Two cases of chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis were reported. One patient healed while another died with suspicious residual fungal infection. The clinical symptoms of infratemporal fungal infection include maxillofacial pain, with or without fever. Acute or chronic inflammation of soft tissue could be revealed pathologically. Proof of pathogen may not be found in histopathological slice while serological detection may reveal positive evidence. Surgical resection, good drainage and postoperative antifungal therapy could cure or promptly relieve the symptoms of the disease.
Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Fungi ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoses ; Sinusitis ; microbiology ; Skull Base

Objective: By analyzing the relationship between the meteorological factors and the outbreak of emergencies, an artificial neutral network model was established in order to make the medical-meteorological forecast and to reduce and prevent the emergencies. Methods: The data of emergency cases and meteorological factors within the same time in 2007 and 2008 in Ji'nan, China were collected and analyzed by using SAS9.0. The back-propagation (BP) artificial neutral network model was built by using Matlab7.0. Results: A close relationship exists between the meteorological factors as well as their changes and emergencies. The results of forecast show high accuracy rate of each emergency (76% ～ 89%) except CO poisoning (46%). Conclusions: This emergencies medical-meteorological forecasting model based on BP neutral network has good prediction effect and the value of further research.

Objective To investigate the effect of intermedin (IMD) on tubular cells apoptosis induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and its associated mechanism.Methods A total of twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (control group, I/R group, empty plasmid group and IMD group). One week after the removal of right kidney, ultrasound plasmid was used to transfect empty or IMD plasmid into the left kidney. Renal I/R model was made by clasping the left renal artery for 45 minutes. Tubular cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL. Expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Fas was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.Activity of caspase-8 and caspase-9 was evaluated with commercially available kits respectively.Protein level of caspase-3 was measured by Western blotting analysis. Results Compared with control group, apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells, expression of Bax and Fas, activities of caspase-8 and caspase-9, as well as protein level of caspase-3 were all significantly increased in I/R group (all P＜0.05). IMD pre-treatment significantly inhibited all these effects (all P＜0.05). There were no differences of above parameters between empty plasmid group and I/R group. Conclusion IMD pre-treatment protects against renal I/R injury by inhibion of tubular epithelial cell apoptosis.

Objective To study the effect of allo-human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on T and B cells from patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in vitro. Methods BMSCs were isolated from bone marrow samples of healthy volunteers and purified by density gradient centrifugation and cultured in vitro. Peripheral lymphocytes were isolated from patients with RA.Then, BMSCs and lymphpcutes were co-cultured. The modulatory effect of BMSCs on proliferation, activation and maturation of T and B lymphocytes of RA patients stimulated by PHA and SAC respectively was observed. The cell generation cycle and the degree of apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry with PI/ Annexin V. After co-cultured with or without BMSCs for 72 hours, T cells were harvested, then they were labeled with anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD25 antibodies and analyzed by flow cytometry. The density of IgG in the co-culture system was detected by ELISA. Results T and B cells proliferation was significantly suppressed when co-cuhured with bMSCs but did not induce T cell apoptosis. There was a significant decrease in the ratio of CD4+ CD3+ T cells in the co-cuhure group (34±6), as compared with the control group (44±7) (P<0.05). There was a decrease in CD25+ T cells and increase of CD4+ CD25+ cells in BMSCs co-cultured group (P<0.05). IgG was in creased in the cocuhure system. Conclusion Human BMSCs inhibit T and B cell activation and proliferation in patients with RA in vitro. And these immunomodulatory effects are not MHC restricted. The results of this study have provided evidence for the fact that BMSCs has the potential to be an effective treatment for RA.

Objective To compare the clinical characteristics of community-acquired acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) and hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (HA-AKI) patients.Methods Hospital network system was employed to screen the clinical data of adult patients in the First Affiliated Hospital in Xinjiang Medical University in January to July 2013.A total of 19 528 patients were screened,and 544 AKI patients were identified based on KIDGO (Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes) AKI guidelines.Three hundred and thirty patients were included in HA-AKI group and 214 patients in CA-AKI group.Clinical variables including mortality were analyzed retrospectively.Results The incidence of AKI in hospitalized patients was 2.8％ (544/19 528):1.7％ in CA-AKI group and 1.1％ in HA-AKI group.The mean age in CA-AKI group was significantly older than that in HA-AKI group [(62.9 ± 16.8) years vs (56.6± 15.9) years].Medical patients in CA-AKI group accounted for 62.4％,and surgical patients in HA-AKI group accounted for 64.1％.The co-morbid diseases were cardiac disease,hypertension,diabetes and chronic liver disease.Majority of AKI was caused by pre-renal etiologies.The length of hospitalization was significantly shorter in CA-AKI group compared to that in HA-AKI group [12(8,20) days vs 19 (12,27) days,P ＜ 0.01].Compared to that in HA-AKI group,all-cause mortality was significantly lower in CA-AKI group (11.5％ vs 20.1％,P=0.005).Results by multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the common independent risk factors of AKI in both groups were ICU hospitalization and shock.The independent risk factor of AKI in CA-AKI group was diabetes (OR=3.019).In contrary,the independent risk factors of AKI in HA-AKI group were elderly (≥65 years) (OR=3.303),oliguria (24 h urine volume ＜ 400 ml) (OR=6.906),use of antiinflammatory drugs (OR=13.079) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (OR=17.778).Conclusions The incidence of AKI in hospitalized patients is not rare,among which both communityacquired and hospital-acquired AKI are mainly caused by pre-renal etiologies.All-cause mortality is lower in community-acquired AKI compared to that in hospital-acquired AKI and the independent risk factors are different between CA-AKI and HA-AKI.

Animals ; Base Sequence ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Virus Diseases ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Virus Physiological Phenomena ; Viruses ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To establish a paraspinal neural pathway of quadriceps femoris by end-to-end anastomoses between the spinal ventral root after spinal cord injury(SCI) in rats. Methods Twenty-fourweek old SD rats, with the weight of 120 g to 150 g, were included. The left side was the experimental side, while the right side served as a control. Electrostimulating of L1-L5 ventral root was done respectively to decide the predominant nerve of quadriceps femoris. The lumbar 1 ventral root was reveal to little innervation of quadriceps femoris, and the lumbar 3 ventral root was predominant innervation. End-to-end anastomosis between the left L1 and L3 ventral root was done. After axona regeneration, the new paraspinal neural pathway of quadriceps femoris was established. At 6 months postoperatively, the early function of the new pathway was observed by electrophysiological examinations, hindlimb locomotion and BBB (basso, beattie and bresnahan)scale at 1,3,7, 14,21,28 d after SCI. Results Sixteen rats survived for 6 months after operation and only ten rats got good results because of tissue adhesion postoperatively. Single stimuli (2.5 mA,0.2 ms, 1 Hz) of the left anastomoses nerve resulted in action potential recorded from the left quadriceps femoris before and after the spinal cord hemisection horizontally between L2 segmental levels. The amplitudes of the action potentials were (7.63 ± 1.86) mV and (6.00 ± 1.92)mV, respectively, and there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05). The left quadriceps femoris contraction was initiated by single stimuli (2.5mA, 0.2 ms, 1 Hz) of the left anastomoses nerve. After paraplegia, when the right L3 ventral root was stimulated, the amplitude of the action potential was (15.87 ± 1.16) mV. Locomotion of the left hindlimb was partially restored after spinal cord hemisection while creeping and climbing. According to BBB scale, there was significant difference at 1, 3, 7 d, and little difference at 14, 21, 28 d after SCI. Conclusion Spinal ventral roots cross-ananstomosis to reconstruct the paraspinal pathway of quadriceps femoris after SCI is efficient reinnervation of hindlamb muscles in a rat model and may have potential in clinical application.

In recent years,with the increasing of immunocompromised patients in clinical practice,invasive candidiasis has been increased accordingly. Although several antifungal drugs,including polyenes,azoles,5-flucytosine,and echinocandins,have been used widely to treat invasive candidiasis,the treatment failure that caused by the resistance of Candida albicans to these antifungal drugs have been reported widely. Here,we reviewed the molecular mechanisms of resistance to azoles,polyenes,5-flucytosine,and echinocandins,such that to provide an update on these issues.

Objective To study the expression of leptin and long form of leptin receptors (Ob R L) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein in endometrium during mid luteal phase of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Methods The expession of leptin and Ob R L mRNA in endometrium during mid luteal phase from 15 normal controls and 14 PCOS related anovulatory patients who underwent ovulation induction therapy were studied by in situ hybridization, and levels of leptin and Ob R L protein were investigated by immunohistochemical methods Results The expression of Ob R L mRNA and protein in endometrial glands of most patients with PCOS were weak or moderate positive,whereas the levels of Ob R L mRNA and protein were moderate or strong positive in those of the controls,there was significant difference between the two groups; leptin mRNA and protein expression in enodmetrium of patients with PCOS and controls were not significantly different between the groups Conclusion The expression of Ob R L decreased in endometrium of mid luteal phase in patients with PCOS during induced ovulation,which may be related to low pregnancy rate of patients with PCOS.

Objective To observe the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of procalcitonin (PCT),matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in children with purulent meningitis and viral encephalitis,and evaluat the differential diagnosis value of PCT and MMP-9.Methods The clinical data of 73 patients with intracranial infection admitted to neurology of Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital from September 2014 to December 2015.Twenty-two patients with pumlent meningitis were se1ected as purulent meningitis group,51 patients with viral encephalitis as viral encephalitis group,and another 20 non-infectious convulsion children as a control group.Samples of 2 ml CSF and 3 ml venous blood from all the subjects were collected within 24 hours after admission.The levels of MMP-9 were detected by Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),and the PCT 1evels were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.The data in multiple groups were compared with analysis of variance,and by SNK-q test to carry on pairwise comparison among groups.The positive rate significance compared by Chi-square test.Linear correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis.Results Mean serum and CSF levels of PCT in the pumlent meningitis patients group were significantly higher than those in the viral encephalitis group as well as the control group (P ＜ 0.01),but the levels of serum or CSF there were no significant difference between the viral encephalitis group and the control group (P ＞ 0.05);Mean serum and CSF levels of MMP-9 in the pumlent meningitis patients group were significantly higher than those in the viral encephalitis group and control group (P ＜ 0.01),and the levels in patients with viral encephalitis were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.01);The increased percentage of the serum and CSF PCT in pumlent meningitis group were significantly higher than in viral encephalitis group (P ＜ 0.01).,but there were no significant difference for MMP-9 (P ＞ 0.05);The PCT level of serum or CSF in pumlent meningitis patients was positively correlated with MMP-9 (r =0.498,P ＜ 0.01),but there was no significant correlation in viral encephalitis group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Detection of PCT and MMP-9 level is valuable in differential diagnosis for the pumlent meningitis or viral encephalitis.