Aim To establish a model of the vascular endothelial cell (VEC) injury in SDrats.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into the control and the modelgroups. The model rats were injected with adrenaline diluted to 2. 5 times 0. 05 mg?100 g-1 (tid) for 5 d continously. From the 4th d, they were irritated for 5 min in the0℃ cold-water in the middle between adrenaline injections.The control rats weregiven 0. 9% NS as above. At 6th d, blood samples were taken from carotid arteries ofthe rats and the CEC counts, t - PA、PAI activities, 6-keto-PGF1? concentrations andthe platelet aggregation rate(max) were detected respectively. Results In the modelgroup, as compared with those in the control group, t - PA activity and 6-keto-PGF1?concentration decreased significantly(P

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of Chinese herbs for supplementing Shen to eliminate stone on renal injury induced by extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) in patients with renal calculus.

METHODSSixty patients with diagnosis of renal calculus confirmed by X-ray film or CT combined with abdominal B ultrasonography but showing no obvious symptoms, were randomized into the treated group and the control group. They all were scheduled to receive ESWL treatment. To the patients in the treated group, prescribed Chinese herbs was orally administered in the three days before and after ESWL, patients in the control group ate and drank as usual. Changes of blood levels of nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), urinary levels of N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) before and after ESWL were observed.

RESULTSBlood levels of NO, ET-1, MDA and TNF-alpha significantly increased after ESWL in the control group, higher than the levels in the treated group (P < 0.05); and level of SOD decreased gradually in the control group reaching the valley 72 h after ESWL (P < 0.05), while in the treated group it was unchanged and remained at the level higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). As for the urinary levels of NAG, gamma-GT and beta2-MG, after ESWL, they were all higher in the control group than those in the treated group, showing statistical significance (P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONESWL could induce renal damage in patients with renal calculus and the Chinese herbs for supplementing Shen to eliminate stone can reduce the renal tubular damage by way of anti-oxidation and regulating the renal hemorrheologic disorder and the release of inflammatory mediators.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; injuries ; Kidney Calculi ; blood ; drug therapy ; therapy ; urine ; Lithotripsy ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood ; Young Adult ; beta 2-Microglobulin ; urine ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; urine

Objective To master iodine nutritional status of people after universal salt iodization in Xining that reached the stage goal of elimination iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In the 7 counties investigated of Xining in 2009, 5 towns were randomly selected in each county, and one school was randomly selected in each town, 80 children aged 8 to 10 were randomly selected in each school, and goiter were examined, urinary iodine and salt iodine were tested. Thyroid gland goiter of children was detected by thyroid palpation, children's urinary iodine was tested by As( Ⅲ )-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry, and salt iodine was tested by direct titration. Results A total of 2919 children aged 8 to 10 were examined, 31 goiter was detected, goiter rate was 1.06%(31/2919).One thousand and seventy-eight urine samples were detected, urinary iodine median was 205.3 μg/L, that lower than 20 μg/L accounted for 1.9% (20/1078), lower than 50 μg/L accounted for 4.5%(48/1078). Two thousand and seventy-nine salt samples were detected, median of salt iodine was 32.80 mg/kg, the rate of non-iodized salt was 0.87%(18/2079), the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.13%(2061/2079), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.64% (2033/2061), the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.79% (2033/2079). Conclusions Prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders has achieved remarkable results in Xining city, all indicators have reached the national standard to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the occupational hazards of enterprises in Pingshan district of Shenzhen in 2017. Methods Occupational hazards were analyzed in 200 enterprises in Pingshan district of Shenzhen City selected using stratified Results random sampling method. A total of 24 industries were involved in the 200 enterprises. The declaration rate of ， occupational hazards was 91.5% and the exposure rate of occupational hazards among workers was 49.2%. The regular monitoring rate of occupational hazard factors in workplaces of the enterprises was 79.5%. There were 129 kinds of occupational ， ， hazard factors of which 19 factors exceeded the national occupational exposure limit accounting for 14.7%. The over standard ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， rates of noise silica dust cotton dust methanol toluene and other dust were 28.7% 13.6% 11.8% 5.86% 0.5% and ， ， 0.4% respectively. There were 13 kinds of occupational hazard factors in the workplace of metal products industry all of which （ ） exceeded the occupational exposure limit. The exposure rate 56.7% of occupational hazard factors in workers was the highest. Conclusion ， ， The main occupational hazard factors were noise dust and chemical factor and the major occupational hazard industry was metal manufacturing in Pingshan district of Shenzhen City.

OBJECTIVETo observe the distribution of the blood vessels in the integument tissue of the channel area of legs.

METHODSThe integument tissue of the lower limbs in the 12 cadavers were dissected with macro-and micro-dissection, radiographical technique of systemic artery and technique of image pattern analysis to observe and analyze the origins, branches and anastomoses in the integument tissues along the channels of legs.

RESULTSThe distributional density of the blood vessels in the integument tissues of legs along the channel area of the three-yin meridians of the foot, the Gallbladder Meridian, and the Urinary Bladder Meridian was higher than that in the other parts. They formed an obvious nutrient vascular chain on the arteriogram. The distributional density in the channel area of the Stomach Meridian was not obviously increased and the obvious nutrient vascular chain could not be seen.

CONCLUSIONAn obvious nutrient vascular chain is formed in the integument tissue along the channel area of legs except the Stomach Meridian.

Blood Vessels ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Leg ; blood supply ; Meridians

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and reliability on the quantitative evaluation of Colles' fracture by multislice CT (MSCT) multiplanner reconstruction (MPR).

METHODSA total of 36 patients with Colles' fracture from July 2011 to July 2014 were investigated in this study. There were 11 males and 25 females with a mean age of (42.5 ± 5.4) years old (ranged 35 to 72 years). All the patients underwent anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films and MSCT scans on wrist joints within 2 days after trauma. Images were sent to the workstation through picture archiving and conserving system (PACS). One associate chief physician independently and respectively measured the dorsal intercalation depth of distal fracture block, palmar angle and dislocation degree of wrist articular surface collapse on anteroposterior and lateral X-ray film and MSCT-MPR. The time interval between the two measurements was 2 weeks. All the data between the first and second measurement on X-ray and MPR and the mean value between the X-ray and MPR was examined with paired t-test. The pearson analyzed their correlation.

RESULTSAmong the 35 cases, 35 cases of palmar angle, 21 cases of intercalation depth and 16 cases of dislocation of wrist articular surface collapse could be measured on both X-ray and MPR. For the above parameters, the first measurement results were (12.5 ± 3.6)°, (4.5 ± 2.1) mm, (3.7 ± 1.6) mm and the second measurement results were (4.8 ± 2.2)°, (6.4 ± 3.6) mm, (2.5 ± 1.2) mm on X-ray films respectively. The first measurement results on MPR were (14.5 ± 5.3)°, (4.2 ± 1.2) mm, (5.7 ± 2.3) mm, and the results were (13.2 ± 2.6)°, (4.7 ± 2.2) mm, (4.6 ± 2.1) mm for the second measurement respectively. The three parameters between the first and second measurement on plain film had statistical difference and low correlation (r = 0.681, 0.640, 0.345, P < 0.05). The data between the first and second measurement on MPR showed that the dislocation degree of wrist articular surface collapse had statistical difference (P < 0.05) and no statistical significance was found for the other two parameters (P > 0.05), with the moderate correlation (r = 0.954, 0.854, 0.642). The three parameters had low or moderate correlation with each other on X-ray (r = 0.454, 0.532, 0.378, P < 0.05), compared with the mean value on MPR.

CONCLUSIONUsing MSCT MPR images may carry on the multiple parameter measurement of Colles fracture, to make quantitative evaluation, and repeated measurement is better reliability.

Adult ; Aged ; Colles' Fracture ; diagnostic imaging ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; methods

BACKGROUNDRecent studies have revealed the important role of free radicals in renal damage induced by high-energy shock waves (HESW). This study aimed at investigating the effects of Astragalus membranaceus, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, on free radical-mediated HESW-induced damage to renal tubules in a live rabbit model.

METHODSForty-five healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control group (n = 15), sham group (n = 15), and herb-treated group (n = 15). Three days prior to HESW application, the controls received verapamil (0.4 mg/kg), the shams received physiological saline (20 ml), and the herb-treated animals received Astragalus membranaceus (2.4 g/kg) intravenously. HESW (1500 shocks, 18 kV) was applied to the right kidneys of all anesthetized rabbits. We measured superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels before and after shock treatment in blood and kidney homogenates. Histopathological changes were also observed.

RESULTSMDA levels increased and SOD activity decreased significantly in the sham group (P < 0.05 for both) after shock treatment. MDA levels showed a much less increase in the controls (P < 0.05) and did not increase to statistically significant levels in the group receiving Astragalus membranaceus (P > 0.05). SOD values were significantly higher in the controls than in the shams (P < 0.05). By contrast, SOD levels recovered rapidly in the rabbits receiving Astragalus membranaceus, reaching a nadir within 24 hours, and returning to baseline more quickly than in control and sham rabbits (P < 0.05). Histopathological examinations showed that renal tubular damage in the controls was less severe than in the shams, while damage in the Astragalus membranaceus group was even more mild, with rapid recovery in comparison with the controls.

CONCLUSIONThis study provides preliminary evidence indicating that Astragalus membranaceus has strong protective effects on free radical-mediated renal tubular damage induced by HESW and that these effects are superior to the effects of verapamil.

Animals ; Astragalus membranaceus ; Free Radicals ; toxicity ; High-Energy Shock Waves ; adverse effects ; Kidney Tubules ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Phytotherapy ; Rabbits ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Verapamil ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the prognosis of the total proctocolectomy and ileal-pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).

METHODSSixty-one patients with ulcer colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis were performed total proctocolectomy and ileal pouches-anal anastomosis during 1985 to 2002. There are S type pouch 25 cases, S-J type pouch 13 cases, J type pouch 17 cases and W type pouch 6 cases. The complication and function after the IPAA were also discussed.

RESULTSNo patient died after operation. The total morbidity is 16% (10/61), the morbidity of group UC (6/25) is higher than FAP's (4/34). The W type pouch's morbidity is higher than other three types', the operation with stapled technique is associated with fewer complication than hand-sewn IPAA (2/20 vs 8/41), however, there is also no significant difference between them. The number of stools per 24 hours is 4.2, the percent of the normal continence of daytime and nighttime is 84% (43/51) and 75% (38/51) respectively. There's only about 6% (3/51) patient with fecal incontinence. The most patients are satisfied with IPAA.

CONCLUSIONThe proctocolectomy ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for FAP and UC has few complication with accepted frequency and preserve a good anal function, it is an ideal alternative approach.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; surgery ; Colonic Pouches ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proctocolectomy, Restorative ; Quality of Life ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo assess the value of an intracavitary convex array probe in detecting internal carotid artery (ICA) disease.

METHODSEighty-six carotid arteries in 43 cases were examined with intracavitary convex array probe, low-frequency convex array probe and high-frequency linear probe to collect the data including the ICA visible length, peak systolic velocity (PSV), internal diameter, blood vessel shape; common carotid artery (CCA) intimae-medial thickness (IMT), PSV, and internal diameter.

RESULTSSignificant differences were noted in the visible length, PSV of ICA, and internal diameter detected by different frequency ultrasound probes. Intracavitary probe and high-frequency probe produced significantly different findings of the blood vessel shape.

CONCLUSIONIntracavitary convex array probe has important clinical value in detecting of ICA disease.

Adult ; Aged ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography ; instrumentation ; methods

BACKGROUND: At present, finite element analysis can be used to judge intertrochanteric fractures, but mostly limited in the distribution of stress. Finite element model of various intertrochanteric fractures has not been reported in detail.OBJECTIVE: To build various types of intertrochanteric fracture models with Hypermesh 14.0 and LS-DYNA software to simulate the falling-induced external force on proximal femur, and to evaluate the effect of models, and to analyze the biomechanical mechanism of intertrochanteric fractures. METHODS: Normal side CT image data of one case of elderly intertrochanteric fracture were collected and imported into Mimics software to establish the proximal femur geometric models, were then analyzed and operated by LZ-DYNA solver after imported into Geomagic studio 2013 and Hypermesh 14.0 for smoothing and meshing. Before analysis, the material parameters were set, the boundary conditions were confirmed, and given the loading parameters. The operating results were checked in Hyper View. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The distribution of stress of proximal femur exactly matched to the previous study. EvansⅠtype intertrochanteric fracture model was obtained under continuous shear stresses, and six types of fractures were obtained by adjusting the load. (2) These results manifest that based on the Hypermesh 14.0 and LS-DYNA software, the finite element can well simulate the intertrochanteric fractures, and shear stress plays an important role in intertrochanteric fractures, which can provide experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of intertrochanteric fractures.