Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Drug Therapy ; standards ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans ; Infant ; Pediatrics ; Pharmacology, Clinical ; Pharmacovigilance ; Societies, Pharmaceutical

Objective To analyze the effect of Smad7 on the expression of TGF-?R,R Smads and STRAP in the process of malignant transformation of immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells BEP2D.Methods Cells were cultured and protein were extracted from BEP2D,BERP35T2,BS7 and RS7 cells,then Western blotting was performed to examine the expression level of TGF-?RⅠ,TGF-?RⅡ,Smad2/3,Smad4 and STRAP.(Results) Stable transfection of Smad7 gene led to decreased expression of TGF-?RⅡ and increased expression of Smad2 and STRAP in both BEP2D and BERP35T2 cells.There were no changes in the expression of Smad3 and Smad4.Conclusion Overexpression of Smad7 leads to decreased expression of TGF-?R Ⅱ and increased expression of STRAP in BEP2D and BERP35T2 cells,which could be one of the mechanisms of the malignant transformation of BEP2D cells.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and rules of leukocytopenia induced by essential antipsychotic medi-cines in psychotic in our hospital,and provide reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS:1 345 psychotics received essential antipsychotic medicines from Nov. 2012 to Nov. 2014 in our hospital were collected,and retrospective analysis was adopted to sta-tistically analyze the age,sex and the drug type,dose and treatment time that caused leukocytopenia,symptom duration,white blood cell(WBC)count,clinical manifestation and prognosis. RESULTS:In the 1 345 patients,there were 205 patients with WBC sustained reduction in the process of medication,accounting for 15.24%. The incidence rate of leukocytopenia in patients older than 60 years old reached up to 54.15%;57 patients with leukocytopenia was induced by combination medication,accounting for 20.14% in the total cases of combination medication,and it was significantly higher than the incidence rate of single medication (13.93%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);incidence rate of leukocytopenia induced by the first generation of antipsychotic medicines was 63.36%,which was significantly higher than the second generation(36.64%),the difference was sta-tistically significant(P<0.05);there were 113 patients with the WBC count of 3.0×109-3.9×109 L-1,accounting for 54.63%,com-pared with other WBC count groups,there were significant differences(P<0.05);most of the patients had no discomfort and obvi-ous clinical symptoms,and all patients were improved or recovered after symptomatic treatment. CONCLUSIONS:The incidence rate of antipsychotic in elderly patients with essential antipsychotic medicines is relatively high,and the incidence of antipsychotic is more likely to be caused by combination medication and the first generation antipsychotic medicines. Although leukocytopenia can be cured,it may increase the risk of infection,so blood routine should be regularly checked and paid great attention during treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for determination of Emodin in Yanyan granules.METHODS:The stationary phase was Diamonsil C18(150mm? 4.6mm,5? m)column and the mobile phase was methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid(68∶ 32),with detection wavelength set at 254nm.RESULTS:Within the range of 0.26～ 3.90? g Emodin had a good linearity,and the average recovery was 96.73%(RSD=1.49%).CONCLUSION:The method is accurate,sensitive,reproducible,simple and can be used for the quality control of Yanyan granules.

Objective To realize current status of healthcare-associated infection (HAI)in a neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)of a hospital,and evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention measures.Methods HAI in NICU was monitored,targeted intervention measures were implemented,incidence of HAI before and after inter-vention was compared.Results The implementation rates of intervention measures at intervention stage was higher than that of pre-intervention stage,the difference was significant(all P <0.001 ).Incidence of HAI at intervention stage was lower than that of pre-intervention stage(5.64%[46/816]vs 13.45% [46/342],χ2 =20.12,P <0.001). The main infection site was lower respiratory tract (38.04% [35/92]).Incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-related bloodstream infection after intervention were both lower than pre-intervention stage (0.38‰ vs 3.30‰,0.12‰ vs 1 .18‰,respectively).The main isolated pathogens before and after intervention were both gram-positive bacteria,accounting for 58.09% and 51 .16% respectively.Conclusion Routine HAI monitoring can reflect the weak links in infection control practice,HAI can be controlled effectively by carrying out intervention measures.

BACKGROUND:Diabetes mel itus after kidney transplantation is an important metabolic complication of the transplanted organ, and seriously affects the quality of life and long-term survival rate of patients, which is a risk factor for renal al ograft dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the changes in fasting blood glucose and prognosis of patients who had survived more than 1 year after renal transplantation. METHODS:Total y 42 patients undergoing renal transplantation admitted at Xiantao First People’s Hospital from January 2003 to January 2013, including 7 cases of preoperative diabetes, 11 cases of impaired fasting glucose and 24 cases of normal fasting blood glucose. Fasting blood glucose levels were detected at 1, 7, 14 days and 1, 3, 6, 12 months after renal transplantation, and the survival conditions were also compared among different groups. Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze influential factors of survival in patients undergoing renal transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The fasting blood glucose levels in the diabetes mel itus group were significantly higher than those in the impaired fasting glucose group and normal fasting blood glucose group before and after renal transplantation (P<0.05). The fasting blood glucose levels were increased in al the groups at 1 day after transplantation (P<0.05), and stabilized at 3 months after transplantation. The survival rate was significantly higher in the normal fasting blood glucose group than in the diabetes mel itus and impaired fasting glucose groups after renal transplantation (P<0.05). Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that preoperative fasting blood glucose, age, postoperative tumor and infection were the independent risk factors for death in patients undergoing renal transplantation, among which, postoperative tumor led to the highest death risk ratio that was 2.376. Taken together, preoperative diabetes mel itus has some impacts on renal recipients who survive more than 1 year fol owing transplantation, but postoperative diabetes mel itus had no influence on the survival rate of the patients.

The research on the clinical characteristic and epidemiology in Henoch-Schonlein purpara of children indicates that genetic factors are closely connected with the disease and pathological process.In recent years,molecular biology studies show that C1 GALT1 gene,IL gene,vasomotor and endothelial function regulation genes,angiotensin-converting enzyme gene,angiotensinogen gene,MEFV gene and so on,which have aberrant IgAl giycosylation,are closely related with pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura in children.The paper reviews the progress of genetic mechanism associated with Henoch-Schonlein purpura in recent years.

In recent studies,it has been demonstrated that the clinical efficacy of surfactant is poor for late protein infants.Besides,this kind of infants have not infection or other risk factors that may lead to respiratory distress syndrome(RDS).Thus,it is speculated that the pathogenesis of RDS of late preterm infants is different from preterm infants.New researches show that,as the key point of Lung fluid transport via Epithelium,α-ENaC plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RDS of late preterm infants through the inhibition of lung fluid clearance and activity of surfactant.This review highlights the most important mechanisms of Lung fluid absorption barrier in RDS of late preterm infants.

As one of the chronic diseases,asthma,plays a serious impact on human daily life.Asthma in children has showed an increasing trend in recent years,but the mechanisms of asthma are not yet clear.Studies have found that store-operated calcium entry(SOCE) plays an important role in the physiological activity of the body.The enhanced SOCE activity can promote cell growth,proliferation,and migration of a variety of cell types.SOCE important molecules STIM1 and ORAI1 may be involved in the asthmatic airway occurrence of hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling,and closely to the asthmatic development.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV),a DNA herpusvirusesw,is the most common virus leading to intrauterine infetcion.It is transmitted from mother to fetus through placenta,and the neonates who suffering from congenital symptomatic infections may have sensorineural hearing loss,hepatosplenomegaly,microcephaly,chorioretinitis etc.Studies have suggested that the characters of infections on pregnant women,such as the time of infection,the serological results and virus load in amniotic fluid are associated with the outcome of offsprings.This paper is to review the risk of CMV infections on women at childbearing age,screening of CMV infections on pregnant women and the prenatal diagonosis of fetal CMV infection.