This study is to investigate the effects of paeoniflorin on cerebral blood flow and the balance of PGI2/TXA2 of rats with focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. A total of 72 SD rats (3) were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham operation group, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model group (I/R gourp), low (10 mg.kg-1), middle (20 mg.kg-1) and high (40 mg.kg-1) doses of paeoniflorin groups and nimrnodipine group. Focal cerebral ischemia in rats was made by inserting a monofilament suture into internal carotid artery for 90 min and then reperfused for 24 h. The effects of paeoniflorin on neurological deficit scores and the infarction volume of brain were detected. Relative regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was continuously monitored over ischemic hemispheres by laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF). The expression of COX-2 in hippocampal CAl region was estimated by immunohistochemistry and the contents of prostacyclin I2 (PGI2), thromboxane A2 (TXA2), and ratio of PGIJ2/TXA2 in serum were measured by ELISA kits. Paeoniflorin significantly ameliorated neurological scores, reduced the infarction volume, and increased regional cerebral blood flow relative to the I/R group. In addition, paeoniflorin could inhibit COX-2 expression and the release of TXA2 and prevent the downregulation of PGI2 induced by I/R injury. The neuroprotective effects of paeoniflorin against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats might be attributed to improve the supply of injured hemisphere blood flow and adjust the balance between PGI2/TXA2.
6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha ; blood ; Animals ; Brain ; blood supply ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Glucosides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Monoterpenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Neuroprotective Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regional Blood Flow ; drug effects ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Thromboxane B2 ; blood

Adolescent ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Thalassemia ; surgery ; Transplantation Chimera

Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; immunology ; therapy ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Prednisolone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; fas Receptor ; genetics

Acute Kidney Injury ; chemically induced ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Methotrexate ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy

Extracellular single-unit discharge recording technique was used to examine the effects of Ginkgolide B (BN52021) on the discharges of neurons in CAI area of hippocampal slices and to elucidate the mechanisms involved.The results showed that:(1) In response to the application of ginkgolide B (0.1,1,10 βμmol/L; n =43) into the perfusate for 2 rain,the spontaneous discharge rates (SDR) of 42/43 (97.67%) neurons were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner; (2) Pretreatment with L-glutamate (L-Glu,0.2mmol/L) led to a marked increase in the SDR of all 10 (100%) neurons in an epileptiform pattern.The increased discharges were suppressed significantly after ginkgolide B (1 μmol/L) was applied into the perfusate for 2 rain; (3) In 8 neurons,perfusion of the selective L-type calcium channel agonist,Bay K 8644 (0.1 μmol/L),induced a significant increase in the discharge rate of 8/8 (100%) neurons.Ginkgolide B (1 μmoL/L) applied into the perfusate inhibited the discharges of 7/8 (87.5%) slices; (4) In 8 neurons,the broad potassium channels blocker,tetraethylammonium (TEA,1 mmol/L) completely blocked the inhibitory effect of ginkgolide B (1 μmol/L).These results suggest that ginkgolide B can inhibit the electrical activity of CAI neurons.The inhibitory effect may be related to the blockade of L-type voltage-activated calcium channel and may be concerned with delayed rectifier potassium channel (KDR),which indicated that ginkgolide B play a protective role on the central neurons.

Acute Disease ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Budesonide ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Graft vs Host Disease ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Intestinal Diseases ; drug therapy ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Kangxianling Decoction (KXLD), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mRNA and phosphorylations of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and p38 in renal tissue of rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). METHODS: Eighteen male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham-operated group, untreated group and KXLD-treated group. A rat model of renal interstitial fibrosis was established by UUO. Rats with UUO were sacrificed after intragastric administration of KXLD for 14 days, and the parameters such as serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and hydroxyproline in the kidney of rats in 3 groups were analyzed. The expression of HGF mRNA in kidney tissue was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The expressions of c-Met protein, ERK1/2 protein, p38 protein and the phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38 were determined by Western blotting method. RESULTS: The levels of SCr, BUN and hydroxyproline in the untreated group were significantly increased as compared with those in the sham-operated group (P<0.05). The expression of HGF mRNA in the untreated group was significantly down-regulated. The expression of c-Met protein and the phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38 in the kidney tissue of rats with UUO in the untreated group were significantly up-regulated. After intervention with KXLD, the phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38 were all significantly inhibited except for c-Met expression. The HGF mRNA was increased in KXLD-treated group. CONCLUSION: KXLD can decrease the level of collagen in the obstructed kidney of rats with UUO and alleviate the renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with UUO through enhancing the HGF mRNA expression and inhibiting the phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38.

Objective To analyze the CT features of primary pulmonary leiomyoma (PPL) and improve the diagnostic ability of PPL.Methods The CT findings and clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed in 6 patients with PPL proved by pathology,and the related literatures were reviewed.Results Six PPLs were single lesion from 3.0 to 8.5 cm in size,the shape was round or oval with extremely smooth margin.On CT plain scan,the CT values of all PPL lesions were 25-33 HU,4 lesions presented homogeneous moderate enhancement (40-60 HU) and 2 lesions presented inhomogeneous enhancement after contrast administration.A solid lesion showed obviously patchy enhancement with cystic degeneration,1 lesion presented ring enhancement.All lesions were benign histopathologically,the leiomyoma cells showed spindle shaped or in bundles with pseudocapsule,and with hyaline degeneration in 1 case.Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA) were all marked positive on immunohistochemistry.Conclusions CT findings of PPL have some characteristics,but lack of specificity,the final diagnosis still relies on pathological examination.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; methods ; Bronchoscopy ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Gene Amplification ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyploidy ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; Young Adult

Background and purpose:The chemokine,CXCL12 and its receptor,CXCR4,have recently been shown to play an important role in the metastasis of several kinds of carcinoma. It also has been demonstrated that VEGF regulates both the expression of CXCR4 and invasiveness in cancer cell. Our aim was to study the expression of CXCR4,VEGF in osteosarcoma and the correlation between these two factors and distant metastasis. Methods: The immunohistochemical staining SP method was used to detect the expression of CXCR4 and VEGF in 56 cases of osteosarcoma. We analyzed the correlation between the expression of CXCR4 and VEGF,and the correlation between the expression of CXCR4,VEGF and clinical stage,the level of ALP. The patients were followed up for 2 years. Results:There was signifi cant correlation between the expression of CXCR4 and VEGF in 56 cases(r=5.678,P=0.02). Univariate analysis showed a signifi cant correlation between the expression of CXCR4,VEGF and clinical tumor stage(P=0.026),and no correlation between the expression of these two factors and age,sex and serum ALP level. 31 cases had metastasis in two years in a total of 56 follow-up cases,and the expression of CXCR4 and VEGF was associate with metastasis(P=0.018 and P=0.022,respectively). Conclusion:VEGF can upregulate tumor angiogenesis and promote tumor metastasis to specific organ by increasing expression of CXCR4.The increasing expression of CXCR4 and VEGF is useful to predict metastasis and prognosis of osteosarcoma.