ERCP has become an important method for diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases,but the high incidences of post-ERCP complications(PEP),especially for post-ERCP pancreatitis,have limited its application.Prevention of PEP has become a focus of ERCP-related studies.Current drug prevention of PEP is not satisfactory,and there has not been a single drug which can effectively prevent PEP.In contrast,non-pharmacologic preventive techniques such as pancreatic stent placing and guide wire cannulation have been proven to have prominent effects in preventing PEP,which brings new hopes for PEP prevention.This paper reviews the studies on non-pharmacologic prevention of PEP.

Objective To study the phenolic compounds from Sagina japonica. Methods The separation and purification were carried out by silica gel Sephadex LH-20 gel and RP C-18 colomn chromatography. The structures were identified by spectra. Results Nine phenolic compounds were isolated from S. japonica. They were identified as:p-E-methoxy cinnamic acid methyl ester (Ⅰ),umbelliferone (Ⅱ),7-methoxy coumarin (Ⅲ),5,7-di-hydroxy coumarin (Ⅳ),5,7-di-methoxy coumarin (Ⅴ),cerarvensin-7-O-glucoside (Ⅵ),5,7,2'-trihydroxy-8-methoxy flavone (Ⅶ),5,7-di-hydroxy-8,2'-di-methoxy flavone (Ⅷ),5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6-methoxy flavone (Ⅸ). Conclusion All of these compounds are first isolated from S. japonica.

This paper developed a calculation method to acquire the yield load P of bone plate during four-point bending test. This method is based on the displacement--force (δ-F) curve function f(M)(δ) obtained from the test, each slope of the curve was calculated using piecewise smooth function and the line segment in f(M)(δ) elastic deformation area was searched by setting the minimum slope T. Slope S was obtained through linear fit so as to build parallel displacement function f(L)(δ). Then, approximating intersection point of f(M)(δ) and f(L)(δ) was obtained through linear interpolation. Thus, yield load P was acquired. The method in the paper was loyal to YY/T 0342-2002 regulation and was liable to program calculation. The calculating process was nothing to do with whether the initial point during the test was preloaded or unloaded, and there was no need to correct the original point. In addition, T was set in an ideal fitting level guaranteed by the fitting coefficient of determination R2, and thus S was very close to the real value, and P was with a high accuracy.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Plates ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Posture ; Weight-Bearing

Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Hydroxylamine ; toxicity ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Testis ; cytology ; drug effects

Objective To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of appendix tumor.Methods The clinical data of 58 cases with primary appendiceal tumor were analyzed retrospectively.Results In the 58 cases clinical presentation mimicked acute appendicitis in 22 cases,chronic appendicitis in 15 cases,appendiceal abscess in 12 cases,intra-abdominal mass in 7 cases,and gastrointestinal perforation in 2 cases.Primary appendiceal tumor was diagnosed intraoperatively by intraoperative frozen histopathological examination in 10 cases,and the diagnosis was made by postoperative histopathological examination in the other 48 cases.There was appendiceal carcinoid in 40 cases,adenocarcinoma in 6 cases,mucocele in 2 cases,mucous adenocystoadenoma in 5 cases,pseudomyxoma peritonei in 2 cases,malignant neurilemmoma in 1 case,and malignant lymphoma in 2 cases.Surgical procedures included appendectomy in 6 cases,ileocecal resection in 8 cases,and right hemicolectomy in 44 cases (including right hemicolectomy and intraperitoneal chemotherapy with 5-FU 1 000 mg for pseudomyxoma peritonei in 2 cases).Radical resection was achieved in 55 cases and palliative resection in 3 cases.The 2 cases with pseudomyxoma peritonei died of tumor recurrence at 36 months and 54 months after operation respectively.All the 5 cases of adenocystoadenoma and 2 cases of appendix cyst survived without an evidence of recurrence.7 of 49 cases of malignant appendiceal tumor suffered recurrence postoperatively,the recurrence rate was 14％,which included liver metastasis in 4 cases and intraperitoneal recurrence in 3 cases.The 1,3,5-year survival rates of malignant appendiceal tumors were 100％ (49/49),92％ (35/49) and 80％ (39/49),respectively,which were 100％,98％ and 92％ for carcinoid,and 100％,67％ and 33％ for adenocarcinoma,respectively.Conclusions The preoperative diagnosis of primary appendiceal tumor is very difficult,the intraoperative frozen histopathological examination is helpful for diagnosis,the prognosis of appendiceal carcinoid is fair after resection.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that the well combination of decellularized matrix and appropriate seeded cells could construct a tissue-engineered kidney.OBJECTIVE: To review advances in kidney tissue engineering and decellularized matrix.METHODS: The first author retrieved CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases for articles addressing kidney tissue engineering published from January 1996 to April 2016. The key words were decellularized matrix,extracellular matrix,tissue engineering, kidney, seeded cells in English and Chinese,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The decellularized matrix loses its immunogenicity due to the removal of cellular components, while it retains the important bioactive components of the extracellular matrix and the ultrastructure of the tissues and organs, making it more and more important in kidney tissue engineering. The decellularized matrix especially exerts an important role in the tissue-engineered construction of the entire kidney as driven by recently emerging all-organ acellular cell technology. Remarkable advances in kidney tissue engineering and decellularized matrix have been made in recent years, and realized the construction of a certain functional tissue-engineered kidney. However, there are still many challenges on the way to construct a completely functional tissue-engineered kidney.BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that the well combination of decellularized matrix and appropriate seeded cells could construct a tissue-engineered kidney.OBJECTIVE: To review advances in kidney tissue engineering and decellularized matrix.METHODS: The first author retrieved CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases for articles addressing kidney tissue engineering published from January 1996 to April 2016. The key words were decellularized matrix,extracellular matrix,tissue engineering, kidney, seeded cells in English and Chinese,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The decellularized matrix loses its immunogenicity due to the removal of cellular components, while it retains the important bioactive components of the extracellular matrix and the ultrastructure of the tissues and organs, making it more and more important in kidney tissue engineering. The decellularized matrix especially exerts an important role in the tissue-engineered construction of the entire kidney as driven by recently emerging all-organ acellular cell technology. Remarkable advances in kidney tissue engineering and decellularized matrix have been made in recent years, and realized the construction of a certain functional tissue-engineered kidney. However, there are still many challenges on the way to construct a completely functional tissue-engineered kidney.

Objective:To observe the influence of schisandrone on the levels of IL-1? and iNOS mRNA in the hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer-like disease(AD) and to investigate the probable prevention and therapy effect of schisandrone on AD. Methods: Totally 30 male SD rats, 8-12 weeks old, weighing 250-300 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups: blank control group,AD model group and schisandrone intervention group(n=10). The animal model of AD was established by 10 mmol/L amyloid-beta protein(A? 25-35 ) 5 ?l stereotactic injection into lateral cerebral ventricle of rats and the rats of schisandrone intervention group were administrated with corn oil with 1 mmol/L schisandrone. And then the levels of IL-1? and iNOS mRNA in the hippocampus were detected by RT-PCR. Results: The levels of IL-1? and iNOS mRNA in the hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer-like disease (0.333 7?0.122 3, 0.266 6?0.088 5) decreased obviously after administration of schisandrone (0.969 3?0.153 9, 0.666 0?0.121 1)(P

Objective To observe the role of baicalin on the expression of phosphorylated protein of signal transduc-ers and activators of transcription signaling proteins (STATs) during the process that neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiating into neurons. Methods NSCs were isolated from the embryonic cerebral cortex of the 14-15-day pregnant SD rats, which were cultured and passaged in vitro. The 3rd generation of NSCs was used in the experiment. NSCs were randomized into nat-ural differentiation control group, three different doses of baicalin groups (7.5μmol/L, 15μmol/L and 30μmol/L), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)+basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) group and baicalin+LIF+bFGF group. After 6 d culture in vi-tro, the immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expressions of microtubule-associated protein 2(MAP-2) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in different groups. The expression levels of phosphorylation protein of STAT 3 in NSCs were detected by Western blotting method after 2 h and 6 d of culture. Results The expression of MAP-2 in NSCs was in-creased by baicalin, but the expression of GFAP in NSCs decreased. The expression of GFAP in NSCs was enhanced in LIF+bFGF group, which was inhibited by baicalin+LIF+bFGF. The phosphorylation level of STAT3 in NSCs was downregulat-ed by baicalin, but the phosphorylation level of STAT3 was upregulated in LIF+bFGF group. The upregulated phosphoryla-tion level of STAT3 was inhibited in baicalin+LIF+bFGF group(P＜0.05). Conclusion Baicalin can induce NSCs to dif-ferentiate into neurons, which may be caused by the downregulation of the phosphorylation level of STAT3 in NSCs.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of different operation methods on the residual amount of docetaxel. METH-ODS:60 Docetaxel injections were selected and divided into two groups,i.e. standard operation method was adopted in group A (30 injections),and clinical common operation method was used in group B(30 injections). Docetaxel injections were placed for 5,10 or 15 minutes respectively,and drained. Residual liquid was collected to calculate residual amount. The difference of residual amount,due to preparation method and standing time,were compared between two groups. RESULTS:After placing for 5,10 or 15 min,the volume and amount of residual liquid in group B were significantly higher than in group A(P<0.05). In same group, the volume and amount of residual liquid after placing for 10 and 15 min were all lower than that after placing for 5 min(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the volume and amount of residual liquid after placing for 15 min were lower than that after placing for 10 min(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The standard operation of pharmacy dispensing staff is very important to reduce the residual amount of docetaxel,and guarantee safe,effective and sufficient medication. It is suggested that clinical staff should abide by standard opera-tion method.

Objective To observe the influence of Buyang Huanwu Decoction ( BYHWD) on the inhibition of rat myocardial H9C2 cell activity and SH2-containing tyrosine phosphatase-1 ( SHP-1) activity induced by trastuzumab, and to explore the possible regulatory mechanism after observing the intervention of BYHWD on rat myocardial H9C2 cell transfected with SHP-1 or SHPC/S-1 gene. Methods The eukaryotic expression vectors pcDNA3.1 (+)- SHP-1 and pcDNA3.1 (+) -SHPC/S–1 were constructed and then were transfected to rat myocardial H9C2 cells using the method of liposome transfection. The cells with positive clones were screened out with G418, and then were cultured with trastuzumab for maintaining growth. Using quantitative RT-PCR, we detected the expression of SHP-1 gene and SHPC/S - 1 gene in rat myocardial H9C2 cells. The phosphatase activity analysis was used for observing the regulatory effect of BYHWD on SHP-1 in myocardial cells. Furthermore, we observed the apoptosis of rat myocardial H9C2 cells by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay after treatment with BYHWD. Results Sequencing results indicated the successful construction of eukaryotic expression vectors, which had stable expression in myocardial H9C2 cells even under the intervention of trastuzumab. The results of phosphatase analysis showed that H9C2-SHP-1 had the highest activities of phosphatase, but the activities were decreased after the intervention with BYHWD ( P<0.05) . The results of MTT assay also showed the apoptotic rate of H9C2-SHP-1 cells was decreased after treatment with BYHWD ( P <0.05) . Conclusion BYHWD can promote the proliferation of myocardial H9C2 cells inhibited by trastuzumab, and can regulate the expression of SHP-1 in myocardial cells, which will supply reference to the further study of treatment of trastuzumab-induced cardiac toxicity.