BACKGROUNDAccumulating evidence indicates a potential role of adventitial vasa vasorum (VV) dysfunction in the pathophysiology of restenosis. However, characterization of VV vascularization in restenotic arteries with primary lesions is still missing. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated the response of adventitial VV to vascular injury resulting from balloon angioplasty in diseased arteries.

METHODSPrimary atherosclerotic-like lesions were induced by the placement of an absorbable thread surrounding the carotid artery of New Zealand rabbits. Four weeks following double-injury induced that was induced by secondary balloon dilation, three-dimensional patterns of adventitial VV were reconstructed; the number, density, and endothelial surface of VV were quantified using micro-computed tomography. Histology and immunohistochemistry were performed in order to examine the development of intimal hyperplasia.

RESULTSResults from our study suggest that double injured arteries have a greater number of VV, increased luminal surface, and an elevation in the intima/media ratio (I/M), along with an accumulation of macrophages and smooth muscle cells in the intima, as compared to sham or single injury arteries. I/M and the number of VV were positively correlated (R2 = 0.82, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSExtensive adventitial VV neovascularization occurs in injured arteries after balloon angioplasty, which is associated with intimal hyperplasia. Quantitative assessment of adventitial VV response may provide insight into the basic biological process of postangioplasty restenosis.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Animals ; Male ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; diagnosis ; Rabbits ; Vasa Vasorum ; physiology ; X-Ray Microtomography

PURPOSE: Although the polymorphisms of erythrocyte complement receptor type 1 (CR1) in patients with malaria have been extensively studied, a question of whether the polymorphisms of CR1 are associated with severe malaria remains controversial. Furthermore, no study has examined the association of CR1 polymorphisms with malaria in Chinese population. Therefore, we investigated the relationship of CR1 gene polymorphism and malaria in Chinese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed polymorphisms of CR1 gene rs2274567 G/A, rs4844600 G/A, and rs2296160 C/T in 509 patients with malaria and 503 controls, using the Taqman genotyping assay and PCR-direct sequencing. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the genotype, allele and haplotype frequencies of CR1 gene rs2274567 G/A, rs4844600 G/A, and rs2296160 C/T polymorphisms between patients with malaria and controls. Furthermore, there was no association of polymorphisms in the CR1 gene with the severity of malaria in Chinese population. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that CR1 gene rs2274567 G/A, rs4844600 G/A, and rs2296160 C/T polymorphisms may not be involved in susceptibility to malaria in Chinese population.
Adult ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Erythrocytes/parasitology ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; *Haplotypes ; Humans ; Malaria/ethnology/*genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/*genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/*genetics ; Receptors, Complement/blood/*genetics ; Taq Polymerase

OBJECTIVETo investigate chloride channel 1 (CLCN1) gene mutation and clinical features of 2 Chinese patients with myotonia congenita.

METHODSClinical data of a patient from a family affected with myotonia congenita in addition with a sporadic patient from Fujian province were analyzed. Exons of CLCN1 gene were amplified and sequenced.

RESULTSThe proband from the affected family was found to carry a c.1024G>A heterozygous missense mutation in exon 8, whilst the sporadic patient has carried a c.1292C>T heterozygous missense mutation in exon 11.

CONCLUSIONDetection of CLCN1 gene mutation is an effective method for the diagnosis of myotonia congenita. Exon 8 of CLCN1 gene may be a mutational hotspot in Chinese patients with myotonia congenita.

Adolescent ; Base Sequence ; Chloride Channels ; genetics ; Exons ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Myotonia Congenita ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Pedigree

BACKGROUND:In recent years,the incidence of skeletal muscle injury becomes higher and higher,but the skeletal muscle repair ability is limited;therefore,studies on the molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle repair play a positive role in the treatment of skeletal muscle injury.OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of microRNA in skeletal muscle regeneration.METHODS:C2C12 myoblasts were cyclic stretched in vitro by the Flexercell-5000 flexible device,and the appropriate stretch condition which could induce myogenesis was selected.The microRNA expression alteration during mechanical stretch-induced myoblast myogenesis was explored using high-throughout sequencing,and the differentially expressed microRNAs were further studied by the bioinformatics analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:10％ deformation,0.125 Hz cyclic mechanical stretch could promote myoblast proliferation and increase MyoD and Myogenin expressions in C2C12 myoblasts.MicroRNA expression profile alteration,including the downregulated miR-500-3p/1934-5p/31-3p/378a-5p/3473b/331-3p/5097 and upregulated miR-340-5p/449c-Sp/1941-3p,were all involved in the stretch-mediated myoblast myogenesis,and the MAPK signal pathway seemed to participate in this process.These results suggest that the low frequency of the cyclic mechanical stretch can upregulate the expression levels of myogenic regulatory factors through the alteration of MicroRNA expression,further inducing myogenesis,which the MAPK signal pathway may be involved in.

AIM: To study the chemical constituents of Lomatogonium carinthiacum (Wulfen) Rchb. METHOD: The CHCl3-soluble fraction was separated by chromatography and the structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectral experiments. RESULTS: Two new xanthones, 1, 8-dihydroxy-4, 5-dimethoxy-6, 7-methylenedioxyxanthone (1), 1, 4, 8-trimethoxyxanthone-6-O-β-D-glucoronyl-(1→6)O-β-D-glucoside (2) were isolated from the whole plant of Lomatogonium carinthiacum. CONCLUSION Compounds 1 and 2 are new natural products.
Gentianaceae ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Xanthones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification