Objective:To develop a new type of microelectrode used to measure free fluoride in minim solution. Methods:F--ion sensitive field transistor( F--ISFET) microelectrode was developed based on H+-ISFET combined with an Ag/AgCl referential electrode of microtube. The F--ISFET was used to determine the free fluoride ions in saliva and dental plaque fluid in microliter. And its property was investigated. Results:The test limit of F--ISFET was 10 -6 mol/L-10 -1mol/L, the linear test limit was 10 -6mol/L-10 -4mol/L, the sensitivity was 30-55 mV/pF, the responding time was less than 30 seconds, r2 was 0.97, the reclamation was 94%-104%. Conclusion:F--ISFET can be used to measure free fluoride ions in dental plaque.

Objective To investigate the pathologic foundation,clinical characteristics and CT features of microscopic polyangiitis(MPA)with lung involvement.Methods Clinical data of 6 patients of MPA with lung involvement in 2003-2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The types of lung imaging manifestations as the followings:(1)Mutiple flaky shadow in both lung in 3 cases.(2)Ground-glass shadow in 1 case.(3)Disseminated interstitial lung involvement in 2 cases.The main respiratory symptom was haemoptysis except cough and expectoration.Renal damaging often occurred besides the lung.Six cases with positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA)and 5 cases with positive P-ANCA/MPO-ANCA were found in laboratory examination.Conclusions The CT manifestations of MPA with lung involvement have no characteristic features.Clinical characteristics and laboratory examination can help to understand and diagnose MPA with lung involvement early.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) in the eminence lesions of gastrointestinal tract.Methods The clinical data of 420 patients with gastrointestinal eminence lesions subsequently received EUS were analyzed.Results In 420 cases,235 cases lesions were located in the stomach,129 cases in the esophagus,29 cases in the duodenum and 27 cases in the colon.Occurred in the wall itself of the digestive tract lesions was 85.00％ (357/420),and 73.10 ％(307/420) of submucosal neoplasm,and gastrointestinal stromal tumor,leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma was seen [60.24％ (253/420)].Lesions was not found in the digestive tract wall external oppression and lesions accounted for 14.52％(61/420),external lesions and infiltrated digestive tract was 0.48％(2/420).Conclusions EUS is an ideal diagnostic modality in distinguishing different layers of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract,and thus of important value in precise localization of lesions beneath the mucosa.And be able to hint the nature of the lesion.Meanwhile,this may be associated with colonic mucous membrane structure.

Objective:To investigate the role of Smad7 in the Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) migration and proliferation and its clinical significance.Methods:Through transfecting pcDNA3.1 (+)-Smad7 or siRNA Smad7 to overexpress or knockdown the Smad7 expression in HCC cell lines HepG2 and Huh7.The MTT assays were used to test the role of Smad7 in proliferation of HCC cells.Transwell and wound-healing assays were used to detect the effect of Smad7 on migratory ability in both tow cell lines.RT-PCR was used to test the Smad7 expression in 9 clinical HCC patients' specimens.Results:As the results,overexpression of Smad7 significantly inhibited the proliferation of cells compared with the control group,while knockdown Smad7 promoted the proliferation.At the same time,overexpression of Smad7 could inhibit the migratory ability of HCC cells compared with the control group,while knockdown smad7 could accelerate this ability.The expression of Smad7 in cancer tissue was significantly lower compared with normal mucosa tissue adjacent to cancer.Conclusions:Smad7 is a kind of anti-progressive molecule in HCC.

Analyzed in the paper is the current subsidy mechanism for public hospitals in Zhejiang province, with analysis of problems found. The authors recommended to build a mass fraction subsidy mechanism to cover up the insufficiency of government financial subsidy; to fully leverage the price compensation of medical services; to subsidize in view of the functional positioning of various medical institutions;and explore more channels for public hospitals′subsidies.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the pathogenic causes of lower respiratory tract infections(LRTIs) in the elderly in Guangzhou area.METHODS Pathogens obtained from 107 patients with LRTIs were performed by multiple diagnostic tools that including bacterial culture,PCR and specific immunological assays.RESULTS A bacterial cause was established in 42(68.5%) and an atypical pathogen cause in 25(31.6%) of the 107 patients.Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae remained the most important pathogens for LRTIs.CONCLUSIONS In the prescription of antibiotics in the elderly with LRTIs,not only bacteria but also atypical pathogens should be taken into account.

Objective To explore the methods and clinical value of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) in detecting rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) with head scanning probe.Methods A total of 12 patients had the ultrasonic examination through the rectum with the head scanning probe.Preoperative ultrasonic findings were compared with the pathological results.Results Of the 12 patients,the patients were divided into three groups,including 3 cases with low-degree severity,6 cases with moderate-degree severity and 6 cases with high-degree severity.The lymph node metastasis was not found near intestines.Rectal GIST appeared as a hypoechoic mass with clear limit、regular form and expanded growth under TRUS.The CDFI showed abundant flow in the tumor and TRUS had an overall accuracy rate of 75.0%(9/12)in the diagnosis of rectal GIST.The accuracy of TRUS in the staging diagnosis of rectal GIST was 83.3%(10/12).Conclusion The TRUS with the head scanning probe is of great value for pre-operative diagnosis and staging of rectal GIST.Rectal water window and felicitous check-up technique can enhance the accuracy of TRUS.

Objective To find a selection method system appropriate for China's essential drug list.Methods Collection and analysis of technical paper literature on essential drug list developement,adjustment technical papers,and literature on evidence-based medicine,pharmacoeconomics evaluation,and medical insurance budget analysis from WHO and other countries.On such basis,a method system for selecting China's essential medicine list can be proposed,with its feasibility analyzed and demonstrated.Results The GRADE assessment proposed by WHO was used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the drug;the pharmacy economics evaluation is added to assess the economic efficiency;these were aided by the pharmacoeconomics evaluation for a comprehensive evaluation of the pharmacoeconomics of the drug in question,supplementing analysis of the medical insurance,and ensuring its affordability of essential medicine so selected.The theory of this system is well developed,and supporting software ready for application.Examples in Zhejiang Province regarding essential medicine for diabetes have proved this method feasible.Data acquisition constitutes a major roadblock for scientific selection due to barriers against medical insurance data sharing.Conclusions Theoretic basis and method tools are fully available for essential medicine selection,and the selection method system as proposed in this study prove feasible to some extent.Decision makers are recommended to scientifically select the essential drugs,and to encourage data sharing,in order to make the list more scientific and pragmatic.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XFZYD) on the number, phenotype, cell cycle and colony formation of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in mice.

METHODSKunming mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group, the low- (3.25 g/kg), middle- (6.5 g/kg) and high-dose (13.0 g/kg) XFZYD groups. After they were medicated by gastrogavage respectively with saline or corresponding dose of XFZYD for 7 days, their bone marrow HSC were separated and counted. The phenotype Sca and cell cycle of HSC were detected by flow cytometer, and the colony formation was determined with semisolid methyl media culture.

RESULTSNo obvious difference in the number of mononuclear cell, suspended cell and colony production was found among all the groups (P > 0.05); while the expression of CD34 and Sca-1 increased in the low-dose XFZYD group, but in the middle-dose XFZYD group increase only showed in Sca-1 expression.

CONCLUSIONXFZYD plays a role of removing blood stasis and promoting regeneration through improving hematopoietic function by means of increasing the number and enhancing the function of premature HSC.

Animals ; Antigens, CD34 ; biosynthesis ; Antigens, Ly ; biosynthesis ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cell Count ; Cells, Cultured ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Mice ; Random Allocation

Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Entopeduncular Nucleus ; physiology ; Male ; Neurons ; physiology ; Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley