Objective To evaluate the effects of antiviral therapy in prevention of tumor recurrence after curative treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Between Apr. 2006 and Jun. 2009,60 patients undergone curative treatment for HCC were enrolled in the retrospective analysis. Patients were assigned into four groups (15 each):patients in groupⅠ(serum HBV-DNA≥1.0?105copies/ml) and groupⅡ(serum HBV-DNA

Objective To evaluate the apical sealing ability of iRoot SP root canal sealer in oval-root canal. Methods After root canals were instrumented by Mtwo, 28 premolars with oval-root canal were randomly divided into 2 groups, 14 teeth in each. The root canals were obturated with AH Plus (group A) and iRoot SP (group B) by modified continuous wave condensation technique. The apical leakage was evaluated by dye penetration method and transparent teeth technique. Results Mean depth of leakage was (0.92 ± 0.26) mm for group A and (0.84 ± 0.40) mm for group B. There was no significant difference between the two groups (t=0.506, P > 0.05). Conclusion The apical sealing ability of iRoot SP is equivalent to AH Plus in oval-root canal.

Exosome is a self-secreted phospholipid bilayer nanovesicles, and has shown great potential in drug delivery field due to the important advantages of low immunogenicity and homologous targeting. Phototherapy, mainly includes photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), utilize light to activate photoactive drug for tumor cell killing. The advanced therapeutic strategy shows low toxic side-effect and non-invasion precise advantages, and thus has made great progress in tumor treatment over the past few years. Therefore, using exosomes as a drug delivery system to deliver phototherapeutic agents can improve therapeutic performances with a reduced side-effect, and further enhance their application potential for clinical tumor therapy. This review focus on the rising cross-subjects field involving exosomes and phototherapy, and mainly introduce the research progress and relative case of exosomes-based delivery system for cancer phototherapy. Additionally, the advantages and challenges of exosome-based phototherapy are also discussed and proposed.

Aged ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; complications ; diagnosis

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between fasting blood glucose and the risk of cholelithiasis. MethodsA total of 87513 individuals who underwent fasting blood glucose test and liver/biliary ultrasound in health examination in Kailuan from 2006 to 2007 were enrolled as subjects, and according to the results of blood glucose test, the subjects were divided into normal blood glucose group with 73456 subjects, impaired fasting blood glucose group with 7165 subjects, and diabetic group with 6892 subjects. The log-rank test was used to compare the cumulative incidence rate of cholelithiasis between groups; the Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the influence of different levels of fasting blood glucose on new-onset cholelithiasis and calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI); a stratified analysis was used to compare the risk of cholelithiasis between the individuals with different levels of fasting blood glucose in the groups with different sexes, blood lipid levels, and levels of body mass index (BMI). A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous data with skewed distribution between multiple groups. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. ResultsThere was a significant difference in the cumulative incidence rate of cholelithiasis between the normal blood glucose group, the impaired fasting blood glucose group, and the diabetic group (10.91% vs 12.17% vs 18.86%, χ2=27.94, P＜0.05). After the continuous adjustment for the other factors in the Cox proportional hazards model analysis, compared with the normal blood glucose group, the impaired fasting blood glucose group had a risk of new-onset cholelithiasis of 0.97(95%CI: 0.85-1.11, P=0.587), and the diabetic group had a risk of new-onset cholelithiasis of 1.15(95%CI: 1.01-1.30, P=0.019). The stratified analysis showed that diabetes was a risk factor for new-onset cholelithiasis in male individuals (HR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.01-1.33, P=0.043), individuals with normal blood lipids (HR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.01-1.49, P=0.044), and individuals with overweight based on BMI (HR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.01-1.35, P=0.048). ConclusionDiabetes can increase the risk of cholelithiasis. Diabetes is an independent risk factor for cholelithiasis in men, individuals with normal blood lipids, and individuals with overweight based on BMI.

Objective To investigate the current situation and the differences of nurse work environment between a military hospital and a civilian hospital.Methods By quota sampling,a questionnaire survey was conducted among a total of 1244 nurses in a military hospital and a civilian hospital in Urumqi.Results The nurse work environment in both hospitals was favorable overall.The total scores of nursing environment and subscale scores of the military hospital were lower than those of the civilian hospital.There were no statistical differences between the two hospitals on their perceptions of the collaboration with physicians as well as leadership and ability of nurse manager.Conclusions The nurse work environ-ment in the civilian hospital was a little more favorable than the military one.Both of their managers,espe-cially the military hospital,should pay more attention to manpower and resources as well as nurses'involve-ment in hospital affairs in order to further optimize nurse work environment.

Objective:To research the number and function of monocyte-macrophages in patients with chronic active hepatitis B. Methods:The 51 chronic viral hepatitis B( CHB) patients were selected randomly,which consisted of 20 cases of mild-moderate,31 cases of severe group and 13 cases of healthy controls. PBMCs were separated by percoll. Monocytes were tagged by CD14,the molecules CD80,CD86,HLA-DR and CD163 were detected by flow cytometry which expressed on the surface of PBMCs. Serum cytokine were detected for IL-10, IL-12 and IL-23 by ELISA. The distribution of CD68 was detected in the liver by immunohistochemical staining. Results:The expressions of CD80 for all chronic hepatitis B patients were lower than the controls respectively,no matter mild-moderate or even severe group. Similarly,the HBV patients expressed lower level of CD86 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells when compared with the control group. Furthermore, there was statistically difference between the levels of CD86 in severe group compared with control group (P<0. 01). As the expression of CD80 and CD86,the levels of HLA-DR in the patents had also declined when compared with controls. While the HLA-DR levels in both the mild-moderate HBV hepatitis groups were statistically significant higher than the severe group (P<0. 01). Different from the above all,the expression of CD163 in all chronic HBV hepatitis was higher than the control group. The CD68 positive cells in chronic HBV patients were observed and infiltrated increasingly in portal area and hepatic lobules (P<0. 05). There were statistically significant differences of IL-10 levels between the mild-moderate group,severe group and the control group,respectively (P<0. 01). Conclusion:Macrophages have participated in the pathological lesions of liver in CHB patients,among peripheral blood mononuclear cells,the phenomena of imbalance between type M1/M2 and polarization to type M2 have been observed,which participated in the development of the chronicity of CHB.

Objective To study the preventive effects of vitamin K2 on tumor recurrence in patients with hepatocellalar carcinoma (HCC) after radical resection. Methods The clinical data of 50 patients with HCC who received radical resection from March 2006 to March 2007 in No. 181 Hospital of PLA were analyzed retrospec-tively. All the patients were divided into 2 groups according to the random number table. Twenty-six patients in vitamin K2 group were administered with menatetrenone (45 mg per day), and the rest 24 pateints were in the control group. The accumulative and tumor-free survival rates, differences between the 2 groups, multivariate factors for prognosis were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curve, Log-rank test and Cox regression model, respectively. Results During a period of 36 month follow-up, 10 patients died and 28 had tunor recurrence. The 1-, 2-, 3-year accumulative survival rates were 96%, 92% and 83% in vitamin K2 group, and 96%, 82% and 63% in control group (χ2 = 3.61, P > 0.05). The 1-, 2-, 3-year tumor-free survival rates were 92%, 60% and 38% in vitamin K2 group, and 75%, 42% and 12% in control group, with significant difference between the 2 groups (χ2 =5.61, P <0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that without taking menate-trenone, the preoperative level of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) ≥800 μg/L and vascular invasion were the indepen-dent risk factors for tumor recurrence. Conclusions Vitamin K2 has a suppressive effect on tumor recurrence of HCC, while patients with AFP≥800 μg/L before operation or with vascular invasion have poor prognosis.

Objective To study the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of mixed thyroid malignant tumors. Methods Clinical data of 7 cases with merged different histological types of thyroid malignant tumor treated from January 1977 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Merged different histologic types of thyroid malignant tumor accounted for 0. 14% of all thyroid malignant tumors treated during this period. Preoperative imaging and laboratory data had no specific value in the diagnosis of this merged different histologic types of thyroid malignant tumors. Radical resection in combination of hormonal therapy and 131I radiotherapy achieved a satisfactory result, though thyroid malignant tumor combined with thyroid cancer usually predict a poor prognosis. Conclusions Merged different histologic types of thyroid malignant tumor is a rare clinical entity, with the pathogenesis being obscure and no consensus of opinion on its nomenclature. The prognosis depends on the highest ～ade among an individual group of malignant tumors.

With the development of functional genomics, high throughput analysis of genes’ function has been the mainstream of research, and exogenous gene's over expression via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most commonly used method in gene functional analysis.The versatile plant expression vector cassette named pBHT-5 was constructed by the method of site-specific mutagenesis based on pBI121. First of all, the restriction enzyme SfiI recognition site in trfA gene (X00713) which was relevant to plasmid replication and stability was replaced without changing its amino acid composition. And then the SfiIA,SfiIB sites were added between promoter CaMV35s and terminator NOS. The versatile plant expression vector cassette can be directly used to construct plant expression vector containing the full-length genes cloned by Clontech SMARTTM technology, which will raise the efficiency of vector construction. The result will provide basis of new genes’ high throughput screening and functional analysis, then get the new genes functioning in plant osmotic stress resistance.