OBJECTIVE:To review the status quo and problems in the study of TCM formula granule.METHODS:Recent literature concerning the preparation technology and the normalization of quality criteria,etc.of TCM formula granule reported were reviewed and analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:TCM formula granule was of many merits such as safe and sani-tary,accurate in dosage measurement,portable etc.However,there are also some problems yet to be solved.

Objective To explore the correlation factors of hospital stay and hospitalization costs among patients with acute ischemia stroke (AIS). Methods The clinical data of the patients with first diagnosis of AIS at Peking University Third Hospital in China from January 1 , 2012 to December 31 , 2012 were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the correlation factors of hospital stay and hospitalization costs using univariate analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results The study involved 496 patients, with a mean age of 63.38 years (range:26~88 years). Multivariate regression analysis showed the significant impact factors for LOS were age, pneumonia, the total score on NIHSS, medication for secondary prevention and stroke subtype. The significant impact factors for cost of hospital stay were payment method, stroke subtype, age, the total score on NIHSS and medication for secondary prevention. Conclusions Age, pneumonia, the total score on NIHSS, stroke treatment and its subtypes are the significant impact factors affecting hospital stay. Payment method, stroke subtype, age, the total score on NIHSS and medication for secondary prevention are the significant impact factors affecting costs of hospitalization.

Objective To evaluate the effect of malaria control in Shayang County from 1995 to 2014,so as to provide the evidence for the strategy revision of the elimination of malaria prevention and control. Methods The data of malaria surveil?lance were collected and analyzed in Shayang County from 1995 to 2014. Results During the 20 years,582 malaria patients(9 imported patients)were reported. The average annual incidence rate was 0.53/ten thousand. Through the comprehensive preven?tion and control measures,the incidence of malaria decreased from 2.30/ten thousand in 1997 to 0.02/ten thousand in 2010,and the decreasing rate was 99.13% . The proportion of malaria cases in the total infectious diseases cases also decreased from 21.23% in 1997 to 0.07% in 2010,and the decreasing rate was 99.67%. There were no local malaria patients from 2010 to 2014. However,the imported malaria patients were increased year by year during the recent years. Conclusions This county has reached the national malaria control and elimination standards,and the malaria control work has been transferred from the con?trol period to the elimination phase. We should implement the prevention and control measures and strictly control imported ma?laria,so as to consolidate the malaria control results.

Objective To observe and evaluate the clinical effects of thymosin ?1 on gastrointestinal carcinoma in elderly patients.Methods Ninety-six aged patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma in the General Hospital of PLA,who had received chemotherapy,were randomly divided into two groups(n=48 for each group): control group and treatment group.Patients in the treatment group received thymosin ?1 by subcutaneous injection in a dose of 1.6mg,the treatment was given once every other day and the whole course lasted for 8 weeks;while patients in the control group received physiological saline solution in the same amount only instead of thymosin.For the patients in both groups,the activities of peripheral blood T cell subsets,such as CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ and natural killer(NK),were measured by flow cytometry before the treatment and in the 2nd,4th,8th week of chemotherapy.The life quality of every patient was evaluated by Karnofsky scores at the same time.Results After the treatment,the Karnofsky scores in the treatment group were much higher than that in the control group(P

The cause of dilated cardiomyopthy (DCM) has not been elucidated yet .The poor prognosis and lack of specific and effective treatment became a serious health problem .Therefore to establish animal models of DCM to study the pathogenesis and treatment is necessary and urgent .At present the molding method of DCM mainly includes drug induction, immunological induction and molecular biology , etc.This article reviews the mature and commonly used establishing methods and mechanism of DCM models .

80 NSTE-ACS patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control group and the therapy group (40 cases in each group). The therapy group was treated with Tirofiban besides the conventional treatment which received by the control group. The level of HIF-1α and hs-CRP was detected immediately, 12, 24, 48 h,and 7 d after hospitalization. The HIF-1αlevel of both group increased in the first 12 hours and then decreased gradually to the baseline in 7 days. The hs-CRP level of both group increased gradually and reached its peak after 24 h after hospitalization, then decreased. Compared with the control group, the level of HIF-1α and hs-CRP decreased sig-nificantly at 12, 24, 48 h and 7 d after hospitalization in the therapy group.

Objective: To study the influence of clinicopathologic factors on the recurrent pattern of colorectal cancer after radical treatment. Methods: There were 464 consecutive patients with colorectal cancer treated with radical surgery between January 1998 and December 2002 in our hospital. The clinicopathologic features of 90 patients with relapse of colorectal cancer after radical surgery were analyzed. According to the interval between radical surgery and recurrence, these 90 patients were divided into subgroups, the early recurrent group (within 30 months after surgery) and the late recurrent group (more than 30 months after surgery). Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis, and the Logistic regression model was performed for multivariate analysis. Result: There were 78 (86%) patients in the early recurrent group and 12 (14%) patients in the late recurrent group. The median time of recurrence was 17.4 months. The median recurrent time in stage I patients was 35.1 months, 13.6 months in stage II patients, and 12.9 months in stage III patients, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the depth of penetration, the number of positive lymph nodes, and the gross appearance of tumor were predictors for early recurrence. Multivariate analysis revealed that the depth of penetration (T category) of the primary tumor significantly predicted for early recurrence (P= 0.049). Conclusion: A great proportion of recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer occurred within 30 months after radical treatment, but the late recurrence which occurs at more than 30 months after radical surgery should not be neglected. Patients with different patterns of recurrence had different intervals between radical surgery and recurrence. DM (distant metastasis) occurs earlier than LR (local recurrence). The depth of penetration of the primary tumor is an independent predictor for early recurrence of colorectal cancer patients after radical surgery.

AlM: To observe the influence ofphacoemulsification on corneal endothelial cell in patients with the different level of HbA1c.METHODS:With case-control study, 164 eyes from 115 cataract patients were divided into four groups according to the preoperative HbA1c level. Control group A: 43 eyes from 30 cases without diabetes ( HbA1c≤6. 5%). Diabetes groups:group B was consisted of 38 eyes from 26 cases(HbA1c≤6. 5%), 40 eyes of 28 case was in group C (6. 5% 8. 0%). Corneal endothelial microscopy was used to detect the parameters like endothelial cell density ( CD ) , coefficient of variation ( CV ) , percentage of regular hexagonal cells (6A) between pre-operation and post-operation at 1d, 1, 2wk, 1mo. The results were analyzed.RESULTS: The endothelial cell density, CV and 6A cell had no significant difference in four groups before treatment (P>0. 05). The CD and 6A were decreased and CV was increased in all groups after operation of 1d, 1, 2wk and 1mo. The difference was statistically significant (P< 0. 05). There were statistical differences of 6A and CV in diabetes groups compared with control group ( P<0. 05). The decreasing of CD between group A and group B had no difference (P>0. 05). There were statistical differences of CD in group C and group D compared with group A (P<0. 05). There were statistical differences of CD, 6A and CV within diabetes groups (P<0. 05). CONCLUSlON: Cataract phacoemulsification had certain degree damage on corneal endothelial cell. Corneal endothelial appeared the minimal injury when the postoperative HbA1c≤6. 5%. For diabetic cataract patients, the higher HbA1c before, the heavier damaged after the surgery.

Objective: To study the intrarenal expression of Fas ligand (FasL) and T cell intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) protein during acute rejection after renal transplantation. Methods: Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect FasL and TIA-1 expression in 32 transplanted renal samples,2 living donor kidneys and 8 adjacent samples of renal cancer (including 14 acute rejection samples, 15 chronic and 13 non-rejection ones according to Banff criteria). Results: The positive FasL staining was observed mainly in cytoplama of renal tubule epithelia, and the positive rate was significantly higher in acute rejection samples than in others(P<0.01). TIA-1 was found in both tubular epithelial cells and interstitial infiltrating lymphocytes, occasionaly in small arterial endothelial cells. The positive staining rate of TIA-1 acute rejection samples was also higher than those of other samples(P<0.05). The expression of FasL and TIA-1 in acute rejection samples was positively correlated with the severity of tissue damages. Conclusion: Over expression of FasL and TIA-1 in acute rejection renal allograft tissues may indicate the activation of T cells,and its detection may be helpful for early diagnosis of acute rejection.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of CT staging for esophageal cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis of 304 patients treated,from Jan. 1996 to Dec. 1998 chiefly with radiotherapy(126 conventional radiotherapy,55-65 Gy/27-35 fx/5.5-7.0 w;178 late-course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy ,55-60 Gy/33-36 fx/ 4.5 -5.5 w)complete with CT data before treatment was done. The long survival was compared with pre-therapy CT findings and CT staging. ResultsThe survival rate of stage T1+T2 was very significantly different from those lesion with stage T3,T4(? 2=12.90,P0.05).The survival rates of patients positive for lymph nodes or distant metastasis were lower. Conclusion CT staging is quite optimal for non-operable esophageal cancer in clinical staging,as it is conducive to predict the prognosis.