AIM: To observe the pathological role of 3-nitrotynosine (3-NT) on Escherichia coli LPS-induced vascular hyporeactivity in rats and the therapeutic effect of antioxidants. METHODS: Forty male SD rats weighting from 200 g to 250 g were randomly divided into four groups: the control group (n=10); LPS shock group (n=10); uric acid-treated group (n=10); melatonin-treated group (n=10). 6 h after LPS shock, phenylephrine (0.5-2.5 ?g?kg -1) was applied intravenously to all groups and the percentage increase in MAP was detected, respectively. The concentration-response curve of aorta rings from all groups rats were obtained by cumulative addition of phenylephrine (PE), and PE E_ max, EC_ 50 were calculated. The concentrations of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrate/nitrite and 3-NT were assayed in all groups 6 h after LPS shock. RESULTS: The MAP level induced by PE significantly decreased to 54.60% in LPS shock rats compared with the control (P

This paper aims at investigating the content of classroom-texture of the teaching cases in analytical chemistry and the basic patterns in the organization aching.Case-study method adopted in the teaching of analytical chemistry can help to train students' ability of analyzing and solving practical problems,hence motivating their comprehensive qualities.

Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanism of Ginseng polysaccharides (GPS) on glycosaminoglycan synthesis in rat chondrocytes in vitro.Methods:Chondrocytes isolated from knee joint cartilage of rats were subcultured.After monolayers were established,chondrocytes induced by 20 ng·ml-1 IL-1β were treated with GPS respectively at the concentration of 2,10 and 50 ng ·ml-1for 48 h.The effects of GPS on chondrocytes were analyzed using MTT assay for chondrocyte proliferation and 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue assay for GAG content.mRNA content in xylosyltransferase-Ⅰ(XylT-Ⅰ),galactosyltransferase-Ⅰ(GalT-Ⅰ),galactosyltransferase Ⅱ(GalT-II) and galactose-β-1,3-glucuronosyltransferase Ⅰ(GlcAT-Ⅰ) and that in matrix-degrading enzymes matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP-3) and aggrecanase-1and aggrecanase-2 was also detected.Results:GPS had no toxic or proliferating effect on chondrocytes at all observed concentrations.GPS at the concentrations of 10 ng·ml-1 and 50 ng·ml-1 up-regulated GAG synthesis (P<0.01).10 ng·ml-1 GPS enhanced the mRNA expression of XylT-Ⅰ (P<0.01),and 50 ng·ml-1 GPS enhanced the mRNA expression of XylT-Ⅰ,GalT-Ⅰ and GalT-II (P<0.05,P<0.01).GPS did not inhibit the mRNA expression of matrix-degrading enzymes MMP-3 and aggrecanase-1and aggrecanase-2 enhanced by IL-1β.Conclusion:GPS can improve GAG synthesis in IL-1β stimulated chondrocytes in vitro,which is due to the expression promotion of GAG synthesis enzymes without the expression inhibition of matrix-degrading enzymes.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) generally occurs in older patients, however the proportion of young patients with CRC is increasing in recent years, which has drawn lots of scholar′s attention, but their research results were controversial. The current literature from several fields, including clinicopathological characteristic of young CRC patients, the optimal age cutoff between young and elder CRC patients, and the prognosis, early screening and diagnosis in young CRC patients will be reviewed.

Objective To explore the causes of misdiagnosis through clinical data analysis of primary Sjogren syndrome ( PSS) patients misdiagnosed as primary hypothyroidism disease.Methods The clinical data of 34 cases with primary Sjogren syndrome ( pSS ) who were misdiagnosed as primary hypothyroidism were retrospectively analyzed.The misdiagnosis reason was analyzed.Results In 34 patients,a total of 14 patients with primary hypothy-roidism could not explain the clinical signs and symptoms, included dry mouth, dry eyes, recurrent parotid gland enlargement,both hands reynolds phenomenon, purpura like rash and joint pain in the lower extremities.A total of 20 patients with primary hypothyroidism could not be explained by an auxiliary examination abnormality, including ESR,IgG,IgM or IgA increased,white blood cells and platelets,low blood potassium,pulmonary CT suggest interstitial lung disease,ANA (+) (>1:40),RF(+)(>1:20).Conclusion pSS misdiagnosis for hypothyroidism is not uncommon.Department of Endocrinology physicians should pay special attention to hypothyroidism can not explain the symptoms and auxiliary examination abnormal, make the necessary differential diagnosis to reduce the misdiagnosis rate.

Objective To investigate the effective nursing measures of reducing the complications of intratra-cheal suction about mechanical ventilation patients to improve airway nursing quality. Methods 80 patients with ar-tificial air passage mechanical ventilation were divided into Control group (Group one, 40 cases) and Testing group (Group two, 40 cases) randomly. In the control group, suck at regular time after injecting normal saline solution in-to the in-airway (in order to diluted the sputum). There are improvement that nursing measures in testing group. For sample, suck sputums according to demands, choose appropriate sucking sputums tube, control the deepth of sucking sputum tube, adjust the negative pressure based on the deepth of sucking sputum tube, give pure oxygen two to three minutes before and after the suction, strengthen the airway humidfication, lubricate the sucking sputum tube with chlorotetracycline eye ointment, etc. Complications of intratracheal suction were compared in two groups. Results The comparison showed that the complications have a significant statistical difference in sputum obstruction, SpO2 de-scending to 80 percent and below during suction and airway mucous membrane traumatic hemorrhage. (P < 0.01). Conclusion The improved intratracheal suction will decrease the complications obviously like sputum obstruction, SpO2 reducing to 80 percent and below during suction and airway mucous membrane traumatic hemorrhage.

Objective We aimed to develop a safe, comfortable and effective perineal washer, which prevent perineum wound from infection and improve the healing of perineal wound. Methods The perineal washer was made from high polymer medical material, including two metal catheters, pressing gasbag, medical yoke and dicty blow head. We divided women patients after vagina delivery with perineum wound or after caesarean section into the observation group and the control group randomly with 120 cases in each group from Janurary to October 2007. The control group was given perineal washing by routine washing pot and cotton ball with forceps. The observation group received perineal washing by perineal washer with cleaning fluid and was scrubbed by sponge brash. The elimination of wood swelling, the healing of perineum healing, the urinary infection for patients with indwelling urinary catheterization and patients comfort degree were observed in the two groups. Results Statistical difference existed between the two groups in such aspects, elimination of wound swelling wound healing urinary tract infection and patients comfort degree, P<0.05 or P<0.01. Conclusions Adoption of self designed perineal washer accompanied with sponge brush could completely delete bacteria and inflammatory secretion deep in the vagina and prevent the incidence of infection. It not only could hasten the elimination of wound swelling, alleviate the pain and wound healing, but also was easily developed and portable to use. It provided a new and effective method for perineal washing and is worth clinical application.

Idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor (IOIP) is a common ophthalmic disease that severely damages the visual acuity and countenance of the patient,its etiology and pathogenesis are unclear.Many hypotheses have been proposed,including infection,autoimmunity and neuroendocrine mechanism,etc..These hypotheses reflect certain aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of IOIP and provide information for further understanding of the disease.The research progression in the etiology and pathogenesis of IOIP was reviewed.

In recent years,immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-related disease) has received increasingly attention in medical community as a novel clinical entity.Although its clinical manifestation varies,high serum IgG4 concentration and numerous IgG4-positive plasma c(c)ll infiltration are the common characteristics.IgG4-related disease involves many human organs,and most one is pancreas,followed by parotid gland,bile duct,liver,lung,lymph node and so on,and orbital involvement is relatively rare.Current initial research shows that there is certain association between orbital disease with IgG4,and these diseases mainly include benign lymphoepithelial lesion,idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor,Castleman ' s disease,xanthogranuloma,Rosai-Dorfman disease etc..The researching progression in the relationship between IgG4 and orbital diseases is reviewed.

Idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor (IOIP) is a common ophthalmic disease with uncertain etiology and pathogenesis.It charactarized by chronic inflammatory cell infiltration and connective tissue proliferation.At present,its clinical treatments mainly include pharmacotherapy,radiation therapy and surgery,and the primary treating drugs include glucocorticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents.The mainstay of therapy is systemic glucocorticosteroids,although there is an increasing trend toward the use of alkylating agents,antimetabolites,monoclonal antibodies and other immunosuppressive agents.The progress in clinical treatment of IOIP was reviewed.