Objective To investigate the relationship between the different deep venous drainage patterns in the brain and the perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage (PMSAH).Methods From January 2014 to January 2017,the clinical data of 90 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) diagnosed and treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were analyzed retrospectively.Thirty patients with PMSAH were in a PMSAH group and 60 patients with aneurismal SAH were in a control group.Unilateral cerebral hemisphere venous drainage was divided into type A (normal continuous):the basilar vein had deep middle cerebral vein drainage and was drained into the great cerebral vein of Galen;type B (normal discontinuous):there was discontinuous venous drainage between the basal vein and the anterior uncal vein and the posterior Galen vein;type C (primitive variant):did not drained into great cerebral vein of Galen,perimesencephalic vein was drained into the superior petrosal sinus or basal vein was directly drained into the transverse sinus or straight sinus.The different combinations of bilateral cerebral hemisphere venous drainage were divided into normal type drainage (typeⅠ:AA),discontinuous type drainage (types Ⅱ:AB or BB),and primitive type drainage (types Ⅲ:AC,BC,or CC).The differences of venous drainage between the two groups were compared.Results In the PMSAH group,both types Ⅰ and Ⅱ drainages accounted for 26.7％ (n=8 in each type) and type Ⅲ accounted for 46.7％ (n=14).In the control group,typeⅠaccounted for 48.3％ (n=29),type Ⅱ accounted for 28.3％ (n=17),and type Ⅲ accounted for 23.3％ (n=14).There were no significant differences in the distribution of three venous drainage patterns between the two groups (χ2=5.804,P=0.055).However,there was significant difference in the types Ⅲ venous drainage between the two groups (χ2=5.081,P=0.024).Conclusion Most of the deep cerebral venous drainage in patients with PMSAH showed basilar venous drainage into the venous sinuses of dura mater,but not to the large cerebral vein drainage,suggesting the way of primitive drainage into the dural sinus was more prone to rupture compared with that of drainage into large cerebral veins.

Objective To observe attenuated store-operated Ca2+ entry in superior mesenteric artery endothelial cells of aged rat.Methods The pressure myograph was applied to measure the vasodilation of superior mesenteric artery induced by bradykinin (BK) in aged versus non-elder rats.Primarily cultured MAECs were treated by thapsigargin (TG) and BK to deplete intracellular Ca2+ stores for comparing SOCE.SOCE of MAECs was detected by calcium imaging technology and was compared between aged and non-elder rats.The expression levels of Orai 1 and stromal interaction factor 1 (STIM 1) were observed by immunofluorescence method.Results Compared with the nonelder rats (70.0 ± 4.1 ％),BK-induced vasodilation in aged rats (27.0 ± 4.9)％ was declined by (60.7±4.3) ％.SOCE induced by BK and TG in primarily cultured MAECs was attenuated by 37.6％ and 39.2％ in aged rats (1.71±0.18 and 1.06±0.03) respectively as compared with non-elder rats (2.72±0.39 and 1.75±0.06).The expressions of SOCE's components Orai 1 and STIM 1 in MAECs were decreased obviously in aged rats than in non elder rats.Conclusions SOCE of MAECs and SOCE-induced vasodilation are significantly attenuated in aged rats.The decreased expression level of Orai 1 and STIM 1 may contribute to this alteration.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of different concentrations of arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) on apoptosis and proliferation of human lung cancer cell line A549 in vitro under hypoxia and normoxia. METHODS: A549 cells were treated with 0, 1, 2, 4 micromol/L As2O3 for 12, 24 and 48 h under hypoxia (5% O(2)) and normoxia (21% O(2)). The proliferative inhibition rate of A549 cells was measured with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, and the apoptotic rate of A549 cells was detected by Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining. RESULTS: Under normoxia and hypoxia, 1, 2, 4 micromol/L As(2)O(3) could significantly inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells and induce the apoptosis of A549 cells. The results depended on the drug concentration and action time. And the hypoxia couldn't influence the effects of As(2)O(3). CONCLUSION: As(2)O(3) can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of A549 cells under hypoxia and normoxia.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the genetic polymorphisms of uridinediphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 (UGT1A9) and mycophenolic acid (MPA)pharmacokinetics in Chinese kidney recipients.Methods Gene mutations (C-440T/T-331C,C-2152T,T-275A,T98C) were detected in 196 recipients by PCR-LDR.On the 28th day after transplantation,the plasma samples which were obtained at the time points of predose,0.5 h and 2 h after administration were measured by an immunoassay method (Emit Mycophenolic Acid Assay,Dade Behring).MPA-AUC0-12 was calculated based on these three data.Correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and MPA pharmacokinetics was analyzed.Results C-2152T,T-275A and T98C genotypes of UGT1A9 were not found in 196 recipients.The frequency of C-440T/T-331C gene mutation was 14.29% (28/196).The mean value of MPA-AUC0-12 was 40.6±11.8 wild genotype,respectively (P＞0.05).Conclusion C-2152T,T-275A and T98C genotypes of UGT1A9 are scarce in Chinese kidney recipients.In this study,there is no distinct relationship between -440/-331 SNPs and MPA pharmacokinetics in Chinese allograft recipients.

Objective To study the impact of Xingnaojing (XNJ) injection (a preparation of Chinese herb medicine) on the permeability of blood-brain barrier and Caveolin-1 in cortex of brain after global ischemia-reperfusion.Methods Modified Pulsinelli method for four-vessel occlusion was employed to establish the global ischemia reperfusion model in rats.Male Wistar rats were randomly (random number) divided into three groups,namely sham group,model group and XNJ group.Each group was observed at 24 h,48 h and 72 h after ischemia reperfusion.The water content of brain tissue was determined by dry/wet weight ratio,while the Evans blue (EB) concentration in brain tissue was detected by spectrophotometer.Western blot was used to detect caveolin-1 level in the cerebral cortex.Results The water contents of brain tissue in model group and XNJ group were significantly higher than that in sham group 24 hour after ischemia-reperfusion (P ＜ 0.05).But at 48 h and 72 h after ischemia-reperfusion,the brain water content in model group was significantly higher than that in XNJ group and sham group (P ＜ 0.05).The EB concentrations in brain tissue in model group and XNJ group were higher than that in sham group 24 h after ischemia-reperfusion (P ＜ 0.05).EB levels in sham group and XNJ group were significantly lower than that in model group 48 h and 72 h after ischemia-reperfusion (P ＜ 0.05).Caveolin-1 levels in cerebral cortex in sham group and XNJ group were significantly higher than that in model group 24 h,48 h and 72 h after ischemia-reperfusion (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions After global ischemia-reperfusion,Xingnaojing (XNJ) injection could protect blood-brain barrier in virtue of regulating caveolin-1 protein level.

Objective To explore the microsurgical treatment strategy of ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms.Methods From September 2009 to February 2013,thirty-three patients with ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms were treated with microsurgical clipping via modified pterion approach.The clinical and follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively.Results At 3 to 44 months period followed-up after microsurgical clipping of ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms were obtained in 32 patients.According to Glasgow Outcome Score,the curative effects score were 5 in 28 cases,four in 2 cases,three in 1 case and death in 1 case.Conclusion Microsurgical clipping of ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms via modified pterional approach was an effective method with sufficient exposure.It has less invasiveness to the brain tissue,reliable neck clipping and satisfactory results.Safety and effectiveness of this procedure are based on preoperative radiological evaluation of three-dimensional morphological specificity of aneurysms,identification of the parental arteries and its branches,as well as temporary proximal occlusion.

In this experiment, Hca-F or L615 elemene combo-TCV (H-TCV and L-TCV), H-TCV lysates, corynebacterium parvum (CP) were used to immunize 615 and Balb/c inbred mice, and their splenic DCs were prepared and pulsed in vitro with tumor cell lysates (H or L) and TCV lysates (TH or TL). The capacities of DCs to stimulate the proliferation of syngeneic nonadherent spleenic cells were tested with MTT assay. The results showed that the splenic DCs from normal mice in vitro pulsed with TH or TL could induced syngeneic noradherent splenic cells to proliferate (P＜0.01), while the H or L pulsed DCs could not. The splenic DCs from H-TCV or L-TCV or TH immunized mice re-pulsed in vitro with TH or TL exhibited stronger stimulating effects than the DCs from normal mice pulsed in vitro for the firth time pulsed with TH or TL (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05); The capacities of DCs to induce proliferation of syngeneic nonadherent splenic cells could be further enhanced by CP immunization, especially when were pulsed with TH (P＜0.01). Normal inbred 615 mice were transferred with DCs pulsed with lysates of elemene TCV (TDCs) or pulsed with lysates of Hca-F tumor cells (HDCs) on day 7 before challenged with lethal dose of live Hca-F cells, significant adoptive immunoprotective effects were seen, with 61.6% tumor inhibition rate and 25% survival in TDC adoptive transfer group. This study indicated that DCs might play a role in the mechanisms of active immunization and pulsing DCs with lysate of elemene combo TCV and isolating DCs from elemene combo TCV immunized mice were useful methods for DCs vaccine preparation.

AIM:To investigate the effect of Xingnaojing (XNJ) injection on the permeability of blood-brain barrier ( BBB) and zonula occludens-1 ( ZO-1) protein expression after global ischemia-reperfusion in rats.METHODS:Improved Pulsinelli four-vessel occlusion method was adopted to establish the global ischemia-reperfusion model in the rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, solvent group and XNJ group.The observations were conducted at the time points of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after ischemia reperfusion.The water content of the brain tissues was determined by dry-wet weight method, while the Evans blue ( EB) content of brain tissue was detected by spectropho-tometry.The protein levels of ZO-1 in the cerebral cortex were analyzed by Western blot.RESULTS:The water contents in the brain tissues in model group, solvent group and XNJ group were significantly higher than those in sham group ( P<0.05) 24 h after ischemia reperfusion.However, the brain water contents in model group and solvent group were signifi-cantly higher than those in XNJ group and sham group (P<0.05) 48 h and 72 h after ischemia reperfusion.The EB con-tents in the brain tissues in model group, solvent group and XNJ group were entirely higher than that in sham group 24 h af-ter ischemia reperfusion (P<0.05).The EB contents in sham group and XNJ group were significantly lower than those in model group and solvent group 48 h and 72 h after ischemia reperfusion (P<0.05).The protein expression of ZO-1 in the rat cerebral cortex in model group, solvent group and XNJ group was significantly lower than that in sham group 24 h after ischemia-reperfusion (P<0.05).Similarly, 48 h and 72 h after ischemia reperfusion, ZO-1 protein level in the cortex in sham group and XNJ group was significantly higher than that in model group and solvent group (P<0.05).CONCLU-SION:At 48 h and 72 h after global ischemia-reperfusion, Xingnaojing injection play a protective role in blood-brain barri-er and this role may be associated with the increase in ZO-1 protein expression by Xingnaojing injection.

OBJECTIVETo explore the security and feasibility in ambi-operation of the neonate lip and palate cleft correction.

METHODSUsing Ornizuka's and innovated Langenbeck's method to correct the lip and palate cleft in 30 cases with detailed program, the effect after operation was evaluated.

RESULTSAll physiological index were normal in the group of ambi-operation, which had no difference to other newborn. The effect is satisfactory. 5 of them have the fistula under the gingival.

CONCLUSIONSBased on controlling on surgery indication, screening the well-developed newborn, it is secure and feasible to correct lip and palate in one stage, and it can get excellent effect.

Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

Objective:To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices ( KAP) on National Essential Medi-cine System among pharmacists from secondary public hospitals in Shaanxi province. Methods: The quantitative re-search of KAP questionnaire is used, and the content of questionnaire includes personal information, knowledge, atti-tudes and practices. Results: A total of 520 copies of questionnaires were distributed and 82. 3% were effective. Respondents’ overall knowledge and attitudes are at the middle level;the main way to obtain knowledge is via training and meeting;respondents’ education level and frequency of participating in training have a significant impact on their level of knowledge;the degree of attention paid by hospitals has yet to be strengthened; and respondents are mostly concerned about the supply and distribution of essential drugs. Conclusion: In order to improve the awareness and recognition levels of pharmacists on the implementation of National Essential Medicine System in secondary public hospitals, the government should take the relevant measures, including introducing the high educated persons into secondary public hospitals, organizing related training programs and standardizing the daily monitoring of essential drugs in secondary public hospitals, etc.