Background It is essential to measure and assess the parameters of ocular anterior segment for refractive surgery in myopic eyes.Some different imaging devices can be used for biometric measurement of ocular anterior segment,but which is more accurate and convenient is still under investigation.Objective This study was to compare the anterior segment parameters in myopic eyes measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT),Orbscan topography and ultrasonic pachymetry (US).Methods One hundred and forty eyes of 70 myopic subjects with the diopter of-0.75 to-10.25 D,who intended to receive corneal refractive surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from November 2011 to May 2012,were retrospectively analyzed.Central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured using AS-OCT,Orbscan Ⅱ and US,respectively,and anterior chamber depth (ACD) was measured by AS-OCT and Orbscan Ⅱ,and the angle to angle (ATA) distance and corneal white-to-white corneal distance (WTW) were measured by AS-OCT and Orbscan Ⅱ,respectively.The parameters from different apparatuses were statistically compared.Results The mean CCT were (516.57±30.25) μm in AS-OCT,(523.68±31.87) μm in US and (514.69±38.40) μm in Orbscan Ⅱ,without significant difference among them (F =2.775,P =0.063).Then the patients were divided into three groups based on the US measurement of CCT (＜500 μm group,500-569 μm group,and ≥ 570 μm group).In the ＜500 μm group,there was a significant difference in the CCT among the three methods (F =22.236,P =0.000),significant differences were found between AS-OCT and Orbscan Ⅱ,or Orbscan Ⅱ and US(both at P＜0.05).In the 500-569 μm group,there was no significant difference in the CCT among the three methods (F =3.011,P =0.051).In the ≥ 570 μm group,there was a significant difference in the CCT among the three methods (F =4.133,P =0.021),a significant difference was found between AS-OCT and US(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between AS-OCT and Orbscan Ⅱ (P＞0.05).The ACD values measured by AS-OCT was (3.83±0.21) mm,which was higher than (3.75 ± 0.21) mm by Orbscan Ⅱ,with a significant difference between them (t =-8.520,P =0.000).In addition,the ATA value by AS-OCT (12.43 mm±0.74 mm) was higher than the WTW value (11.42 mm±0.33 mm) by OrbscanⅡ,with a significant difference between them(t=-18.088,P=0.000).Conclusions AS-OCT,US and Orbscan Ⅱ can offer accurate CCT value,and they can provide references to one another before refractive surgery.However,the ACD,ATA and WTW values by AS-OCT and Orbscan]Ⅱ have large differences.

Objective To compare the effect of using ambroxol hydrochloride combined with co-xuanju capsule,co-xuanju capsule and ambroxol hydroehloride in the treatment of semen liquefaction.Methods Sixty semen liquefaction patients were divided randomly into three groups.Clinical trials involving 20 who received ambroxol hydrochloride+co-xuanju capsule(group A),20 co-xuanju capsule(group B) and 20 ambroxol hydrochloride(group C),were carried out for 3 months.The changes of semen liquefaction time and semen quality were measured and assayed before and after treatment Results Compared withpretherapy,various parameters in the semen quality and semen liquefaction time after treatment all had a significantly difference in every group,and the patients of semen liquefaction time less than 60 minutes were 17 in group A,11 in group B and 14 in group C respectively.The results of semen liquefaction time andsemen quality in group A were significandy higher than the other groups(P<0.05),but the results between group B and group C had no significant difference.Conclusion The combination of ambroxol hydrochlorideand co-xuanju capsule can eridently improve the semen liquefaction time and semen quality and is an effective method in treating male infertility.

BACKGROUND:Cdh1 has been shown to express in rat hippocampus and cortex in a large number. Moreover, in vitro test demonstrated that Cdh1 expression was higher in neurons than in neural stem cel s, which possibly associated with the differentiation of neural stem cel s into neurons. However, the effects of anaphase promoting complex Cdh1 on ischemic neuronal damage remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression of Cdh1 and its downstream substrate in primary cultured neurons with oxygen-glucose deprivation. METHODS:Primary neurons from cortex of postnatal 24-hour rat pups were cultured in vitro, and identified by immunofluorescence staining. The oxygen-and glucose-deprived models were established by three gas incubator fil ed with nitrogen in sugar-free Earle’s solution. After 1 hour of hypoxia, reoxygenation was conducted. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of Cdh1 and its downstream substrates Skp2, Cyclin B1 before hypoxia, 6 hours, 1, 3, 7 days after oxygen glucose deprivation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After oxygen glucose deprivation, the expression of Cdh1 and Cyclin B1 in primary neurons was increased (P<0.05), while Skp2 expression was decreased (P<0.05). Above data indicated that Cdh1 expression in neurons increased after oxygen-glucose deprivation. It may degrade Skp2 and participate in hypoxic neuronal apoptosis by ubiquitination.

Objective To investigate the effects of glutamine (Gln) on proliferation and survival of small cell lung cancer H446 cells, and further to explore the potential mechanism. Methods The proliferation of H446 cells was detected at different time points (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h) by CCK-8 assay in Gln (+) group and Gln (-) group, and an optimal time was selected. Under the optimal time, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, CellTiter-Glo? assay kit and flow cytometer were used to detect cell survival, cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Gln (-) group was used as the control group, under the condition of Gln deficiency, cellular ATP, cell proliferation and survival were detected after adding oxaloacetic acid (OAA) or dimethyl-α-ketoglutarate (DM-αKG). Gln (-) group was used as the control group, cellular ROS, cell proliferation, colony and survival were detected after treated with ROS scavenger N- acetyl cysteine (NAC). With different concentrations (0, 2, 5, 10 μmol/L) of glutaminase inhibitor BPTES, the optimal concentration was selected through the colony assay. The cellular ATP and ROS levels and cell proliferation were detected under the optimal concentration. H446 cells were treated with bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,2,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) ethyl sulfide (BPTES), ROS inducer hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or the combination of them, and cell survival ratio was compared between two groups. Results The proliferation levels of H446 cells at 24, 48, which were decreased most significantly in 72 h in Gln (-) group. When 72 h was used as the optimal time, the cell survival ratio and ATP level were decreased, and the ROS level was increased, in Gln (-) group compared with those of Gln (+) group (P<0.05). There was a higher survival ratio in H446 cells in Gln (-)+OAA group and Gln (-)+DM-αKG group than that of Gln (-) group (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in cell proliferation and ATP levels between Gln (-) group, Gln (-)+OAA group and Gln (-)+DM-αKG group. The ROS level was reduced, the cell proliferation, colony level and survival ratio were increased in Gln (-)+NAC group compared with those of Gln (-) group (P<0.05). Cloning assay showed that 10μmol/L was the optional concentration. Under this concentration, the proliferation and ATP level were decreased in Gln(+)+BPTES group (P<0.05), and cellular ROS level was up-regulated compared with Gln(+) group. The survival ratio was significantly lower in BPTES+H 2O2 group compared with BPTES (+) group or H2O2 (+) group. Conclusion Glutamine deficiency inhibits the proliferation and survival ratio of H446 cells through enhancing ROS level. BPTES and H2O2 show synergistically inhibitory effect on the survival of H446 cells.

ObjectiveTo prepare high specific monoclonal antibodies(mAbs) against BP26 of Brucella(B.)melitensis.Methods A recombinant plasmid pET-28a-BP26 was constructed and transformed into competent Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3),and then the bacteria were induced by 1 mmol/L isopropylthio-β-D-galactoside (IPTG).After induction,the recombinant BP26 protein (rBP26) was purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PGAE) and nickel ion affinity chromatography(Ni-NTA).Mice were inoculated with rBP26 antigens for three times at 2-week intervals.The first subcutaneous injection contained 100 μg rBP26 with 0.1 ml complete Freund adjuvant.The second subcutaneous injection was 50 μg rBP26 with 0.1 ml incomplete Freund adjuvant.The antibody titers to rBP26 were determined 2 weeks after each reimmunization.Three days before cell fusion,the mice with the highest titer were intraperitoneally injected with 50 μg rBP26 in 0.1 ml PBS.Pre- and post-immunization sera were collected and used as negative or positive controls for screening mAbs.Mice with the highest titer were sacrificed and spleen cells were isolated.The spleen cells of rBP26 immunized mice were fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells in a ratio of 5 ∶ 1 by polyethylene glycol(PEG) 1450.Antibody-producing hybridomas were primarily screened by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay(ELISA) with rBP26.Reactive hybridomas were subcloned for 3 times,then the strains of hybridoma cells secreting antibodies against BP26 were obtained.Supernatant of cloned hybridoma cultures was collected for mAb analyses.These mAbs were named by the hybridoma clone number and tested their reactivity to membrane proteins extracted(NMP) from B.melitensis vaccine strain(M5-90) by Western blotting and Dot-ELISA.mAbs isotyping and kappa(κ) or lambda(λ) light chain was identified by Mouse Monoclonal Antibody Isotyping Kit.Results A total of two mAbs reactive to rBP26 of B.melitensis were selected from antibody screening hybridomas by indirect-ELISA.The two mAbs were named 3C3 and 5A5,and identified as IgG1 (κ) and IgG2(κ),respectively.They could react with NMP from M5-90.Conclusions Results of identification show that two mAbs against rBP26 can be produced.The two mAbs can recognize natural BP26 protein,giving the experimental materials for further research on identification of its epitopes.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of APC-Cdh1 protein after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Sham-operated group(SH) and ischemia-reperfusion group(IR). The rats of ischemia-reperfusion groups were induced by four-vessel occlusion (4-VO). At different times after injury, the expression of APC-Cdh1 of rat hippocampus was observed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.ResultsCompared with sham-operated group, the expression of Cdh1 protein significantly decreased 1 day and increased obviously 3 days, but decreased again 7 days after injury in ischemia-reperfusion group. The immuno-staining showed that APC-Cdh1 was highly cerebral cortex and hippocampus in ischemia-reperfusion group. ConclusionAPC-Cdh1 may be involved in the central nervous system injury.

ObjectiveTo reveal status in quo of rehabilitation research according to rehabilitation periodical literature.MethodsMEDLINE and CBM are the retrieval databases during 1995—2002. ICD-10 is the main classification tool of central nervous diseases.ResultsThe percentage of rehabilitation literature is 1.32% on MEDLINE, 1.53% on CBM during 1995—2002. The ratio of rehabilitation literature is 1.67 between MEDLINE and CBM. The common study fields include stroke, paraplegia, hypertension, cerebral palsy, hemiplegia, Parkinson disease, epilepsy, and cerebral infarction, etc.The foreign study takes advantage in multiple sclerosis, and tetraplegia, etc. The fewer fields are neuromyelitis optica, arachnoiditis, and Huntington's disease, etc.ConclusionsThe study of central nervous disease rehabilitation is generally similar on some common CNS diseases, some foreign studies taking advantage.

Objective To study the first-time killing efficacy and the chain-killing efficacy of four gel baits against Blattella germanica: 1% chlorpyrifos, 0.05% fipronil, 2.15% imidacloprid, and 0.5% dinotefuran and provide a basis for drug selection in controlling Blattella germanica. Methods Laboratory killing efficacy test was conducted according to the national standard GB/T 13917.7-2009 and the chain-killing efficacy test was conducted for three rounds.The first round of chain efficacy test was conducted by feeding the cockroaches killed in the laboratory efficacy test, and each next round by feeding the cockroaches killed in the last round.Median lethal time (LT₅₀), 95% confidence limit, and toxicological regression equation of each test were calculated by software DPS V9.01. Results The LT₅₀ of the efficacy test with 1% chlorpyrifos gel bait was 0.745 5 (0.603 4-0.890 3) d.The LT₅₀ of the first, second and third chain experiments increased by 3.30, 2.18 and 2.76 times, respectively.The LT₅₀ of the efficacy test with 0.05% fipronil gel bait was 0.846 5(0.464 7-1.228 0)d, and increased by 5.42, 2.09 and 1.48 times, respectively, in the first, second and third chain experiments.The LT₅₀ of the efficacy test with 2.15% imidacloprid gel bait was 3.192 1(2.865 0-3.506 0)d, and increased by 1.13, 1.65 and 1.15 times, respectively in the first, second and third chain experiments.The LT₅₀ of the efficacy test with 0.5% dinotefuran gel bait was 0.997 1(0.805 8-1.191 6) d, and increased by 3.85, 1.37 and 1.78 times, respectively in the first, second and third chain experiments. Conclusion In the laboratory killing efficacy test, 1% chlorpyrifos, 0.05% fipronil, and 0.5% dinotefuran gel baits are better than 2.15% imidacloprid gel bait.In the chain-killing efficacy test, 2.15% imidacloprid and 0.5% dinotefuran gel baits are better than 1% chlorpyrifos and 0.05% fipronil gel baits.Based on our results, we recommend the use of 0.5% dinotefuran gel bait for comprehensive and sustained killing effect.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect differences between acupoint Tuina and simple instruction and education to improve the lactation of the parturient after delivery.

METHODSFifty-six cases of primipara were divided into an acupoint Tuina group (28 cases) and a control group (28 cases) according to the order of entering group, the acupoint Tuina group was treated with Tuina intervention at local acupoint of the breast and distant acupoint on the basis of the instruction and education of breast feeding; the control group was treated with simple instruction and education of breast feeding. The differences of lactation amount, the level of serum prolactin at 48 h after delivery and the time start to lactate of the parturient in both groups were observed.

RESULTSThe serum prolactin of the parturient at 48 h after delivery of (416.33 +/- 144.29) ng/mL in acupoint Tuina group was obviously higher than that of (320.06 +/- 187.55) ng/mL in control group, there were much more parturient with sufficient milk in acupoint Tuina group after treatment, and the time start to lactate was earlier than that of control group.

CONCLUSIONThe acupoint Tuina is good for parturient to lactate early and lactate more, it is necessary to make further research.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Lactation ; Massage ; Milk, Human ; secretion ; Prolactin ; blood ; Young Adult