Abstract: Objective　The tuberculosis data of students registered and reported in Xuzhou from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed to provide a basis for Xuzhou to formulate tuberculosis prevention and control measures in schools. Method　The epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis among students in Xuzhou from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed based on the data from Tuberculosis Information Management System and Xuzhou Statistical Yearbook 2021. Results　From 2016 to 2020, a total of 574 student tuberculosis patients were registered in Xuzhou, with an annual average registration rate of 5.64/100 000. The reported incidence of tuberculosis among students in Xuzhou showed an increasing trend year by year (χ2trend=22.521, P<0.001). There were 365 males and 209 females, respectively, with a sex ratio of 1.75:1. The tuberculosis patients were mainly in the 15-19 years old group and 20-24 years old group. According to the statistical analysis by different levels of education, students from ordinary higher institutions accounted for 48.61% of the total number of confirmed cases, followed by senior high schools and secondary vocational schools, accounting for 20.91% and 14.46%, respectively. Preschool education had the lowest number of confirmed cases, accounting for 1.05%. There was significant difference in the reported incidence of tuberculosis among students at different educational levels (χ2=1 522.39, P<0.001). The highest incidence was reported in ordinary higher institutions, followed by senior high schools and secondary vocational schools, and the lowest incidence was reported in preschool education. Conclusion　Xuzhou city school tuberculosis epidemic integral is on the rise, we should further strengthen tuberculosis control work of school tuberculosis prevention and control measures of implementation in the future, at the same time to strengthen school tuberculosis prevention knowledge propaganda and standardize the schools for disposal of tuberculosis epidemic situation. We should also further strengthen the newborn matriculation examination and students absent from class because of illness monitoring work.

Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) are important biocatalysts to synthesize a series of valuable esters and lactones. Based on protein sequence alignment and crystal structure analysis, a nonconserved hinge which linked NADPH domain and FAD domain was speculated to play an important role in substrate recognition and catalytic oxidation process. Cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) was selected as a model. Mutants obtained by homologous replacement of the whole hinge almost completely lost its original catalytic activity, demonstrating that the overall hinge structure was of great importance. Some significant sites were identified to greatly affect the catalytic activity and stereoselectivity by alanine scanning mutagenesis, accompanied by enzyme activity assessments and chiral kinetic resolutions. Altering K153 decreased the activity of the enzyme but enhanced the stereoselectivity. Changing L143 site reduced stereoselectivity but had little effect on enzyme activity. Mutation at L144 site dramatically weakened both activity and stereoselectivity. Subsequently, these corresponding sites in phenylacetone monooxygenase were also illustrated to follow a similar rule, revealing a universal importance of these sites in the BVMO family. These results expanded our understanding of the structure-activity relationship of these enzymes and provided more proofs for future directed evolution of BVMOs.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Catalysis ; Mixed Function Oxygenases ; chemistry ; Models, Molecular ; NADP ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygenases ; chemistry ; Protein Conformation ; Sequence Alignment ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity

There are some problems in the definitions of 'interaction between the heart and the kidney' and 'non-interaction between the heart and the kidney' made in the teaching material of traditional Chinese medicine used by western medicine institutes,colleges and universities.In the teaching material,it explains 'interaction between the heart and the kidney' as the relation between heart fire and kidney water,and 'non-interaction between the beart and the kidney' as the relation between heart-yin and kidney-yin.If we cannot correctly understand the pathogenesis of 'non-interaction between the heart and the kidney',we will fail to determine the concrete treatment method for ' coordinating the heart and the kidney'.Through the analysis and discussion on the theory,clinical syndrome,therapeutic principles and prescriptions for the syndrome of disharmony between the heart and the kidney,the authors draw the conclusion that the therapy for this disease should be determined according to the excess and deficiency of the heat fire and kidney water.For instance,if the deficient kidney water cant ascend to coordinate with the heart and results in exuberance of heart fire,Huanglian Ejiao decoction should be used; in the other situation,if the exuberant heart-fire can't descend to coordinate with the kidney and results in deficiency of kidney yang,Jiaotai Pill should be used.The theoretical results could standardize textbook and give better service to the clinical education.

BACKGROUND:It has become increasingly concerned by the industry to detailed understand the morphology of people’s knee joint, thus achieving personalized and gender differentiated total knee arthroplasty, in order to design the knee joint prosthesis that match the characteristics of Chinese people. OBJECTIVE:To measure and characterize the morphological parameters of distal femur of normal adult Chinese people by CT tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction, and to discuss the differences between male and female in morphology of distal femur. METHODS:Seventy normal Chinese adults (35 males and 35 females, aging from 21 to 60 years) received bilateral knee joint CT scan. The scanning images of distal femur which we needed were col ected and handled with three-dimensional reconstruction or Picasa 3.0 software for col ages and overlapping exposure. The posterior condylar angle, anterior condylar angle and trochlear angle were measured on the images that treated by the software, as wel as the transverse diameter of distal femur, lateral condylar height, and the ratio between them. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mean posterior condylar angle of Chinese women was larger than that of Chinese men (P<0.05);the mean anterior condylar angle of Chinese men was larger than that of Chinese women (P<0.05);The transverse diameter of distal femur, lateral condylar height and the femoral surface ratio (diameter/epicondyle height) of Chinese men were larger than those of Chinese women (P<0.05). The results showed that differences exist in morphology of distal femur between Chinese and western people. Also, the differences exist between male and female in Chinese people. These differences should be concerned in the design of femoral prosthesis for Chinese people as wel as in selecting and placing of femoral prosthesis before or during the total knee arthroplasty.

Recent clinical trials suggested that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted agents could benefit many patients with colorectal cancer. This article reviews the clinical efficacy of cetuximab, which is an antibody directed at the EGFR, in the treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Several articles about EGFR-targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal carcinoma and other solid tumors were reviewed. Cetuximab showed the increase in progression-free survival (3.98 months vs 2.56 months, P

Human promyelocytic leukemia HL - 60 cells labelled with 3H - inositol were treated with vincristine (VCR), it was found that the radioactivity of 3H-phosphatidyl inositol - 4-phosphate (PIP) and 3H - Phosphatidyli-nositol - 4,5 - bisphosphate(PIP2) had no obvious change, but that of 3H-phosphatidyl inositol (PI) decreased rapidly, only accounted for 38. 55%~61.01% of the control during 1~ 120 min of the treatment. It showed that VCRdid not affect the activity of PI kinase and PIP kinase, but enhanced the hydrolysis of PI of HL - 60 cells. The inhibitorty effect of VCR upon cell proliferation and DNA synthesis was observed after above biochemical changes,these results suggest that VCR may inhibit HL-60 cells proliferation by interfering the metabolism of phosphoininositides.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Enalapril folic acid tablet combined with Shenkang injec-tion in the treatment of hypertensive nephropathy. METHODS:90 patients with hypertensive nephropathy were randomly divided in-to control group and observation group. All patients were given anti-infection,regulating electrolyte balance,supplying amino acids and other conventional treatment. Based on it,control group was orally given Maleic acid enalaprilat folic acid tablet 1 tablet in the morning,once a day;observation group was additionally given 100 ml Shenkang injection adding into 300 ml 10% Glucose injec-tion by intravenous infusion,20-30 drops/min,once a day. The treatment course for both groups was 4 weeks. The clinical effica-cy,and clearance rate of creatinine(Ccr),serum creatinine (Scr),morning urine test urine protein (Up)/urine creatinine (Ucr), serum malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)before and after treatment and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment,the Ccr,SOD and T-AOC in 2 groups were significantly higher than before,and observation group was higher than control group,Scr and MDA were significant-ly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Morning urine test Up/Ucr,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower than before,and the differ-ences were statistically significant(P<0.05),however,there was no significant difference between 2 groups(P>0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on the conventional treat-ment,Enalapril folic acid tablet combined with Shenkang injection has better efficacy than only Enalapril folic acid tablet in the treatment of hypertensive nephropathy,with similar safety.

[Summary] The pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN ) is the result of complex multiple concurrent pathogenic factors ,among which oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles. Multiple data have indicated that haem oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) and its degradation products products possess the functions of anti‐oxidation ,anti‐inflammation ,anti‐apoptosis and pro‐angiogenesis ,which now becomes a new target for the treatment of DPN. We will briefly review the progression on the research of HO‐1 and DPN.

Objective] To explore the professor Xie Jingri fromthe theory of liver and spleen in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis treatment and medication,in order to further understand the relationship among the liver,spleen and stomach. To broaden the thinking,to improve the clinical curative effect of chronic atrophic gastritis. [Method] With factor liver main spleen transportation as the theoretical basis,from the perspective of the relationship between five zang-organs and six fu-organs,with clinical basis for the case of professor Xie Jingri about the theory of liver and spleen in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis is discussed for collection. [Results] Professor Xie Jingri putting forward the theory of liver and spleen in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis has profound historical origin,there are documentaries, rules on the use of drugs to people,both focus on the overall,with the evidence-based medicine,and attention to detail,judge of modern,pathogenesis. For chronic atrophic gastritis has opened up a more effective treatment. [Conclusion] Through the elaboration of treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis treatment,medication and typical cases,make the theory of liver and spleen for stomach more clear train of thought,on the theory of liver and spleen theory,improve the efficiency of clinical treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis.

Brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs) play a key role in tumorigenesis and tumor development.There are a group of special markers in the surface of brain tumor stem cells,which can sorts stem cells,precursor cells and cancer stem cells.In recent years,the studies of CD133,Nestin,high-mobility group A1,A2B5 have made some breakthroughs.