Objective To study the characteristics of brain function in different cognitive states.Methods Fifty mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients admitted to our hospital from August 2012 to August 2014 served as a MCI group and 45 elderly people undergoing physical examination served as a control group in this study.The electroencephalography (EEG) signals of patients were recorded for 5 minutes in cognitive load state with their eyes closed.The Lemple-Zie complexity (LZC) was assayed and analyzed.Results The LZC in different brain regions was significantly higher in control group than in MCI group (P＜0.05).The decreasing amplitude of LZC on leads T3,FP1,FP2,F3,F4,P3,P4 was significantly greater (＞20％) in MCI group than in control group (P＜0.01).No significant difference in LZC was found in rest state and cognitive load state between the two groups (P＞0.05).The LZC was significantly lower and the decreasing amplitude of LZC on leads F7,F8,T3,T4,FP1,FP2,F3,F4,P3 was significantly greater in cognitive load state than in rest state in MCI group (P＞0.05).Conclusion The changing LZC can show the brain function and can thus be used an objective EEG nonlinear detection method of cognitive function.

Lymphoid-specific tyrosine phosphatase (LYP) is a phosphatase that is encoded by protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 and is mainly distributed in lymphoid. In psychological condition, LYP inhibits T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling in association with C-terminal kinase (CSK). While in pathological condition, mutant LYP dissociates with CSK, which augments the inhibition of TCR signaling and leads to autoimmune diseases. Consequently, LYP is now considered as a new target of type I diabetes, rheumatic arthritis and Graves disease and some other autoimmune disorders. This review mainly focuses on the development of LYP inhibitors in their structures and activities.

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)among close contacts of positive etiology pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)patients,provide basis for formula-ting intervention measures for LTBI.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select close contacts of positive etiology PTB patients from 39 districts and counties in Chongqing City as the study objects.Demographic information was collected by questionnaire survey and the infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected by interferon gamma release assay(IGRA).The influencing factors of LTBI were analyzed by x2 test and binary logistic regression model.Results A total of 2 591 close contacts were included,the male to female ratio was 0.69∶1,with the mean age of(35.72±16.64)years.1 058 cases of LTBI were detected,Myco-bacterium tuberculosis latent infection rate was 40.83％.Univariate analysis showed that the infection rate was dif-ferent among peoples of different age,body mass index(BMI),occupation,education level,marital status,wheth-er they had chronic disease or major surgery history,whether they lived together with the indicator case,and whether the cumulative contact time with the indicator case ≥250 hours,difference were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05);infection rate presented increased trend with the increase of age and BMI(both P＜0.001),and decreased trend with the increase of education(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age 45-54 years old(OR=1.951,95％CI:1.031-3.693),age 55-64 years old(OR=2.473,95％CI:1.279-4.781),other occupations(OR=0.530,95％CI:0.292-0.964),teachers(OR=0.439,95％CI:0.242-0.794),students(OR=0.445,95％CI:0.233-0.851),junior high school education or below(OR=1.412,95％CI:1.025-1.944),BMI＜18.5 kg/m2(OR=0.762,95％CI:0.586-0.991),co-living with indicator cases(OR=1.621,95％CI1.316-1.997)and cumu-lative contact time with indicator cases ≥250 hours(OR=1.292,95％CI:1.083-1.540)were the influential fac-tors for LTBI(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The close contacts with positive etiology PTB have a high latent infection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis,and it is necessary to pay attention to close contacts of high age,farmers,and frequent contact with patients,and take timely targeted interventions to reduce the risk of occurrence of disease.