OBJECTIVETo investigate the dietary phytosterol intake of elderly women in three different cities of China, and to compare the main dietary sources, so that to discuss the relationship of dietary phytosterol intake and serum lipids.

METHODSBased on the dietary pattern, women more than 50 years old from Beijing, Hefei and Urumchi were chosen as testers, 80 - 100 people for each city respectively. The dietary survey was done by continues 24 hours review of two days, the plant food were collected and the phytosterol content (include beta-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, sitostanol) were analyzed by GC methods, the total phytosterols content were calculated. The dietary phytosterol intake were calculated and serum lipids were also analyzed in all the testers.

RESULTSTesters from Beijing, Hefei and Urumchi were 100, 101 and 84 respectively. The average dietary phytosterol intake of people in Beijing and Hefei were 340.3 mg/d and 313.5 mg/d, the main sources were plant oil and cereals, while the average dietary phytosterol intake of people in Urumchi were 550.4 mg/d, higher than the other two cities (t values were 9.369, 10.420, respectively, both P values < 0.01), the main source in Urumchi was cereal (provide 53.1% of the total phytosterol intake). The laboratory results showed, testers in Urumchi had significantly lower serum TC content ((4.04 +/- 0.78) mmol/L) than that in Beijing ((4.89 +/- 0.91) mmol/L) and Hefei ((4.71 +/- 0.83) mmol/L) (t value were 6.766 and 5.401 respectively, both P values < 0.01); serum TG content in Urumchi((1.01 +/- 0.48) mmol/L) was also lower than that in Beijing ((1.31 +/- 0.53) mmol/L) and Hefei ((1.66 +/- 0.75) mmol/L) (t values were 3.343 and 7.293 respectively, both P values < 0.01); the serum glucose is also lower in testers in Urumchi ((5.02 +/- 2.18) mmol/L) compared with testers in Beijing ((5.69 +/- 1.53) mmol/L, t = 2.561, P < 0.05) and Hefei ((5.78 +/- 1.53) mmol/L, t = 2.934, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONDifferent dietary pattern result in significantly different dietary phytosterol intake in elder women in three cities, higher, phytosterol intake seemed to contribute to lower serum lipids.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Cholesterol ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; Cholesterol, Dietary ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Phytosterols ; blood ; metabolism ; Sitosterols ; blood ; Urban Population

Objective To explore the data accuracy acquired by the anesthesia information management system.Methods Totally 100 patients from two hospitals were selected randomly,whose anesthesia time was estimated more than 1 h.The vital signs data acquired by the system were compared with those by the monitor once every 5 min±30 s,and totally there were 12 times of comparison executed.SAS 9.2 software was used for statistical analysis.Results In FAS set the system had the total data accuracy being 100％,95％ credibility interval from 86.87％ to 97.30％ and the BMDL higher than 85％;in PPS set he total data accuracy was 100％,95％ credibility interval was from 92.89％ to 100％ and the BMDL was also higher than 85％.The system gained "Excellent" or "Good" grade in system response,stability,functional interface operability and the accuracy of special functions.Conclusion The system acquires and stores the vital signs data automatically and accurately,enhances anesthesia information in objectivity,authenticity and tractability,and has high values for enhancing anesthesia safety,medical safety and scientific research.

This study was aimed to investigate the changes of cytokine contents in single donor platelets (SDPs) collected by using MCS(+), Trima, Amicus blood cell separators during storage. 18 portions of SDPs were collected by MCS(+), Trima, Amicus blood cell separators, were preserved in standard condition of blood bank, the levels of cytokines such as IL-8, RANTES, CD154, TGF-beta(1) and VEGF were detected by ELISA at 1, 3, 5, 7 days during storage. The results showed that the levels of IL-8, RANTES, CD154, TGF-beta(1) and VEGF in SDPs collected by blood cell separators MCS(+), Trima, and Amicus gradually increased with prolonging of time during storage, but the increase of IL-8 level in SDPs collected by MCS(+) separator was significant difference from SDPs collected by Trime and Amicus separators (p < 0.05). It is concluded that the all collected SDPs mentioned above express IL-8, RANTES, CD154, TGF-beta(1) and VEGF during storage, and their cytokine levels show a tendency to increase with prolonging of time during storage, apheresis platelets with less leukocytes express IL-8 lower.
Blood Platelets ; metabolism ; CD40 Ligand ; blood ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Chemokine CCL5 ; blood ; Cytokines ; blood ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Platelet Count ; Specimen Handling ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; blood ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood

Adult ; Azoospermia/parasitology* ; Hormones/blood* ; Humans ; Infertility, Male/parasitology* ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Testicular Diseases/parasitology* ; Trichomonas Infections/parasitology* ; Trichomonas vaginalis

Objective: To observe the effect of Shoutaiwan and Shaoyao Gancao Tang on recurrent spontaneous abortion due to spleen and kidney Qi deficiency. Method: Totally 80 eligible patients were randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group, with 90 cases in each group. The control group was treated with lymphocyte immune; the Shoutaiwan and Shaoyao Gancao Tang combined with lymphocyte immune was applied in the treatment group. Coagulation function[the part plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), fibrinogen (FIB), type plasminogen activator (t-PA), prothrombin time (PT), D-dimer (D-D) and tissue factor (TF), fibrin peptide A (FPA), fibrinogen (Fig), Plasminase-antifibrinolytic complex (PAP), glycoprotein platelet particle-140 (GMP-140), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT)], serum closed antibody (CD3⁺,CD4⁺,CD8⁺,CD4⁺/CD8⁺), inflammatory factor interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10)]were scored after the treatment. The rates of birth and adverse reactions in each group were compared. The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome differentiation of abortion spleen and kidney Qi deficiency was scored. Result: 5 cases were lost during the study period. The term delivery rate was 92.0%in the treatment group, which was higher than 73.6%in control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 97.7%in the treatment group, which was higher than 81.6%in control group (P<0.05). The coagulation function indexes (PAI-1, FIB, t-PA,D-D, PAP, GMP-140, TAT), closed antibodies (CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺), inflammatory factors (IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-1β) and TCM syndrome scores were significantly lower in the treatment group than that in control group (P<0.05). Coagulation function indexes (PT,TF,FPA,Fig), serum blocking antibodies (CD8⁺), inflammatory factors IL-10 were significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in treatment group was 10.3%(9/87), which was lower than 22.7%in control group (20/88) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Shoutaiwan and Shaoyao Gancao Tang have a remarkable effect on recurrent spontaneous abortion case by spleen and kidney Yang deficiency.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the blood test patterns for blood donors after nucleic acid detection in blood center.

METHODSThe collected blood samples after voluntary blood donors first were detected by conventional ELISA, then 31981 negative samples were detected via HBV/HCV/HIV combined nucleic acid test of 6 mixed samples(22716 cases) or single samples(9265 cases) by means of Roche cobas s201 instrument. The combined detection method as follows: the blood samples were assayed by conventional nucleic acid test of 6 mixed samples, at same time, 6 mixed samples were treated with polyethylene glycol precipitation method to concentrate the virus, then the nucleic acid test of blood samples was performed; the single detection method as follows: firstly the conventional nucleic acid test of single sample was performed, then the positive reactive samples after re-examination were 6-fold diluted to simulate the nucleic acid test of 6-mixed samples. The positive rate of positive samples detected by combined nucleic acid test, positive samples detected by nucleic acid test of mixed virus concentration and positive samples detected by single nucleic acid test was statistically analyzed. In addition, for HBVpersons the serological test yet should be performed.

RESULTSIn 22 716 samples detected by nucleic acid test of 6 mixed samples (MP-6-NAT) , 9 cases were HBV(0.40‰, 9/22716); at same time, the detection of same samples by nucleic acid test of mixed sample virus concentration showed 29 cases of HBV(1.28‰, 29/22716). In 9265 samples detected by single nucleic acid test(ID-NAT) 12 cases showed HBV(1.30‰, 12/9265), meanwhile the detection of these 12 samples with HBVby 6-fold dilution for virus concentration found only 4 samples with HBV. In serological qualified samples, ID-NAT unqualified rate was 1.28‰, which was higher than that of MP-6-NAT(0.4‰) (χ=8.11, P<0.05); but there was no statistical difference between unqualified rate of ID-NAT and MP-6-NAT(1.3‰ vs 1.28‰)(χ=0.00, P>0.05). In 41 samples with HBsAgHBV DNAdetected by ELISA, 36 samples were confirmed to be occult HBV infective(OBI) by HBsAb, HBcAb test of ELISA; out of these 41 samples, 33 samples showed HBcAb(91.66% of OBI), 5 might be HBV "window period" infective, moreover the HCV RNA and HIV RNA positive samples were not found.

CONCLUSIONTo avoid the missdiagnosis of donors with low level of virus, the nucleic acid test must be carried out after virus concentration of mixed samples when the blood test pattern of donors is nucleic acid test of mixed samples, otherwise the single nucleic acid test must be performed to obtain more high detected rate of virus nucleic acid. The HBcAb serologic test and physical examination of donors before blood donation must be enhanced on basis of serological test of HBsAg; for high risk people, the persuading no blood donation is simplest pattern.

Objective:To summarize the patient profiles and therapeutic efficacies of ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantations at 19 domestic transplant centers and provide rationales for clinical application of ABOi-KT.Methods:Clinical cases of ABO-incompatible/compatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT/ABOc-KT) from December 2006 to December 2009 were collected. Then, statistical analyses were conducted from the aspects of tissue matching, perioperative managements, complications and survival rates of renal allograft or recipients.Results:Clinical data of 342 ABOi-KT and 779 ABOc-KT indicated that (1) no inter-group differences existed in age, body mass index (BMI), donor-recipient relationship or waiting time of pre-operative dialysis; (2) ABO blood type: blood type O recipients had the longest waiting list and transplantations from blood type A to blood type O accounted for the largest proportion; (3) HLA matching: no statistical significance existed in mismatch rate or positive rate of PRA I/II between two types of surgery; (4) CD20 should be properly used on the basis of different phrases; (5) hemorrhage was a common complication during an early postoperative period and microthrombosis appeared later; (6) no difference existed in postoperative incidence of complications or survival rate of renal allograft and recipients at 1/3/5/10 years between ABOi-KT and ABOc-KT. The acute rejection rate and serum creatinine levels of ABOi-KT recipients were comparable to those of ABOc-KT recipients within 1 year.Conclusions:ABOi-KT is both safe and effective so that it may be applied at all transplant centers as needed.

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in tertiary hospitals in major regions of China in 2022.Methods Clinical isolates from 58 hospitals in China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2022 Clinical &Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)breakpoints.Results A total of 318 013 clinical isolates were collected from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022,of which 29.5％were gram-positive and 70.5％were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species(excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi)was 28.3％,76.7％and 77.9％,respectively.Overall,94.0％of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 90.8％of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis showed significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 94.2％in the isolates from children and 95.7％in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 13.1％in most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,21.7％-23.1％of which were resistant to carbapenems.Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.1％to 13.3％.The prevalence of meropenem-resistant strains decreased from 23.5％in 2019 to 18.0％in 2022 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and decreased from 79.0％in 2019 to 72.5％in 2022 in Acinetobacter baumannii.Conclusions The resistance of clinical isolates to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still increasing in tertiary hospitals.However,the prevalence of important carbapenem-resistant organisms such as carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a downward trend in recent years.This finding suggests that the strategy of combining antimicrobial resistance surveillance with multidisciplinary concerted action works well in curbing the spread of resistant bacteria.