Recent studies have demonstrated that intravenous transplantation or local injection of bone marrow cells can induce unexpected changes of their fate. The results of these experiments showed that after transplantation or injecton, some of tissue specific somatic cells such as hepatocytes, skeleton, cardiac muscle cells and brain cells expressed the donor cell-specific genes, such as Y chromosome. There are two hypotheses that can explain this phenomenon. One is bone marrow stem cell transdifferentiation and the other is spontaneous cell fusion.

Exposure to thermal environment is one of the main concerns for manned space exploration. By focusing on the works performed on thermoregulation at microgravity or simulated microgravity, we endeavored to review the investigation on space thermal environmental physiology. First of all, the application of medical requirements for the crew module design from normal thermal comfort to accidental thermal emergencies in a space craft will be addressed. Then, alterations in the autonomic and behavioral temperature regulation caused by the effect of weightlessness both in space flight and its simulation on the ground are also discussed. Furthermore, countermeasures like exercise training, simulated natural ventilation, encouraged drink, etc., in the protection of thermoregulation during space flight is presented. Finally, the challenge of space thermal environment physiology faced in the future is figured out.
Aerospace Medicine ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Environment ; Exercise ; Humans ; Space Flight ; Weightlessness ; Weightlessness Simulation

Humans ; Root Resorption

10 mg/L) and group B(CRP

Objective This study aimed to understand the continuous physiological parameters during sleep under the guidance of Chinese medical theory and clinical practice and to establish the method to diagnose the physical and mental status by analyzing nocturnal sleep data.Methods More than 2000 subjects were recruited in the nocturnal sleep examination using the micro-movement sensitive mattress sleep monitoring system.Based on the analysis of the sleep indices and nocturnal physiological parameters combined with clinical data,a hypothesis was put forward that sleep cycle could reflect the circulation status of qi and blood,as well as some preliminary exploration on revealing the status of qi,blood,yin and yang.Results Sleep structure could reflect the status of qi and blood circulation in different meridians according to the traditional Chinese time unit.Sleep structure and sleep cycle could show corresponding changes if there is morbidity in some meridian,zang-viscera and fu-viscera.Heart rate,respiration rate and other physiological parameters could reflect the alternative predominance of yin and yang.Conclusion Interpreting the physiological parameters during sleep could be a supplementary diagnosis method for Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Phosphines ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; diagnosis ; therapy

Adult ; Diverticulum ; complications ; Echocardiography ; methods ; Heart Diseases ; diagnosis ; Heart Ventricles ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

Objective To study the mechanism of miR?200c in regulating RMP7?induced increases of blood?tumor barrier(BTB)permeability by targeting Ras homolog gene family member A(RhoA). Methods Endogenous expression of miR?200c was detected by real?time PCR in hu?man cerebral microvascular endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3(ECs)after RMP7 treatment. miR?200c mimic and miR?200c inhibitor were transfect?ed into GECs(ECs with U87 glioma cells co?culturing),respectively. Transfection efficiency of miR?200c mimic and miR?200c inhibitor were de?termined by real?time PCR. HRP flux and TEER assays revealed BTB permeability. The protein expression level of RhoA was assessed by West?ern blotting. The distribution of RhoA was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy. RhoA luciferase assays were performed using the Dual?Lucif?erase reporter assay system. Results RMP7 significantly induced a decrease in miR?200c expression in GECs of BTB. miR?200c mimic and miR?200c inhibitor were successfully transfected into GECs. Overexpression of miR?200c inhibited endothelial leakage and restored normal transendo?thelial electric resistance values. Simultaneously ,overexpression of miR?200c significantly reduced the protein expression level of RhoA. In addi?tion,immunofluorescence analysis revealed that the distribution of RhoA in the cytoplasm and nuclei of GECs were decreased in miR?200c mimic group. RhoA was one of the direct targets of miR?200c with the specific binding site being located at the seed sequence. The results of miR?200c si?lencing were opposite to that of the miR?200c overexpression group. Conclusion miRNA?200c regulated RMP7?induced increases in BTB perme?ability by targeting RhoA.

Animals ; Enterovirus A, Human ; genetics ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Humans ; Reverse Genetics ; methods

Objective To investigate protective effects and mechanism of folic acid on brain neural cells in preeclampsia rat model.Methods Adult pregnant Wistar rats were randonly divided into 4 groups (n = 10 in each group).Rats in model group were injected intraperitoneally with homocysteine (Hcy,200 mg · kg-1 · d-1) daily and were injected subcutaneously every other day with monosodium glutamate (MSG,1 g · kg-1 · 48 h-1) from the 10th day of pregnancy to establish the model of preeclampsia. Lowdose folic acid (low dose group 10 ng · kg-1· d-1) and high-dose folic acid (high dose group 20 mg · kg-1 · d-1 ) were given intragastric administration with folic acid tablets dissolved in saline daily at the same time of establishing model.Rats in control group were injected or intragastric administration with the same dose of saline as above up to the 20th day of pregnancy.Brain tissue was fixed on the 20th day of pregnancy, so was that plasma folic acid was measured with automatic electro-chemiluminescence.Rats' immunohistochemical staining.bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression changes were observed by using reverse transcription(RT) -PCR and western blot.Results ( 1 ) Plasma folate concentrations were ( 39.5 ± 3.4 )nmol/L in low dose group and (40.1 ±5.4) nmol/L in high dose group, which were all significantly higher than (26.9 ± 6.7 ) nmol/L in model group( P ＜ 0.01 ).Plasma folate in low dose and high dose group did not show significant difference( P ＞ 0.05 ); ( 2 ) Apoptosis cell were 48.2 ± 9.1 in low dose group and 44.7 ±8.3 in high dose group, which were significantly lower than 75.8 ± 10.1 in model group (P＜0.01).However, apoptosis cell in low dose and high dose group did not show significant difference( P ＞0.05 ) ;(3 )significant difference( P ＞ 0.05 ); (4) bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression were 0.98 ± 0.49 and 0.89 ±0.52 in low dose group and 0.95 ± 0.38 and 0.92 ± 0.47 in high dose group which was significantly higher than 0.62 ± 0.20 and 0.45 ± 0.37 in model group ( P ＜ 0.01 ); bcl-2 expression in low dose and high dose group showed no significant difference ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions Folic acid has a protective role on neural activation and promoting bcl-2 gene and protein expression.