?Silent information regulator protein 1 ( SlRT1 ) is a kind of histone deacetylases class lll on which cell metabolism coenzyme NAD+ is dependent. By the transcriptional regulation, it participates in the regulation of gene transcription, energy metabolism and cell aging process, which can prolong the lifespan of organisms and delay the development of various age-related diseases and has attracted much attention in the field of anti - aging research. ln recent years, studies have shown that SlRT1 occupies an important position in the pathogenesis of many ophthalmic diseases, especially in ocular surface diseases, glaucoma, cataracts, uveitis, and ocular fundus diseases, etc. There is a possibility that the promotion of SlRT1 activity would be the new drug target of ophthalmic therapy. The paper will review studies on SlRT1 and ophthalmic diseases.

Objective: To investigate the effect of all trans retinoid acid (ATRA) on bone cell proliferation and differentiation. Methods: Newborn rat calvarial osteoblastic cells were isolated and the metabolism of the osteoblastic cells were determined by MTT, Goldens method and immunocytohistologic method. Results: 10 -5 , 10 -6 , 10 -7 , 10 -8 , 10 -9 mol/L ATRA could increase osteoblastic cells proliferation after 72 h culture; 10 -5 , 10 -6 , 10 -7 mol/L ATRA could increase ALP activity. The expression of cyclin D 1 was decreased. Conclusion: ATRA stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of rat calvarial osteoblastic cells in vitro. Cell cycle relative proteins may play an important role in control of cell proliferation and differentiation induced by retinoic acid and derivatives.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of small-dose ranitidine hydrochloride and diphenoxy- late compositae in the combined treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(D-IBS).Methods A prospective,randomized controlled clinical trial was designed.150 D-IBS patients according to RomeⅡcriteria were randomly divided into combined treatment group and control group.The combined treatment group(74 patients)re- ceived ranitidine hydrochloride,0.15g,each evening and diphenoxylate compositae,1 piece,each evening.The control group(76 patients)received diphenoxylate compositae,1 piece,rid.This study consisted of a 2-week baseline period, a 3-week treatment period,followed by a 2-week follow-up period.The main efficacy variable was assessed by per- ception of overall symptom during the previous weeks.Secondary efficacy variables included severity of diarrhea,ab- dominal pain and distention and other symptoms.Results After treatment of 3 weeks,the efficacy of the combined treatment group was better than that of the control group(x~2=5.10,P

The cerebral blood flow of infant is effected by physiological and pathological factors.As the cerebrovascular autoregulation of neonates is poor,in pathological cases,especially when hypoxemia and hypercapnia impaired regulation of its own,lead to changes in cerebral blood flow,then resulting in severe brain injury.It has made enormous progress in the research on the changes of cerebral blood flow in newborns in recent years.In normal infants,cerebral blood flow velocities is positively correlated to gestational age and body weight,and increase gradually with day-age in the first week after birth.The cerebral blood flow of newborn with brain injury can present as insufficiency,over-perfusion or low speed high-resistance earlier and high speed low-resistance later.Different results may be related to the duration and severity of asphyxia,but all of those are signs of damage of self-regulatory function of cerebral blood flow.Cerebral hemodynamic change is the important pathogenesis mechanism of brain injury.

Anemia, Refractory ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thrombocytosis

Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Levofloxacin ; Middle Aged ; Ofloxacin ; therapeutic use ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; complications ; drug therapy

Objective To evaluate the effect of surgical trauma on the cognitive function and expression of hepcidin and ferroportin 1 (FP1) in hippocampus in aged rats.Methods One hundred male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 18 months,weighing 400-500 g,were randomly divided into 2 groups with 50 rats in each group:control group (group C) and surgical trauma group (group ST).The rats were anesthetized with chloral hydrate,but underwent no operation in group C.The rats Were anesthetized with chloral hydrate and underwent 30 min of modified exploratory laparotomy in group ST.Ten rats were chosen from each group at 24 h after operation and the cognitive function was assessed using Morris water-maze test for 6 consecutive days.Ten rats were sacrificed on 1st,3rd,5th and 7th days after beginning of Morris water-maze test and brains were removed for determination of hepcidin and FP1 expression in hippocampus by PCR and Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the time of staying at the original platform quadrant and frequency of crossing the original platform were decreased on 3rd,4th and 5th days after beginning of Morris water-maze test,and the expression of hepcidin was up-regulated and the expression of FP1 was down-regulated at each time point in group ST (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Surgical trauma can decrease the cognitive function in aged rats and the mechanism may be related to up-regulation of hepcidin expression and down-regulation of FP1 expression in hippocampus.

This study is to investigate the effect of Euphorbia humifusa effective fraction (EHEF) on the CYP51 enzyme activity, the lanosterol content and the MEP, SUB gene expression of Trichophyton rubrum. Trichophyton rubrum was treated by EHEF for 7 days at 26 degrees C. The activity of CYP51 enzyme of Trichophyton rubrum in the cell membrane was determined by using ELISA kit, and the lanosterol content was investigated by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the MEP, SUB gene expression of Trichophyton rubrum was detected with the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Results showed that EHEF can decrease the membrane CYP51 enzyme activity, and it also can accumulate the fungal lanosterol in a dose-dependent manner, and it also can decrease the gene expression of MEP and SUB. The antifungal mechanism of EHEF may be related to the inhibition on CYP51 enzyme activity, and to the effects on fungal cell membrane ergosterol biosynthesis. It may also play an antifungal effect by inhibiting the MEP, SUB gene expression of fungal proteases.
Antifungal Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Membrane ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Euphorbia ; chemistry ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Lanosterol ; metabolism ; Metalloproteases ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Sterol 14-Demethylase ; metabolism ; Subtilisins ; metabolism ; Trichophyton ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism

Background Many studies and clinical trials of pharmacologic vitreolysis are already under way to try to improve vitreo-retinal surgery and to liquefy and detach the vitreous from the retina ultimately, including chondroitinase,hyaluronidase,dispase and plasmin. However, there has not been any report on purification of human plasminogen from cord blood plasma and inducing posterior vitreous detachment of the animal eye at present.Objective This study was designed to isolate and purify the production of human plasminogen (Plg) from cord blood plasma with ethanol precipitation and evaluate the efficacy of Plg in inducing posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).Methods Human Plg was Separated and purified from cord blood plasma by ethanol precipitation method. The protein band corresponding to Plg with molecular mass of 92 000 was revealed in SDS-PAGE and confirmed by MALDI-TOF and Mascot database. Anion-exchange chromatography and plasminogen activity assay kit were used to obtain purified Plg with biological activity. Twenty-five fresh pig eyes were enucleated and assigned to 5 groups and 5 eyes for each group. The normal eyes were used as control group. Balanced salt solution(BSS)of 0.1 ml was intravitreally group and standard substance group. All of the eyes were then incubatedfor 60 minutes under the 37 ℃. Retinal histopathology and ultrastructure were examined under the light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results The Plg with potential fibrinolytic activity was successfully extracted and purified from cord blood plasma by ethanol precipitation method. No posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) was seen in normal control group, BSS group and r-SK group following the intravitreal injection under the sem. However,PVD was demonstrated in r-SK+ Plg group and standard substance group under the SEM. The inner limiting membrane ( ILM ) and the retina were well preserved in all of the experimental eyes. No retinal morphology and ultrastructural abnormality were found under the light and SEM and TEM. Conclusion Ethanol precipitation is a feasible way to isolate and purify Plg from human cord blood plasma. Extracted Plg shows potential fibrinolytic intravitreal injection of Plg.

As one branch of epigenetics, the sirtuins family ( ClassⅢ histone deacetylase) receive much attention in recent years. SIRT1 as the most famous of the sirtuins family members has been verified involved in a variety of age-related diseases. While the SIRT1 formation is paid more and more attention in age-related cataract. Now, we briefly overviewed the research progress on the role of SIRT1 in age-related cataract.