Objectives To observe the changes of apoptosis-related proteins during the development of sarcopenia and to explore the effect and mechanism of long-term aerobic exercises and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) on those changes for the natural aging C57BL/6 mice.Methods After 1 week of acclimatization,50 27-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a young sedentary control (YS) group,an old sedentary control (OS) group and an old exercises (OE) group.After the gripstrength was measured the mice from group YS were sacrificed at the age of 28 weeks.The mice from group OE exercised on a fiat treadmill at 12rn/minute for 50 min 3 or 4 times a week for 30 weeks with the intensity of 75％ VO2max.At the age of 60 weeks,the mice of group OS and OE were killed after their grip-strength was measured.The gastrocnemius muscle of each group were isolated and weighted,and the sarcopenia index (SI) was measured.Then the total protein of the gastrocnemius muscle was extracted.HSP70 and cleaved caspase-9 expression were examined.The binding rate of HSP70 and Apaf-1 was measured using Co-Immunoprecipitation.TUNEL staining was performed to detect the apoptosis of the gastrocnemius muscle.Results (1) Compared with group YS,SI of group OS decreased significantly by 23.09％,but significant increase was observed in group OE compared to group OS by 30.48％.(2) The grip strength per gram of body weight of group OS decreased significantly by 42.74％ compared to group YS,while that of group OE increased significantly by 21.51％ compared to group OS.(3) The apoptosis index increases by 475.28％ with age.However,the index decreased by 46.41％ in group OE over group OS.(4) Western blotting showed that the expression of cleaved caspase-9 increased significantly by 45.4％ in group OS compared to group YS,while that of group OE decreased significantly by 33.4％ compared to group OS.(5) The binding rate of HSP 70 with Apaf-1 of group OS decreased significantly by 67.11％ compared to group YS,while that of group OE increased significanlty by 306.31％ compared to group OS.Conclusions (1) Gastrocnemius atrophy occurring to mice of 60 weeks can be significanlty delayed through 30-week exercises training.(2) The increasing apoptosis may be involved in the development of age-related sarcopenia and 30-week exercises can significantly attenuate such apoptosis in rodent skeletal muscle.(3) Aerobic exercises increases HSP70/Apaf-1 interaction,which might play an important role in reducing age-related cellular damage and cell death in the skeletal muscle of rats.

Objective To explore the methodology of skin flap muscle flap (double flaps) and and effect of the double flaps on eyelid bag blepharoplasty.Methods Through lower eyelid incision,skin flap and muscle flap were formed,orbicularis muscle and orbital septum separated between the skin and flaps,direct access to the inferior orbital rim depression.Arcuate edge of the orbicularis muscle was fully stripped and released,especially the orbicularis muscle at the inferior orbital rim periosteal surface.The orbital fat was released,sutured below the inferior orbital rim periosteal surface.The orbicularis muscle flap was designed,lift and fixed to enhance midface to achieve the rejuvenation effect in the lower eyelid region.Results The 36 patients treated had no hematoma and flinch in the lower eyelid.Within 3 to 18 months follow-up,there were no ectropion,and facial nerve damage and other complications.Conclusions Double-flap is a feasible method as it can effectively enhance midface rejuvenation and correct eyelid bags deformity.

Objective To explore a more reasonable and effective therapeutic regimen and evaluate prognostic factors in hepatoblastoma patients after combined therapy.Methods Sixteen patients diagnosed on hepatoblastoma between Jan.2000 and Nov.2007 were reviewed and followed-up.Resection with chemotherapy was taken among 16 cases.Chemotherapy included pre-operation and post-operation.Five cases were cured by transcatheter arterial chemombolization(TACE).Six cases were cured by single chemotherapy(both TACE and single chemotherapy were taken in 2 cases).Five cases weren't cured by pre-operation chemotherapy.Nine cases were subjected to curative resection,3 cases to alleviative resection,2 cases with single chemotherapy,1 case with single TACE,and 1 case refused operation and left hospital.Their mean survival duration was 13.5 months(3-98 months).SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The total survival rate of cases as stage Ⅳ as lower than cases as stage Ⅰ,Ⅱand Ⅲ.Both alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)100 000 ?g/L cases had worse survival rate.The prognosis of mixed type was better than fetal type,embryonal type and anaplasia type.The survival rate of cases with standard chemotherapy was higher than cases with unstandard chemotherapy.And the surgical resection cases had better survival chance than non-surgical resection cases.The survival rate of surgical residual cases was worse than non-surgical residual cases.Conclusions Chemotherapy can improve the total survival rate and long-term survival rate of hepatoblastoma patients.TACE is a safe and effective choice for hepatoblastoma patients.We need to be alert and make the diagnosis as early as possibe,and treat it early and properly.

Objective To explore the association between ACTN3 gene R577X polymorphism and serum lipid levels in an elderly Chinese Han population.Methods This study was based on the ageing arm of The Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study (RtLAS).Genotyping was performed by Taqman MGB method.Lipids includedtotal cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).Cut points of dyslipidemia were based on that reported in the NCEP ATPIII.We explored the associations between R577X polymorphism loci and dyslipidemia by using analysis of covariance and logistic regression analysis.Results Overall 1 618 samples was included (741 males and 877 females) in this study.Covariance analysis found that TC level of RR,XX and RX genotype in the general population were 1.34,1.37,1.43 mmol/L with an increasing trend (P =0.024);TC and LDL-C levels of RR,XX and RX genotype (TC:5.13,5.29,5.43 mmol/L,P =0.004;LDL-C:2.76,2.88,3.00 mmol/L,P =0.004) were significantly different in females.Logistic regression analysis showed that the increased copies of X allele were significantly associated with increased TC and LDL-C levels in the general population and females.For the general population,TC:OR=1.184,95％CI:1.030-1.361,P =0.018;LDL-C:OR =1.334,95％CI:1.101-1.588,P=0.003;For females,TC:OR=1.332,95％ CI:1.102-1.616,P =0.003;LDL-C:OR =1.549,95 ％CI:1.208-1.986,P =0.001.After adjusting for other covariates,the above associations remained significant.Conclusions ACTN3 gcnc R577X polymorphism is associated with plasma TC and LDL-C levels in elderly woman of Han populations in Rugao,China.

In the areas of prevention and life skills counseling for breast cancer, risk assessment and prediction can assist clinicians to decide if chemoprevention or prophylactic surgery is needed or suggestions on improving the quality of life for their clients. Several mathematical models, namely Gail Model, Claus Model, BRCAPRO Model and Cuzick-Tyrer Model etc. have been developed to make predictions, clinically. This paper has reviewed the development, operation, advantage versus disadvantage and areas of application for the four models. Having family history of breast cancer, one subject was calculated on the risks by the four models and different results were found. Up to 45 years old, the accumulative risks from the four models and population risk were 1.9%, 11.8%, 2.5%, 5.0% and i.6%, respectively. To 75 years old, they were 20.2%,32.5%, 13.1%, 25.0% and 8.5%, respectively. The subject had a relatively high breast cancer risk during her lifetime. A new model is supposed to include a variety of important risk factors and to be validated by large scale of case-control samples. Incidence of breast cancer in China had significantly increased during the last ten years, but the research on developing assessment methods of breast cancer risk had never been reported, suggesting that the development of models for Chinese population is necessary.

OBJECTIVETo prepare the nasal thermosensible gels of Chinese medicine Xingbi and study the release mechanism.

METHODThe gels were prepared by using P407 as the gel matrix and P188 and PEG 6000 were used to adjust the gelatination temperature. The formulations were screened by the method of orthogonal test. Mathematic models were used to imitate the drug release.

RESULT20% poloxmar 407, 2% poloxmar 188 and 2% PEG 6000 were suitable to Chinese medicine Xingbi thermosensitive gel in situ. Nasal thermosensible gels of Chinese medicine Xingbi was gelated at the temperature between 32-34 degrees C and the dissolution curves in vitro showed that the drug release could be best described by the Higuchi equation.

CONCLUSIONThe formulation of the nasal thermosensible gels of Chinese medicine Xingbi is reasonable and it is worth doing further research.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Gels ; chemistry ; Humans ; Nose Diseases ; drug therapy ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo explore whether there exists coincidence of the most appearing time of clinical features of liver cancer at different longitude and latitude, according to the law of field equation and the theory of warpage of space time by Einstein.

METHODSThree regions with different longitude and latitude were selected randomly and sampled. There were 36 items altogether, including 12 clinical items, which were used to imitate the yearly cycle cosine curve. The acorphases and the ratioes of amplitudes and means were compared to justifying whether they were in the same range.

RESULTSAll the acorphases of 36 items appeared between -90.1degrees to -207.5 degrees (from april to july), existing in one third of the same range, in which 13 items occurred rhythmly (P<0.05). The image acorphases of liver cancer at the early and middle stage and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase acorphase appeared between -98.5 degrees to -148.2 degrees (from april to may), in which 5 items occurred rhythmly (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONIt is the same mode of the yearly biologcal cycle for liver cancer malignant growth within the most appearing time (from april to july). It will increase the detecting rate of liver cancer at the early and middle stage during this time (especially from april to may).

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; physiology ; Chronobiology Phenomena ; Hepatocytes ; physiology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Mathematical Computing ; Periodicity

Objective: To observe the clinical effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on children with severe burn. Methods: Clinical data of 94 children with severe burn, hospitalized in our burn unit from April 2012 to December 2016, conforming to the study criteria, were retrospectively analyzed. According to the use of rhGH, children were divided into rhGH group (n=50) and control group (n=44). Children in control group received conventional treatment, while children in rhGH group received both conventional and rhGH treatment. The rhGH treatment was started 3 to 5 days post injury in dosage of 0.2-0.4 U·kg^-1·d^-1, by way of subcutaneous injection, and the course of treatment was (11±5) d. The plasma albumin and prealbumin levels, heart rate, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and serum creatinine level in 2 weeks post injury, times of skin grafting operation, hospitalization time, total hospitalization treatment cost, and sepsis and death of children were compared between the 2 groups. Data were processed with independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher′s exact test. Results: (1) In 2 weeks post injury, the plasma albumin level [(36±4) g/L] and prealbumin level [(94±34) g/L] of children in rhGH group were significantly higher than those in control group [(33±4) and (73±20) g/L, t=3.666, 3.401, P<0.05]. (2) In 2 weeks post injury, the heart rate of children in rhGH group was (123±11) times per minute, which was slower than (130±14) times per minute of children in control group (t=2.839, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in ALT level of children between the 2 groups (Z=0.868, P>0.05). The blood creatinine levels of children in the 2 groups were within normal range. (3) The times of skin grafting operation of children in rhGH group was 0.3±0.5, which was significantly less than 0.5±0.6 in control group (Z=2.234, P<0.05). The hospitalization time of children in rhGH group was (22±8) days, which was shorter than (28±10) days in control group (t=2.837, P<0.05). The total hospitalization treatment cost of children in rhGH group was (41±15) thousand yuan, which was significantly less than (53±25) thousand yuan in control group (t=2.878, P<0.05). (4) There were 2 cases of sepsis in control group and 1 case of sepsis in rhGH group, with no significant difference between the 2 groups (P>0.05). No children died in the 2 groups. Conclusions rhGH treatment of children with severe burn can correct post-injury hypoproteinemia, improve cardiac function, reduce the times of skin grafting operation and hospitalization treatment cost, shorten hospitalization time, with no significant effect on kidney and liver function, sepsis, and death.

Objective To discuss the correction of lower baggy eyelid with severe tear trough and eyelid sulcus (groove deformity) and its therapeutic effect.Methods Through incision at the lower eyelid margin,the dissection was performed at the deep surface of the orbicularis muscle to expose the orbital septum and inferior orbital rim periosteum.The orbital fat which was released from orbital septum was repositioned at the inferior orbital rim and fixed on periosteum.If the depression was not completely corrected,the extra orbicularis fixed with periosteum.If the depression was not completely corrected,the extra orbicularis muscle was designed as muscle flap with interior pedicle to further correct the groove deformity.Results 60 cases were treated with no depression or unsmooth deformity.All the cases were followed up for 3-12 months with satisfactory aesthetic effect.Conclusions Orbicularis flap combined with orbital fat reposition is a simple and effective method for correction of tear trough and eyelid sulcus deformity.

Objective：This study was designed to establish and optimize the research methods for proteome,and to analyze the proteome components of human lung squamous carcinoma cell line NCI H520. Methods： A series of methods, including immobilized pH gradient two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(2DE), silver staining, PDQuest 2DE analysis software, peptide mass fingerprint based on matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flying mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) and SWISS PROT database searching, were used to separate and indentify the proteome of human lung squarmous carcinoma cell line NCI H520. Results： The good 2DE pattern including resolution and reproducibility was obtained. After silver staining, the 2DE image analysis by PDQuest 2DE software had detected average of 1146± 116 spots, and 851± 95 spots were matched. The average matching rate was 73.3％ . There had a good reproducibility of spot position in 2DE map, with average deviation in IEF direction of 1.52± 0.22 mm， while in SDS PAGE direction it was 1.97± 0.13 mm. Sixty spots were incised from silver staining gel randomly and digested in gel by TPCKtrypsin. Fifty four peptide mass fingerprints (PMF) maps were obtained by MALDI TOF MS. The typic peptide masses were searched in the SWISS PROT database by PeptIdent software. Forty four proteins were preliminarily identified. Some of them were cell cycle related proteins such as Cyclin H, some were signal transduction related proteins such as mitogen activated protein kinase, protein kinase C and receptor protein tyrosine kinase ERBB 2, some were oncogene related proteins such as Ras related protein RAB 36, etc. Conclusions： The main proteome research system including IPG 2DE, image analysis, MALDI TOF MS derived PMFs and database searching has been established. The data of NCI H520 obtained by above methods will be useful for the establishment of human lung squamous cell proteome database.