AIM: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of galactose (Gal)-polyethyleneimine (PEI)-c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) complex on proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. METHODS: Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Bel-7402 was treated with Gal-PEI-ASODN complex. Cell proliferation was tested by trypan blue dye at different time points and with various concentrations of ASODN treatment. Cell morphology was observed under inverted microscope, cell hypodiploid percentage was analyzed by flow cytometry and cell ultrastructure was observed through electron microscopy. RESULTS: Compared with ASODN group (20 ?mol/L) from (0 h) to 96 h, Gal-PEI-ASODN complex (with ASODN 0.75 ?mol/L) significantly suppressed Bel-7402 cells proliferation, the ASODN concentration within Gal-PEI-ASODN complex and time course acquired were significantly lower and shorter, respectively. Incubated with pure ASODN at different concentrations for 72 hours, cell proliferation was inhibited and IC_(50) was 20.9 ?mol/L; while mediated with galactose receptor for 48 hours, ASODN significantly inhibited cell proliferation and IC_(50) was only 0.294 ?mol/L, the inhibitory efficacy of ASODN enhanced 70.9 folds. While Bel-7402 cells were incubated with Gal-PEI-ASODN complex for 48 hours, cell hypodiploid percentage was much higher than ASODN groups and cell apoptosis was seen under electron microscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Galactose receptor mediated ASODN delivery may significantly increase proliferation inhibition efficacy on Bel-7402 cells. [

AIM: To study whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from fetal liver can differentiate into skeletal muscle-like cells. METHODS: MSCs were isolated from C57BL/6J mouse fetal liver and were induced by 5-azacytidine and amphotericin B. Myf5 and myogenin were tested by RT-PCR. Desmin and ?-actin was examined by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: RT-PCR showed that the treated cells expressed Myf5 and myogenin orderly from 6 hours to 72 hours, while the untreated cells did not. Immunocytochemistry confirmed that these cells were positive for desmin and ?-actin and the positive rate was higher in 7 days than that in 14 days. CONCLUSION: MSCs derived from fetal liver can be induced into skeletal muscle-like cells in vitro.

Objective To study the ultrasonographic and acoustic contrast features of breast fibroadenoma and breast cancer and explore the value of contrast enhanced ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors. Method A retrospective analysis of 18 cases breast fibroadenoma and 12 cases breast cancer in the performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound was done. Results After contrast agent injection, tumor dimension increased in 4 cases with breast fibroadenoma and 7 cases with breast cancer. The ultrasonographic and acoustic contrast features of breast fibroadenoma showed no significant changes. They showed stenosis, perpendicular and circumambulates vascular shape. The breast cancers significantly increased the number of tumor blood vessels with the thicker,tortuous blood vessels into the tumor. Conclusions The contrast enhanced ultrasonography assessed more accurate size of tumors. The image displayed grown sizes, more vascularity and bending vascular shape in the breast cancer. It was more accurate than gray-scale ultrasound on diagnosing breast cancer.

The definition of rehabilitation should reflect the connotation and extension of rehabilitation medicine system,moreover,special attention should be paid to the process of translation,applications and promotion due to its derivation from Latin.The fourth edition of rehabilitation medicine textbook which published by People's Medical Publishing House described the definition of rehabilitation inaccurately,although integrated the foreign authority definitions.The definition of ‘ re-learning’has been described by the textbook without considering logical sequence,which caused difficulty in explaining and comprehending between teachers and students in class.Besides,application of another term of rehabilitation medicine in the textbook is imprudence.

Objective To study whether closed reduction and interlocking intramedullary nailing will worsen the injured radial nerve associated with the fracture of humeral shaft.Methods Of the 353 patients with fracture of humeral shaft who received operation from January 2002 to January 2005,63 ones were complicated with preoperative injury to their radial nerve.A retrospective analysis was done of their physical examination records, operative records,X-ray films and results of the treatment.Eleven cases were treated with closed reduction and interlocking intramedullary nailing,and 52 cases with open reduction and internal fixation of plates and screws fol- lowed by exploration to the radial nerve.Chisquare test of PEMS 3.1 system was adopted to analyze the clinical data. Results The radial nerve was embedded by the fracture ends in nine cases(17.3%)of the 52 cases,and con- tused in the other 43 ones.In the 63 cases,The injured nerves recovered spontaneously 2 to 12 weeks postoperatively except in twn cases.All the eases got bony union 3 to 4 months after operation.Closed reduction and interlocking intramedullary nailing has hardly more harmful effects on the injured radial nerve assoeiated with the fracture of humeral shaft than open reduction and internal fixation of plates and screws followed by neural exploration.Con- clusion Closed reduction and interlocking intramedullary nailing is fit for the freatment of fractures of humeral shaft with radial nerve injury.

Objective To observe the interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interhukin-2(IL-2)levels of Th1 cytokine and IL-4、IL-10 levels of Th2 cytokine in serum and culture supernatants of splenic cells of the rats in the prevention of experimentaI autoimmune uveoretinitis(EAU)by oral tolerance. Methods 72 Lewis rats were randomly divided into EAU group,oral tolerance group(which including 10 μg、100 μg、1 mg、10 mg of S antigen group respectively)and control group,12 rats in each group.The animal model of EAU was induced by immunization with S antigen(50 μg)and Freund's complete adjuvant.Oral tolerance 10 μg、100μg、1 mg and 10 mg group were fed with 1 ml mixture of 10 μg、100μg、l mg、10 mg S antigen and 1 mg trypsin inhibitor respectively by intuhation,once the other day,totally 7 times,and then induced EAU according to above methods;control group was fed with 1 ml mixture of phosphate buffered saline and 1 mg trypsin inhibitor,once the other day,totally 7 times,and then induced EAU.The clinical manifestation of EAU in the eye were recorded,the eyeballs were enucleated at the peak of EAU,followed by pathological grading.Meanwhile the serum was colleced;splentic cells were separated and cultured to collect the supernatant.Cytokine levels of IFN-γ,IL-2,IL-4 and IL-10 in serum.cultured supernatant of splenic cells were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results Compared with EAU and control group,the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2(Th1 eytokine)in the serum in 100 μg and 1 mg group were decreased while the levels of IL-4 and IL-10(Th2 eytokine)were inereased,the diffefences were statistically significant(F=51.9,68.8,35.7,7.5,P＜0.01).Compared the levels of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the serum in 10 μg,10 mg group with EAU and control group.the differences were not statistically significant.In 100 gg、1 mg group,the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2(Th1 cytokine)in the culture supernatant of splenic cells were decreased while the Ievels of IL-4 and IL-10(Th2 cytokine)were increased,compared with EAU and control group,the differences were statistically significant(F=57.1,15.6,33.1,167.7,P＜0.01).Compared the levels of Th1 and Th2 eytokine in the culture supernatant of splenic cells in 10 μg、10 mg groups with EAU and control group,the difference are not statistically significant. Conclusions In the process to prevent EAU by oral intake,the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 (Th1 cytokine)were decrease while the levels of IL-4 and IL-10(Th2 cytokine).Oral administration with tOO high or low dose of the antigen can not prevent EAU as well as the cytokine levels do not change obviously.Cytokines has played an important role in the prevention of EAU.

Objective To observe the efficacy of the anti-tumor necrosis factor-α monoclonal antibody(TNF-α MCAb)in the treatment of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis(EAU). Methods EAU animal models were induced by interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein(IRBP)R16 peptide with immunization.The rats were divided into 2 groups according to the injection times.TNF-α MCAh was administered intravenously on day 6 or 4,6 and 8 post-immunization respectively,and then to observe the clinical expression by slit-lamp microscope.Meanwhile,take the rats which did not accept TNF-α MCAb as conttol group.Delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH)responses were measured on day 13 postimmunization of IRBP R16;the rats were killed on day 14 post-immunization of IRBP R16,and then enucleated the eyes for histopathological examination.To detect the cytokine level of IFN-γ,IL-4 in serum and IFN-γ in aqueous humor by enzyme-liked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)on day 14 postinjection.The hyperplasia responses of antigen specific lymphocyte of draining lymph node cells were detected. Results The TNF-αMCAb group had mitigated ocular inflammation and decreased pathological grades compared with the control group;the IFN-γ concentrations in aqueous humor and serum were decreased,IL-4 was increased in serum;DTH responses were decreased;the hyperplasia responses of draining lymphocytes to IRBP R16 peptide were decreased,all the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.01).The rats accepted TNF-α MCAb thrice had much better curative effect than the rats injected once(P＜0.05). Conclusions Injection of TNF-α MCAb can inhibit ocular inflammation and specific immune cells of EAU remarkably and change the Th1/Th2 balance.Many times injections of TNF-α MCAb were more effective than once.

Objective:To analyze the effects of super early rehabilitation nursing on poststroke depression, to sum up the nursing experience.Methods: The control group included 78 cases of stroke patients, the observation group included 77 cases, the observation group was given super early rehabilitation nursing after stroke seventh days, thirtieth days, ninetieth days, with Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA) and Depression Scale(HAMD)assessment of patients with anxiety or depression levels, and statistical correlation index.Results: Stroke after 7 days, 30 days and 90 days in PSD group, severe occurrence of PSD was higher than that in the observation group, stroke after 30 days, 90 days in the control group are more likely to commit suicide than the observation group, stroke after 90 days of control group, PSD turnover rate is higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant specific(x2=6.62,x2=13.74;P<0.05).Conclusion: PSD can occur in each time period after stroke, most self outcome; super early rehabilitation nursing is helpful to reduce the incidence of PSD risk.

Objective To investigate the status of pregnancy syphilis screening ,diagnosis,treatment,follow-up in Panyu district for improvement of management of pregnancy syphilis .Methods Using the method of a retro-spective survey,the follow-up data for 219 cases of patients were diagnosed with gestational syphilis from 2011.10.1 to 2013.9.30.Results 219 cases were diagnosed with gestational syphilis in 103 665 cases of pregnant women .The positive rate was 2.1%and all cases were latent syphilis .176 cases underwent a course of treatment during pregnancy , of which 33 patients received two courses of standard treatment .40 cases didn't receive treatment and 3 cases could not be followed up due to the phone empty ,shut down or refuse .14 cases were congenital syphilis ,the rate was 6.4%. Conclusion Pregnancy syphilis is a serious mother to child transmission of disease .After standard treatment ,close follow-up,strengthen publicity and education to improve patient compliance can reduce the incidence of congenital syphilis.

AIM: To study the effect of acute renal failure (ARF) on the differentiated frequency of Sca-1+ cells from murine fetal liver in irradiated mice. METHODS: The Sca-1+ cells from murine fetal liver were isolated with magnetic cell sorting (MACS) technique, the sex of which was identified by PCR. The 2?104 Sca-1+ cells were transplanted into a lethally irradiated ([ 60Co], 8 Gy) inbred female mouse. After 8 weeks, these recipient mice were divided to A, B, and C groups at random (A group: irradiated; B group: ARF; C group: ARF and Sca-1+). The mice in B and C groups were induced to ARF with 50% (V/V) glycerin (11.6 mL/kg). 72 hours later, the mice in C group were injected with the fresh prepared Sca-1+ cells again. 8 weeks later, mice were sacrificed, and their kidneys were taken out, fixed and slices were prepared. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of renal slices was performed and the pictures of them were taken and analyzed. RESULTS: The cells containing Y chromosome were found in renal slices from the mice in A, B and C groups, which located in epithelial cells of renal tubules, interstitium, glomeruli, and glomerular margin and increased gradually. The double and encircle zone of Y chromosome cells were found in the slices from the mice in B and C groups separately, which was consist of new renal tubules. The differentiation frequency of Sca-1+ cells in kidney in A, B and C groups were (1.65?0.18)%, (8.58?1.34)% and (18.13?1.91)%, respectively, which showed significant difference between former group and later group (P