Objective To analyze the etiologic factors and clinical manifestation of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants.Methods One hundred and seventy-two preterm infants from June 2005 to August 2006 were accrued to investigate their gestational age,birth weight,birth history,and clinical symptoms.Cranial chromatic ultrasound was used to scan the preterm infants and diagnose IVH.Results 1.The incidence of IVH was associated with gestational age (?2=6.40 P=0.011);2.The incidence of IVH was also associated with birth weight(?2=26.49 P=0);3.IVH usually occurred within 72 h with mild clinical manifestations and was diagnosed within 5 days after birth;4.IVH occurred more frequently and more severe in infants with severe asphyxia than those with mild asphyxia.Conclusions Early gestational age,low birth weight, and severe asphyxia are risk factors for IVH.The clinical symptoms of IVH are usually mild in most patients.Cranial chromatic ultrasound is a reliable,sensitive and convenient method of detection for IVH in preterm infants.

Effect of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement-mediated expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) in synovial fibroblasts was investigated. Synovial tissue obtained from total knee arthroplasty was digested and cultured. Inverted microscope was employed to observe the synovial cells and immunocytochemistry (SABC method) staining was used to identify synovial fibroblasts. This experiment was divided into three groups according to different culture media: PMMA group (75 μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles), IL-6R antibody group (10 ng/mL IL-6R antibody+75 μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles), and control group (no IL-6R antibody or PMMA bone cement particles). Influence of IL-6R antibody and PMMA on proliferation of synovial fibroblasts was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). ELISA method was used to measure OPG and RANKL levels in culture solution. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR (FQ-PCR) was used to detect the expression of OPG and RANKL mRNA. After three consecutive passages, more than 95% of the primary synovial cells became long spindle fibroblast-like cells. SABC staining results showed that the fibroblast-like cells were negative for anti-CD68 antibody and positive for anti-vimentin antibody, with brown madder stained. CCK-8 test demonstrated that the absorbance (A) value at 450 nm was significantly lower in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group (P<0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference in A value at 450 nm between the control group and PMMA group (P>0.05). Results of ELISA indicated that the expression of OPG was significantly higher in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group (P<0.01). The expression of RANKL was inhibited (P<0.05), and the ratio of OPG/RANKL was significantly increased in IL-6R antibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. There was no significant difference in the expression of OPG between control group and PMMA group (P>0.05), but the expression of RANKL was higher in PMMA group than in control group (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference in the ratio of OPG/RANKL between them (P<0.05). Results of FQ-PCR revealed the expression of RANKL mRNA was significantly inhibited (P<0.01) and the expression of OPG mRNA was significantly increased (P<0.01) in IL-6R antibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. The expression of RANKL mRNA was higher in PMMA group than in control group (P<0.05), but the expression of OPG mRNA had no significant difference between them (P>0.05). IL-6R antibody could significantly increase the expression of OPG, but inhibit the expression of RANKL, which might provide a theoretical basis of molecular biology for the prevention and treatment of aseptic loosening of prosthesis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the role and mechanisms of FOXO3a nuclear translocation in neuronal apoptosis after hypoxia-ischemia (HI).

METHODSOne hundred and sixty 10-day-old Sprague-Dawly rats were randomly divided into two groups: HI and sham-operated. The right common carotid artery was ligated followed by hypoxia exposure for 2.5 hours in the HI group. The sham-operated group rats were not subjected to carotid artery ligation or hypoxia treatment. Rat cerebral cortex was collected at 0.5, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours after hypoxia. Western blot was used to detect expression of total FOXO3a protein, pnuclear and cytoplasmic FOXO3a and Bim. TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptotic cells.

RESULTSThe nuclear protein of FOXO3a obviously increased from 0.5 to 24 hours after HI in a time-dependent manner compared with the sham-operated group (P<0.01). On the contrary, cytoplasmic protein evidently decreased from 0.5 to 24 hours in the HI group compared with the sham-operated group (P<0.01). Bim protein increased from 0.5 hour, peaked at 2 hours, started to decline at 4 hours (P<0.01), and returned to baseline level at 8 and 24 hours after HI in the HI group compared with the sham-operated group. TUNEL positive cells started to express at 4 hours, and peaked at 24 hours after HI (P<0.01). However, TUNEL positive cells were rarely found in the sham-operated group.

CONCLUSIONSHI induces FOXO3a translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus, and enhances protein expression of its target gene Bim in the neonatal rat brain. The upregulation of Bim expression might be related to neuronal apoptosis.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; analysis ; Bcl-2-Like Protein 11 ; Female ; Forkhead Box Protein O3 ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; genetics ; physiology ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; pathology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; analysis ; Neurons ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEPercutaneous ultrasound-guided thermal ablation is one of the major treatment methods for liver cancer. Tumor location close to the diaphragm or gastrointestinal tract was regarded as the treatment contraindication before due to poor visibility of the tumor or increased risk of thermal injury to the adjacent organs. This study used artificial pleural effusion or ascites to extend the indications of thermal ablation for liver cancer.

METHODSArtificial pleural effusion (20 cases) or ascites (36 cases) was performed in 56 difficult cases of percutaneous thermal ablation for liver tumors. The technical success rates, the rate of approaching the procedure goal, complications, and local treatment response were assessed.

RESULTSThe technical success rates were 95% (19/20) for artificial pleural effusion and 100% (36/36) for artificial ascites, the achieve purpose rates were 100% (19/19) and 91.7% (33/36), the complete ablation rates were 84.2% (16/19) and 93.9% (31/33), respectively. Coughing, transient hematuria, and subcutaneous effusion were observed in 3 patients after the procedure of artificial pleural effusion, and hydrothorax in the right chest occurred in 1 patient during the artificial ascites process.

CONCLUSIONSThermal ablation with the use of artificial pleural effusion or ascites is a safe and effective treatment for liver tumors, and the technique can widen the indications of thermal ablation for liver tumors.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ascites ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cough ; etiology ; Female ; Glucose ; administration & dosage ; Hematuria ; etiology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Male ; Microwaves ; Middle Aged ; Pleural Effusion ; Ultrasonography, Interventional ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of green light laser in complex posterior urethral stricture after surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods Green light laser was applied in treating 20 cases of complex iatrogenic posterior urethral stricture.Of these cases,12 had false passages,5 had more than 2 strictures and 5 had concurrently urethratresia.The scar tissues were transure- thrally vaporized and resected.The in-dwelling urethral catheter time was 1-2 months after operation. Results All the patients were initially cured without serious complications.The mean operative time was 39 rain (range,30-65 min).During the follow-up of 2-10 months,1 case had mild incontinence:another case (Q_(max)＜9ml/s 2 weeks after surgery) got satisfactory results(Q_(max)＞15ml/s)after the scheduled urethral dilatation.The other 18 cases were treated successfully and voided fluently with postoperative Q_(max)＞15ml/s in all.Conclusions It is suggested that transurethral green light laser procedure is not only safe and ef- fective,but also simple and minimally iuvasive for complex posterior urethral stricture following surgical treat- ment of BPH.

Effect of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement-mediated expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) in synovial fibroblasts was investigated. Synovial tissue obtained from total knee arthroplasty was digested and cultured. Inverted microscope was employed to observe the synovial cells and immunocytochemistry (SABC method) staining was used to identify synovial fibroblasts. This experiment was divided into three groups according to different culture media: PMMA group (75 μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles), IL-6R antibody group (10 ng/mL IL-6R antibody+75 μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles), and control group (no IL-6R antibody or PMMA bone cement particles). Influence of IL-6R antibody and PMMA on proliferation of synovial fibroblasts was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). ELISA method was used to measure OPG and RANKL levels in culture solution. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR (FQ-PCR) was used to detect the expression of OPG and RANKL mRNA. After three consecutive passages, more than 95% of the primary synovial cells became long spindle fibroblast-like cells. SABC staining results showed that the fibroblast-like cells were negative for anti-CD68 antibody and positive for anti-vimentin antibody, with brown madder stained. CCK-8 test demonstrated that the absorbance (A) value at 450 nm was significantly lower in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group (P<0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference in A value at 450 nm between the control group and PMMA group (P>0.05). Results of ELISA indicated that the expression of OPG was significantly higher in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group (P<0.01). The expression of RANKL was inhibited (P<0.05), and the ratio of OPG/RANKL was significantly increased in IL-6R antibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. There was no significant difference in the expression of OPG between control group and PMMA group (P>0.05), but the expression of RANKL was higher in PMMA group than in control group (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference in the ratio of OPG/RANKL between them (P<0.05). Results of FQ-PCR revealed the expression of RANKL mRNA was significantly inhibited (P<0.01) and the expression of OPG mRNA was significantly increased (P<0.01) in IL-6R antibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. The expression of RANKL mRNA was higher in PMMA group than in control group (P<0.05), but the expression of OPG mRNA had no significant difference between them (P>0.05). IL-6R antibody could significantly increase the expression of OPG, but inhibit the expression of RANKL, which might provide a theoretical basis of molecular biology for the prevention and treatment of aseptic loosening of prosthesis.
Antibodies ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Bone Cements ; Fibroblasts ; immunology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Humans ; Osteoprotegerin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; administration & dosage ; Prostheses and Implants ; RANK Ligand ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, Interleukin-6 ; immunology ; metabolism ; Synovial Fluid ; immunology ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of low molecular weight heparin (Fraxiparine) in rescuing venous crisis of island skin flap.

METHODSOf the 73 patients with venous crisis of island skin flap, 47 received subcutaneous injection of low-molecular-weight heparin (group I) and 26 were treated with phlebotomy, local compression and topical application of unfractionated heparin solution gauze (group II).

RESULTSThe flap survival ratio was (88.46∓8.64)% in group I and (38.37∓6.53)% in group II (P<0.001). At 0, 2, and 4 h after injection of low-molecular-weight heparin, the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was obviously delayed (24.28∓6.71, 41.35∓7.64 and 32.34∓6.35, respectively, P<0.01), FXa:C level was significantly decreased (152.4∓30.7, 65.8∓24.4 and 83.4∓18.4, respectively, P<0.01), while FIIa:C level underwent no obvious alterations (155.70∓31.61, 143.20∓24.75, and 143.4∓23.35, respectively, P=NS).

CONCLUSIONFraxiparine has good antithrombotic efficacy in rescuing venous crisis of island skin flap without adverse effect on systemic coagulation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nadroparin ; therapeutic use ; Surgical Flaps ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of thyroxin and monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR expression in senior patients with sepsis and explore their clinical significance.

METHODSAccording to the 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS international sepsis definitions, 125 senior patients with sepsis free of thyroid conditions were divided into non-severe sepsis group (n=86) and severe sepsis group (n=39), with another 30 healthy subjects as the control. Thyroid function was assayed by chemoluminescence method in these patients and monocyte HLA-DR expression was determined by flow cytometry.

RESULTSCompared with the control group and non-severe sepsis cases, the levels of free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4), T3, T4 and monocyte HLA-DR expression were significantly lower in severe sepsis cases (P<0.05), but the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were comparable between the 3 groups (P>0.05). The non-severe sepsis cases showed significantly lower levels of FT3, FT4, T3, T4, TSH and monocyte HLA-DR expression than the control group (P<0.05). In severe sepsis group, the levels of FT3, FT4, T3, T4 and monocyte HLA-DR expression showed significant differences between the fatal cases and surviving cases (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe levels of thyroxin and monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR expression are obviously lower in senior patients with severe sepsis, and their detection may well indicate the severity of the condition and help make prognostic judgment.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; HLA-DR Antigens ; blood ; immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Monocytes ; metabolism ; Pneumonia ; complications ; Sepsis ; blood ; etiology ; immunology ; Thyrotropin ; blood ; Thyroxine ; blood ; Triiodothyronine ; blood

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the effects of exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on biological characteristics of rat osteoblasts cultured in vitro.

METHODSThe osteoblasts isolated from a Sprague-Dawley rat and cultured in vitro were treated with different concentrations of bFGF (5-50 ng/ml) respectively. At 24 hours after treatment, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen was measured with immunocytochemistry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined and the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta(1)) was detected to observe the effects of bFGF on growth and differentiation of osteoblasts.

RESULTSbFGF (5-50 ng/ml) could obviously promote the growth of osteoblasts. The intracellular expression of TGF-beta(1) mRNA increased significantly, but the intracellular ALP content decreased.

CONCLUSIONSbFGF can obviously stimulate the proliferation of osteoblasts and promote the synthesis of TGF-beta(1), but cannot promote the differentiation of osteoblasts.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; pharmacology ; Osteoblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; analysis ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis ; surgery ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Robotics ; Ureteral Obstruction ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures ; methods