OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of temozolomide(TMZ)in combination with dexamethasone(DXM)on the proliferation of human gliocytoma U251 cells in vitro.METHODS:Human U251 cells were assigned to 1 of the 3 groups: TMZ(10,25,50,100,200,400?mol?L~(-1),respectively)alone or in combination with 40?mol?L~(-1)DXM(TMZ+DXM group)or control group(none drug).After treatment for 72 hours,the cell morphology,cell inhibition ratio,cell cycle and the apoptotic rate were detected.RESULTS:When TMZ concentration was greater than 100?mol?L~(-1)the cell inhibition ratio was higher in TMZ-treated group than in TMZ+DXM-treated group(P

The event of “diagnosing mental disorder but actually not” violates patients′right of informed con-sent and refused to health , showing some problems of “diagnosing mental disorder but actually not” and mandatory admission process and psychiatric judicial authentication , and also have some ethical problems .Therefore, relevant departments should perfect the laws and regulation , establish a hospitalized psychiatric patients appeal , the appeal channels , at the same time , physicians should follow a correct understanding , respect patients rights , disinterest-ed, the ethical principles of self -supervision and also use constraints should be regulated .

BackgroundWith the number of diabetics increases,people pay more attention to the diabetic keratopathy.The major mechanism leading to diabetic keratopathy is diabetic corneal neuropathy.So it is significant to observe pathologic mechanism of diabetic corneal neuropathy. Objective To investigate the protective effects of edaravone( a free radical scavenger) on corneal nerve of rats with experimental diabetic corneal neuropathy,then explain the effects of oxidative stress in the pathologic mechanism of diabetic corneal neuropathy. Methods Seventy Sprague-Daxley male rats were taken as experimental subjects and 20 of them were used as normal control group.The remaining 50 were induced to be diabetic mellitus by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and divided into 2 groups randomly:edaravone treated group and diabetic control group.In the edaravone treated group,edaravone(0.2 g/L) eye drops were used 3 times a day until the animal was killed.Five rats in each group were sacrificed at 6,8,10 and 12 weeks respectively.Then the corneal sensation,number of corneal nerve fibers,morphology,content of malondialdehyde(MDA) and activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the corneal tissue were detected.ResultsIn the diabetic control group,the corneal sensation and the number of corneal nerve fibers were decreased,the density of neural network for cluster was sparse,the nerve activity was decreased,the content of MDA in the corneal tissue was significantly increased,the activity of SOD in the corneal tissue was significantly decreased (P＜0.01 ).Accompany with the course of disease,the above change was obvious day after day.Compared with the diabetic control group,the corneal sensation and the morphological abnormalities in corneal nerve of edaravone group were improved significantly which had the partial branches to the 12th week,the content of MDA in the corneal tissue was significantly decreased,the activity of SOD in the corneal tissue was significantly increased (P＜0.01).Conclusions Edaravone can lower diabetic corneal nerve of rats with experimental diabetic corneal neuropathyinjury,Oxidative stress may be a critical pathologic mechanism of diabetic corneal neuropathy.

There are one third of synthesized proteins must be secreted to the cell surface or to the surrounding environment to acquire their native functional state. Most of them are exported by Sec translocase (secretion pathway). Sec translocase consists of a membrane embedded protein-conducting channel, termed SecYEG and a peripherally associated motor domain, the ATPase SecA. The SecDFyajC heterotrimeric membrane protein complex can facilitates protein translocation. SecB is a molecular chaperone that functions in the protein translocation pathway. SecM (secretion monitor) encoded by the 5' region of the secM-secA mRNA, which elongation arrest is required for upregulated expression of SecA. The signal sequence in the N terminus of the nascent peptide is first recognized by the signal recognition particle (SRP). SecB, the Sec-system-specific chaperone, channels the preprotein to the Sec translocation pathway and, ad- ditionally, actively targets the bound precursor to the translocase by its ability to bind SecA. The preprotein-bearing SecA then binds to the membrane, at a high-affinity SecA-binding site, SecYEG, which constitutes a channel for polypeptide movement. Continued translocation requires cycles of ATP hydrolysis bySecA, which is thought to occur in a step-wise fashion with a step of 20~30 amino acid residues.

Objective To investigate and to compare the clinical curative efficacies of local anaesthesia and epidural block anaesthesia in tension-free hemioplasties. Methods 89 patients hospitalized were randomly divided in-to two groups, with each of them respectively adopting the two types of anaesthesia methods (local anaesthesia and epidural anaesthesia) to cure inguinal hernia,operation methods is tension-free hernioplasties. Results The results show that in terms of duration of operation, early-phase activities after operation, time of hospitalization, post-opera-tion pains,early-phase complication after operation and treatment expenses etc, local anaesthesia is undoubtedly supe-rior to epidural block anaesthesia. Conclusion Tensioa-free hernioplasties under local anaesthesia is worth clinical promotion to benefit all the patients.

Objective To observe the biomechanics of the anterior and posterior interosseous talo-calcaneal ligaments (ITCLs) . Methods Load-displacement characteristics of the subtalar joint were studied in 12 cadaver specimens whose ankle joints were mutilated. The ankle articular surfaces of the talus and the post-calcaneus were exposed. Bone blocks were then embedded in polymethylmethacrylate. The an-terior ITCLs were abscised in 6 of them, and the posterior ITCLs in the other 6. A multi-functional biome-chanical machine was used to perform the biomechanical tests on the specimens. Results When the anterior ITCLs were cut, the tali moved to the anterior-lateral side. When the posterior ITCLs were cut, the tali mostly moved to the anterior-interior side. Conclusions The anterior and posterior ITCLs have dif-ferent roles in maintaining stability of the subtalar joint. Since the posterior ITCLs seem more important than the anterior ones, they should have priority in ITCL reconstruction.

BACKGROUND:Simple medication therapy can not promote the healing of articular cartilage defects effectively;the insufficient sources of autogenous cartilage also limited cartilage transDlantation.OBJECTIVE:The types of articular cartilage injury and local micro-environment changes were analyzed to summarize the progress of tissue engineered seed cell transplantation and cell transplantation therapy for repairing articular cartilage injury.METHODS:The databases of PubMed database(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/)and CNKI(http://www.cnki.net/)were retrieved with the key words of"Tissue engineering,cell transplantation,articular cartilage defects",and the literature was limited to English and Chinese languages.Studies concerning articular cartilage injury or was closely related to tissue engineered seed cells transplantatiOn were included.Repetitive studies were excluded Survival and migration of seed cells,as well as the recovery of joint function and adverse reactions were served as evaluation index.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 201 literatures were seized by computers,according to the inclusion criteria,papers concerning tissue engineering cells for repairing articular cartilage injury were analyzed.Clinically,articular cartilage damage was commonly resulted by traumatic arthritis,which is difficult to repair due to the poor self-repair capacity of articular cartilage.The emergence of tissue engineered cell transplantation brought new hope for articular cartilage injury healing Cell transplantation has obtained good effects in articular cartilage repair,but the technology is still room for improvement.How to technically improve the tissue-engineered 3 elements,namely,cells,scaffold materials,and biological activity factors were the research focuses.Autologous cartilage regeneration was the theoretical support for articular cartilage defects repairing,which needs to optimize its regeneration and to maintain a more stable chondrocyte phenotype in further research The tissue-engineered cells had received good effects in repairing articular cartilage injury,and it is expected to be a new clinical treatment for articular cartilage injury with the in-depth study of tissue engineering.

BACKGROUND: Early rehabilitation following total knee replacement has arisen more attention. The aim of continuous passive joint motion is to recover knee function, prevent anchylosis, accelerate blood and synovia circulation, therefore, enhance tissue repair. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of continuous passive joint motion following total knee replacement. METHODS: Totally 48 patients, who underwent artificial total knee arthroplasty at the Department of Orthopedics, Center Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai Ruikang Hospital Group and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, 309~(th) Hospital of Chinese PLA between December 2007 and October 2009 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups, with 24 cases in each group. The isometric contraction of qudraceps muscles, combined with physical agent assistant, was performed prior to total knee replacement. Patients in the experimental group was received continuous passive joint motion training at day 2 after operation, with 5°-10°increasing per day. Patients in the control group were treated with conventional methods. The knee functional score, and visual analog scale (VAS) was performed to evaluate knee functions and pains, in addition, perimeter between two legs; and range of motion were measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The knee functional score, VAS, perimeter between two legs, and range of motion were similar prior to and after total knee replacement (P > 0.05). Compared to the control group, the knee functional score of the experimental group was dramatically increased at days 3 and weeks 2 after operation (P < 0.01), the VAS and perimeter between two legs were significantly declined (P < 0.01), the range of motion was obvious improved after replacement, with greater excellent rate (P < 0.01). There was no deep venous thrombosis or infections. The results demonstrated that early rehabilitation following knee replacement is conductive to easing pain, eliminating swelling, and enhancing knee stability.

Objective To explore the clinical features and long-term prognosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)in children, as well as particular quality of life associated with the clinical features and therapeutic options. Methods Seventy patients from August 1997 to August 2007 were retrospectively reviewed and survey was conducted using a questionnaire indicating quality of life(CHAQ questionnaires and CHQ questionnaire, adjusted appropriately) either by phone,letter or out-patient follow-up approach.The manner of correlation and logistic regression was used to analyze quality of life associated with the clinical features and therapeutic options. Results (l)The majority (74.3%) of patients were diagnosed as systemic onset JIA. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient of questionnaire is 0.9599, with a higher inernal consistency reliability. The scales validity also had the higher construction. Sixty nine cases with 76.8 percent of the score showed good quality of life. Quality of life in children less than 5 years old was significantly different from those more than 5-year old( P < 0.05). The rank sum test of single-use NSAIDs group and NSAIDs adding other medicine group suggested that the two groups had differences in quality of life( P = 0.026) .The correlation coefficient between the variables of time from onset to formal treatment and quality of life scores was 0.329( P < 0.05), and "walking"as the dependent variable for the regression analysis showed regression coefficient was 0.15( P = 0.016). The variable grip had the significant relationship with the "disease onset to regular treatment, the initial number of joint involvement" respectively. Conclusion Systemic oneset JIA is the most common type of JIA. Most of JIA patients have a good prognosis.The major factors which may cause the decline in the quality of life are age, duration without therapy after the disease onset,and the compliance to medication.To achieve a better prognosis,more aggressive therapy may be needed and individulized.