Plastic bronchitis is a “multiple-system” involved syndrome that is characterized by the formarion of thick,arborizing mucofibrinous tracheobronchial casts,which can result in hard breathing or pulmonary failure.Plastic bronchitis in children occurs following correction of complex cardiac defects,or in children with inflammatory pulmonary conditions.It is a condition of unknown causes and has different clinical manifestations.Early diagnosis is very important and so far endoscopic removal of the casts is the most effective measure.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of different density of Levobupivacaine for combined spinal and epidural anesthesia (CSEA) in elder patients. METHODS: Sixty elder patients undergoing transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups: Group Ⅰ(n=20,hypobaric group) received 0.75% Levobupivacaine 1 mL+ 0.5 mL 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection,Group Ⅱ(n=20,isobaric group) received 0.75% Levobupivacaine 1 mL+0.5 mL cerebrospinal fluid,and Group Ⅲ(n=20,hyperbaric group) received 1 mL 0.75% Levobupivacaine+0.5 mL 10% Glucose. RESULTS: All the 3 groups achieved satisfactory anesthetic efficacy. The incidences of hypotension,nausea,vomiting and shivering were significantly lower in Group Ⅲ than in other two groups (Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ)(P

Objective To compare the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with diabetes treated with actrapid monotard analog or actrapid monotard. Methods One hundred and twenty patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into actrapid monotard analog group and actrapid monotard group with 60 cases in each by admission number. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), HbA1c were obtained and analyzed. Results The overall cure rate were similar between actrapid monotard analog group and actrapid monotard group (83.3%, 50/60 vs. 86.7%, 52/60, P ＞ 0.05 ). There was no significant difference in FBG, 2hPBG before treatment between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but there was significant difference at 2 weeks after treatment between two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ) . There was no significant difference in HbA1c before treatment between two groups (P＞ 0.05 ) ,but there was significant difference at 3 months after treatment between two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ). FBG, 2hPBG, HbA1c after treatment were improved compared with before treatment in two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Actrapid monotard analog provides better blood glucose control compare with actrapid monotard while providing the convenience of injecting immediately before meals.

JM is a acute lymphocytic leukemia cell line derived from immature T lymphocytes in human thymus.We bserved the immunoregulation effect of supernatants from JM cell culture(SPN_(JM))onproliferation of human B ymphocytes and mouse spleen cells by using purified human B lymphocytesand mouse spleen cells stimulated with AC.It is showed that SPN_(JM),which suppresses T lymphocyteproliferation,enhance the proliferation response of uman B cell and mouse spleen cells stimulatedwith SAC.Without inducement of SAC,SPN_(JM) with HrIL-2 still nhances B lympohocyteproliferation.Additionally,SPN_(JM) is able to up regulate T cell proliferation response at lowconcentration(1:640)although it suppresses T cell proliferation at high concentration.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the feasibility of defined individual treatment course as evaluation index of rational use of drugs.METHODS:The doses of antibiotics and treatment course in 63 patients with type Ⅰ incision operation of our hospital in Jan.2010 were taken as examples.Case analysis,DUI evaluation and defined individual treatment course evaluation were adopted.Similar results were obtained by 3 kinds of methods.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Results of 3 kinds of methods are consistent.DUI evaluation isn't closely associated with treatment course.Defined individual treatment course is more sensitive and available than DUI based on the introduction of dose and treatment course.

Objective To understand the epidemic situation,epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of import?ed malaria in Donghai County,Lianyungang City from 2005 to 2015. Methods The epidemiological data of imported malaria in Donghai County from 2005 to 2015 were collected and analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 126 imported malaria cases were reported in Donghai County from 2005 to 2015,including 101 falciparum malaria cases (80.19%),13 ovale malaria cases(10.32%),7 vivax malaria cases(5.56%),4 quartan malaria cases(3.17%),and 1 case with mixed infection(0.79%). These cases were distributed in 14 towns,and mainly in 4 towns namely Niushan,Tuofeng,Shil?iu,and Huangchuan,and the cases in the 4 towns accounted for 63.49% of the total cases. The cases occurred in the whole year,but the peak period of the disease was in April,which was related to the returned time of these patients from foreign coun?tries. All the patients were male and aged from 20 to 55 years,and those aged from 20 to 50 years accounted for 90.70%. Con?clusions The epidemic situation of imported malaria presents a rising trend in Donghai County in recent 10 years. To control imported malaria,the above?mentioned 4 towns with more migrant construction workers and businessmen should be treated as key areas. Meanwhile,the floating population management,disposal of the malaria epidemic spots,mosquito vector monitoring as well as health education should be strengthened.

AIM To study the effect l-menthol pretreated nasal cavity on insulin pharmacological bioavailability(PBA). METHODS To set up diabetic rats model,nasal cavities were pretreated with l-menthol for two hours,insulin was dripped, blood glucose concentrations of different time were determined,and the area over the curve (AOC) and pharmacological bioavailability(PBA) were calculated. RESULTS After rats nasal cavity was pretreated with different concentrations l-menthol, nasal cavity absorption of insulin markedly increased between 2 h and 3 h,and PBA of insulin nasal cavity absorption increased respectively 5.77,7.00 and 3.12 times than control group. CONCLUSION l-Menthol promotes the nasal cavity absorption of insulin.

AIM: To study the effects of l-menthol and its binary systems on percutaneous penetration and deposit effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). METHODS: Percutaneous absorption experiment was performed on the apparatus of isolated skin, penetrated amounts of different times of 5-FU were determined, the cumulate penetrated amounts and permeation rates and increased permeation times were calculated, and the deposit effect of 5-FU was investigated. RESULTS: L-menthol of different concentrations could significantly enhance the percutaneous penetration of 5-FU, its increased permeation times were 1.25 and 1.45 and 1.37 times respectively,and the action of 5-FU with 2% l-menthol was the strongest. 5-FU with 2% and 4% l-menthol had a marked deposit effect. When some kinds of enhancers were used alone or combined with l-menthol, the percutaneous penetration of 5-FU had a significantly increase. CONCLUSION: L-menthol and its binary systems can markedly promote the percutaneous penetration and the deposit effect of 5-FU.

Thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke has received wide attention. Now the thrombolytic therapy mainly includes intervenous thrombolysis, intra-arterial thrombolysis, combination of intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis, and mechanical thrombolysis. The review mainly presents the recent progress in this field.