Cleft Lip ; therapy ; Cleft Palate ; therapy ; Humans

Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Humans

Cholestasis ; Humans ; Liver Diseases

Some of the clinical manifestation of primary immunodeficiency disease in children is similar with that of hematological system diseases in children.It would result into the change of one or multiple lines of blood cells, which would lead to infection or malignant tumors.To strengthen the awareness of the hematologic manifestations of immunodeficiency diseases will be beneficial for doctors in the diagnosis of diseases,judgment of complication and prog-nosis.

Embryonic stem cells(ESCs),a kind of totipotent cells,can differentiate into cell type of the 3 germ layers.Adult stem cells(ASCs) are pluripotent stem cells,which can self-renew and transdifferentiate into a completely different tissue derivative cells.Thus ASCs can transdifferentiate into germ cells in a certain condition.Great progress has made for the study on human ESCs.However,use of ESCs faces the immunological rejection,oncogenicity and ethical controversies problems,and these limit their uses for treatment of human diseases.On contrast,ASCs can advoid these problems,and they may have a better perspective.Germ cells as carriers of genetic materials,are worth of studying.If male germ cells can be derived from ASCs,this will open the possibilities for the use of these cells for male infertillty in clinical application.In this review,we will introduce the progress on derivation of male germ cells from ESCs and ASCs.

Along with the improvement of the diagnosis techniques and the popularization of the health examination,the incidence of the thyroid nodule is growing rapidly.The management methods of the nodules depend on the correct diagnosis of the thyroid nodules,which could save the limited resources of the healthcare system.The diagnostic methods of the thyroid nodules developed in recent years are reviewed in this paper.

Biomedical Research ; Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Humans

The paper gives an account of the building of the long-distance medical system, a project of Sino Japanese informationalized cooperation. It describes the configuration and structure of the long-range support system of clinical image diagnosis based on the Japanese technique of superhigh-defintion display, discusses the functions and characteristics of the long-distance medical system featured by superhigh-definition display and forecasts the prospects of the application of the system in China and the research and development of relevant projects.