ABSTRACT Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare multisystem disease. Although GPA is rare, it commonly presents in a localised stage where its manifestation involves the upper or lower respiratory tract before progressing to a generalised stage. Therefore, most patients with GPA will visit an oral surgeon or an otolaryngologist to seek treatment. However, the diagnosis of GPA is often delayed as GPA is not frequently considered as a differential diagnosis in common oral and facial diseases. The lack of gold standard investigation for the diagnosis of GPA makes management of this case, a diagnostic conundrum. We herein report a patient who was diagnosed with bilateral acute otitis media and left mastoiditis complicated with facial nerve palsy, and later developed tongue ulceration one month after his initial presentation. The ear, facial and oral symptoms represent a diagnostic red herring to a full-blown generalised stage of GPA.
Facial Paralysis ; Oral Ulcer ; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

Introduction: The elderly population are susceptible to malnutrition due to many factors. Hence, timely malnutrition identification through nutrition screening needs to be performed routinely in health clinics. However, the nutrition screening practice in health clinics need to be improvised for malnutrition identification among the elderly population. This study identifies barriers and opportunities for nutrition screening in elderly patients in health clinic settings. Method: A qualitative study was conducted among healthcare staff from urban and rural health clinics in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. In-depth individual interviews were performed, audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Non-participant observations that act as triangulation were conducted among elderly patients (aged ≥60 years) attending the sampled health clinics. Both data from the interviews and observations were analysed thematically using NVivo software. Results: Twenty healthcare staff participated in the interviews were medical officers (n=6), medical assistants (n=8), staff nurses (n=4), and community nurses (n=2) with a mean age of 33.7±6.3 years. Twenty- one elderly patients were involved in non-participant observations. The four themes that emerged as barriers and opportunities were: time, patient factors, organisation factors and nutrition screening knowledge. Time constituted the main barrier, whilst incorporating a validated nutrition screening tool into current health screening practices was identified as the most practical approach to performing nutrition screening. Staff also highlighted the need for appropriate guidelines for implementing nutrition screening. Conclusion: This study identified appropriate approaches to implementing nutrition screening among elderly patients in health clinics. Developing a comprehensive nutrition screening guideline may facilitate healthcare staff in performing nutrition screening.

Introduction: Older persons are more susceptible to malnutrition. However, malnutrition identification through nutrition screening is not routinely performed in Malaysia’s health clinics due to no specific nutrition screening guideline and validated tool in this setting. This study aimed to develop a nutrition screening guideline for older patients and assess its feasibility for use by healthcare staff in health clinic setting. Methods: This study was conducted in three phases. In Phase I, needs assessment was conducted amongst healthcare staff. Development of nutrition screening guideline in Phase II involved scoping review and validation amongst six experts and twelve healthcare staff. In Phase III, twenty-two healthcare staff participated in feasibility assessment using in-depth interviews after completing nutrition screening in older patients. Interview data was analysed thematically using NVivo Software 12.0. Results: A Malay language version of nutrition screening guideline in A4-sized with 31 pages was developed and validated. Items with a content validity index ≥0.83 from experts review were retained, while <0.83 were revised accordingly. Validation amongst healthcare staff showed positive responses. The guideline was then assessed for feasibility, where 110 older patients (mean age= 68.7±6.1 years) were screened by healthcare staff using the newly developed nutrition screening guideline. Four themes emerged from in-depth interviews: 1) Ease of use; 2) Identification and management of malnutrition; 3) Acceptability; and 4) Implementation of nutrition screening. Conclusion: The newly developed and validated nutrition screening guideline is well-accepted and feasible for healthcare staff to screen older patients in health clinic setting for timely malnutrition identification and management.