Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; parasitology ; Myiasis ; Nasal Cavity ; parasitology

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palatine Tonsil ; pathology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; pathology ; surgery ; Tongue ; pathology

Adolescent ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Thalassemia ; surgery ; Transplantation Chimera

Objective To explore the efficacy of low tidal volume ventilation strategy in children with acute hypoxia respiratory failure (AHRF).Methods A total of 79 hospitalized children with AHRF from Aug 2006 to Jul 2011 in PICU of Kunming Children's Hospital were enrolled in this study.The observation group in-cluded 55 children who received low tidal volume ventilation strategy (6-8 ml /kg),while the other 24 children (control group)were given traditional mechanical ventilation (10-12 ml /kg).Oxygenation situations such as PaO2 ,PaCO2 ,PaO2 /FiO2 ,oxygen index and blood gas pH value,organ function,mechanical ventilation complica-tions,hospitalization days and expenses in PICU and the mortality were observed.Results (1)PaO2 ,PaO2 /FiO2 and oxygen index in the observation group were better than those in control group after 24 h mechanical ventilation [(68.51 ±7.53)mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa)vs.(61.64 ±9.28)mmHg,(162.9 ±21.84)mmHg vs.(152.1 ± 19.03)mmHg,and 18.85 ±4.1 vs.26.53 ±5.2,respectively],and there were significant differences between two groups (P ﹤0.05);and there were also significant differences between two groups in the results after 48 h and 72 h mechanical ventilation.(2)The PaCO2 was (47.48 ±10.52)mmHg after 24 h in observation group,while the PaCO2 in control group was (30.17 ±6.59)mmHg,and it suggested excessive ventilation.(3)Mechanical venti-lation time (7.6 ±3.1)d and hospitalization days (12.8 ±3.6)d were shorter in observation group(P ﹤0.01). Barotrauma (7.3%)and mortality (20.0%)in observation group was significantly lower than those in control group (29.2%,41.6%;P ﹤0.01).The number of damaged organs in observation group was lower than that in control group (P ﹤0.05).Conclusion Low tidal volume ventilation with appropriate positive end expiratory pressure could improve oxygenation,prevent alveolar collapse,reduce complications and mortality for children with AHRF,it should be applied for the treatment of children with AHRF.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that the finite element method could preferably simulate the biomechanical analysis for the object with complicated structures and irregular shapes. The similarities for the finite element model have great influences on the results of the analysis. However, to construct an ideal model is the most time-consuming and complicated portion for the finite element analysis. OBJECTIVE:To construct a finite element model for the maxilary first molar and the periodontal tissue, and to provide a basis of biomechanical researches of the maxilary first molar. METHODS: A volunteer with complete mandibular dentition and healthy periodontal tissue was selected in this study. Cone-beam CT was scanned. The images were saved as DICOM format. These images were imported to the medical modeling software Mimics. The surface model for the maxilary first molar and the alveolar bone was constructed. The model was then imported to GiD for pre-processing. Thus, the complete three-dimensional finite element model for the maxilary first molar and the periodontal tissue was constructed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A finite element model for bilateral maxilary first molar, periodontal ligament and maxilary alveolar bone was constructed, including 896 035 nodes and 4 881 067 elements. This model has restored the geometric shape and the structure of the research object. This study successfuly constructed finite element models of maxilary first molar and the periodontal tissue, which can be a basis of biomechanical researches for the maxilary first molar and the periodontal tissue under the effect of different clinical orthodontic forces.

AIM To study the central role of genistein (GST) in regulating cardiovascular function of nervous center by examining the effects of GST on the electrical activity of rat paraventricular nucleus neurons in slice preparation and to elucidate the mechanism involved. METHODS Using extracellular single-unit discharge recording technique to examine discharges of neurons in paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamic slices at the resting potential level. RESULTS ①In response to the application of GST 10, 50 and 100 μmol·L-1, respectively, in the perfusate for 2 min, the spontaneous discharge rates (SDR) of neurons in 25/26 hypothalamic slices were significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. ②Pretreatment with L-glutamate 0.2 mmol·L-1 led to a marked increase in the SDR of slices in an epileptiform pattern. GST 50 μmol·L-1 significantly attenuated the increased SDR in all 7 slices. ③In 8/8 slices, the G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K+ channels (GIRKs) antagonist, tetraethylammonium 1 mmol·L-1 completely blocked the inhibitory effect of GST 50 μmol·L-1. ④Pretreatment with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester 50 μmol·L-1 increased SDR in all 7 slices, but did not affect the inhibitory effect of GST 50 μmol·L-1. CONCLUSION GST can inhibit the electrical activity of paraventricular neurons, and play a protective role on the central neurons. The inhibitory effect of GST may be related to the activation of GIRKs which induce K+ outward current and then engender the cell membrane hyperpolarization, but be not due to the NO release.

[Objective]To explore the roles of TIDC(tumor infiltrating dendritic cell)and TIL-T(tumor infiltrating T lymphocyte)in tumor immunity of EBV-associated gastric carcinoma(EBVaGC)and their clinical significance.[Methods]TIDC and TIL-T in EBVaGC(n=49)and EBVnGC(EBV-negative gastric carcinoma)(n=20)were detected by immunohistochemistry method and then their subtypes and their relationships with clinical and pathological factors were analyzed.[Results]Mild infiltration was detected in 29 of 49(59.2%)EBVaGCs and 18 of 20(90%)EBVnGCs,while marked infiltration of TIDC was detected in 20 of 49(40.8%)EBVaGCs and 2 of 20(10%)EBVnGCs.And the difference between the two groups was significant (P=0.013).The number of TIL-T in EBVaGC was hisher than that in EBVnGC(P=0.017),and most of them were CTLs.The number of TIL-T was positively correlated with that of TIDC(r=0.386,n=49,P=0.006).The degree of TIL-T infiltration in EBVaGC had negative relationship with the lymph node metastasis(P＜0.001),while TIDC had no relationship with the clinical features.[Conclusion]TIDC and TIL-T may play important roles in the tumor immunity of EBVaGC;TIDC may contribute to the TIL-T recruitment in EBVaGC.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of high volume hemofiltration (HVHF) combined with mechanical ventilation (MV) on seawater respiratory distress syndrome (SW-RDS) canine models.MethodsTen nomal hybrid dogs were randomly assigned into two groups:MV group(MV group,n=5),all the animals only received MV after establishing model successfully; HVHF combined with MV group (HVHF+MV group,n=5),all were received HVHF plus MV after establishing model successfully.Both groups were observed for 4 hours.Mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),central venous pressure(CVP),arterial blood gas and venous plasma osmotic pressure were detected at baseline,0 min(model establishment),60 min,120 min,180 min,240min after treatment.Venous blood was collected to detect inflammatory mediators (IL-8,IL-6,TNF-α)at baseline,0 min,120 min,240 min after treatment.The lung pathology was examined at the end of the experiment.Results(1)All the animals were suvival after four hous of treatment in both groups. (2)Pattial pressure ofoxygen(PaO2) and O2 saturation(SaO2) rised after four hours of treatment in both groups(P＜0.05), and HVHF+MV group was better than MV group.After 4 hours of treatment,pH,actual bicarbonate (AB),bases excess(BE) in HVHF+MV group were significantly better than those in MV group(P＜0.05),recovering to the baseline values.(3)MAP,HR,CVP were stable during the four hours of treatment,and compared with 0 min,there was no significant differences after 4 hours of treatment in bothgroups. There were no significant differemces at the same time of treatment in both groups. (4)Plasma osmotic pressure were stable during the four hours of treatment,and compared with 0 min,there was no significant difference in MV group.But in HVHF+MV group,osmotic pressure was significantly higher after 4 hours of treatment than that at the same time in MV group(P＜0.05),and compared with 0 min and 180 min,those were higher too(P＜0.01). (5)Compared with those at the same time in MV group,plasma inflammatory mediators (IL-8,IL-6,TNF-α) were significantly decreased after 4 hours of treatment in HVHF+MV group(P＜0.01).After 4 hours of treatment IL-8,TNF-α in MV group were higher than those at the same time in 0 min (P＜0.05).(6)Compared with those in MV group,there were less infiltration of neutrophils,edema and injury of alveolar epithelium from pulmonary pathology.ConclusionsHVHF combined with MV can significantly improve hypoxemia and correct acidosis of SW-RDS model in canines.HVHF can effectively clear plasma inflammatory mediators and redundant water,improve pulmonary pathology changes.HVHF has no impact on MAP,HR and CVP of SW-RDS.

OBJECTIVEThis review aims to identify the dimensional structure of the shortened dentine hypersensitivity experience questionnaire (DHEQ-15) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

METHODSThe Chinese language version of DHEQ-15 was applied to 210 patients with dentine hypersensitivity aged 18-70 years old. The three-dimensional construct was confirmed by CFA.

RESULTSAll the questionnaires were fully completed. The item "Because of the sensations, I take longer to finish a meal than others" was the most frequently reported by the parents. The modified three-factor model is suitable for the data. The chi-square fit statistics/degree of freedom was 2.213, the goodness-of-fit index was 0.905, the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.872, the normed fit index was 0.845, the incremental fit index was 0.962, the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.969, the comparative fit index was 0.977, and the root mean square error of approximation was 0.068.

CONCLUSIONSOur findings generally support the three-dimensional construct of the DHEQ-15. Thus, DHEQ-15 can be used as a valid instrument in patients with dentine hypersensitivity in China.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of emodin on acute rejection after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) in rats.Methods:The LEW→BN OLT models were established.A total of 45 rats were divided randomly and equally into 3 groups:group A was treated with normal saline at dose of 0.5 ml/d intraperitoneally from 1st day to 8th day after operation;Group B,CsA at dose of 10.0 mg?kg-1?d-1;Group C,emodin at dose of 50.0 mg?kg-1?d-1.8 days after operation,6 recipients of each groups were killed for confirming rejection-active index(RAI) and hepatocellular apoptosis index(AI) by observing the pathologic change of transplanted liver in recipients.The other recipients were raised for observing the survival time.Results:Respectively,the survival time(days) of group A,B,C was 9.50?1.64,21.57?2.15,21.29?2.21.The survival time of group B,C was significantly longer than that of group A(P0.05).Respectively,the RAI of group A,B,C was 7.67?0.9,5.17?0.40,5.83?0.75 and the AI of group A,B,C was 35.83?2.32,15.83?1.33,16.50?2.35.The RAI and AI of group B,C was significantly lower than that of group A(P0.05).Conclusion:Emodin can reduce the hepatocellular apoptosis and suppress the acute rejection after OLT in rats.