Gene Targeting ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; pharmacology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; physiopathology

Objective To evaluate the effect of peer educatio n program by the application of the peer education on human immunodeficiency vir us/aeguired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS) prevention and the analysis of the change on knowledge, attitude and behavior about HIV/AIDS among technical sc hool students in Shanghai. Methods Three technical schools in Shanghai were selected randomly. Two classes of each school were selected randomly as education group and the students added up to 284.Two hundred and sixty-one students of another 2 classes in each school were selected as the interior control group. Some freshmen came from medical un iversity were carefully trained as peer educators to conduct the education inclu ding 6 models. The same questionnaires were carried before and after the educati on in both groups. Results After peer education the score of average knowledge abo ut reproductive health, HIV/AIDS, STD was significantly higher than before (P 0.05). Conclusions The conduction of the peer education on HIV/AIDS pr evention among technical school students is effective in promoting the knowledge level,but the change of attitude and behavior is a long term. So we highly adv ocate that not only the health education for HIV/AIDS especially safe sex shall be given and strengthened among technical school students in order to promote t he notion of self-protection but also the conception of care others especially t he HIV/AIDS. J Appl Clin Pediatr,2005,20(2):167-169

Objective To explore the clinical features and treatment of eosinophilic lymphoid granuloma(ELG) in children,in order to increase understanding of the disease.Methods Clinical features,laboratory examination,pathological examination,treatment and the-(rapeutic) effect of 5 patients with ELG were retrospectively studied,and the related literature were reviewed.Results Five cases were all boys.They all presented many subcutaneous swellings and lymphadenopathy.A case among them was associated with nephrotic syndrome,and 2 cases had the complication of eczema repeatedly,and 1 case ever had 2 times episodes of asthmatiform bronchitis.All of them had no hepatomegaly and splenomegaly,physically was well developed.Only chemotherapy was supplied to all the patients.During the course of therapy,4 cases among them recurred.After that,they were successfully treated with irradiation of lesion or cyclosporine(CsA).Conclusions ELG in children is as same as adult in clinicopathological features.It tends recur only with chemotherapy.We can get better curative effect with the synthetic treatment of chemotherapy,radiotherapy,operation or oral CsA and so on.

A new steroidal ester, beta-rosaterol palmitate (1) along with ten known compounds, uvaol(2), 3-epi-ursolic acid (3), 2alpha, 3beta, 24-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (4), 2alpha, 3alpha, 24-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (5), 2alpha, 3alpha, 24-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (6), 2alpha, 3alpha, 24-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (7), (Z)-9-hexadecenoic acid (8), octacosyl alcohol (9), beta-sitosterol (10) and beta-daucosterol (11), has been isolated from the stems and leaves of Vitex trifolia. Their structures were elucidated using a combination of 1D and 2D NMR techniques (COSY, HMQC, and HMBC)and HR-ESI-MS analyses. Compounds 2-7 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Vitex ; chemistry

This paper presents a new method for automatically segmenting brain parenchyma and cerebrospinal fluid in routine single-echo MR images. This method is based on the coupled Markov models. They can model intensity measurement at each voxel site to implement piecewise smoothness constraint, and at the same time, model discontinuities to control the interaction between each pair of the neighboring voxel. The method is to derive the maximum a posteriori estimate of the regions and the boundaries by using Bayesian inference and neighborhood constraints based on Markov random fields (MRFs) models. This method has the following desirable properties: (1) the brain image can be well classified into white matter, grey matter and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and (2) it has a better robustness to noise and intensity inhomogeneity.
Algorithms ; Artificial Intelligence ; Brain ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; methods ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Markov Chains ; Models, Statistical

Objective To investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in impaired wound healing of diabetes mellitus.Methods The back skin defect was produced in rats with type1diabetes.All of these rats were divided into normal group, diabetes group, lithium chloride group, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) group.The back wound healing and β-catenin expression were observed.Results There were no signs of infection in the wound of rats after injury.Compared with diabetic group, the wound healing time was shorter,wound healing rate was higher, wound cavity volume was smaller, granulation tissue was more mature, and β-catenin positive cell rate was higher in normal group, lithium chloride group, and EGF group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusions Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the process of wound healing in diabetic rats.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Thrombasthenia ; classification ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the roles of nitric oxide (NO) and eNOS in the pathogenesis of vasovagal syncope (VVS).

METHODSFourteen children with VVS (group A), 10 children with syncope other than vasovagal (group B) and 20 healthy volunteers (group C) were enrolled. Plasma NO levels in groups A and B were determined before and at the termination of the head-up tilt table test (HUT). The G894T polymorphism within the eNOS gene was determined in the three groups.

RESULTSPlasma NO levels in group A increased significantly when syncope attacked from 76.7+/-9.6 micromol/L (before HUT) to 90.0+/-11.4 micromol/L (P<0.05). After the syncope attack was improved, plasma NO level in group A was significantly reduced. There were no statistical differences in plasma NO levels before and after the HUT in group B. Determining the G894T polymorphism within the eNOS gene showed that group A was associated with a higher incidence of the GT gene type as compared to groups B and C (42.9% vs 10%; P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPlasma NO may be involved in the pathogenesis of VVS. The increased plasma NO level may be associated with the G894T polymorphism of the eNOS gene.

Child ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; physiology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; genetics ; physiology ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Syncope, Vasovagal ; etiology

Objective To investigate the effects of Wuzhi capsules on tacrolimus concentration in heart transplant recipients and provide evidence for individualized dose optimization of tacrolimus.Methods Forty heart transplant recipients receiving Wuzhi capsules were enrolled in this study.Tacrolimus trough concentration was compared before and after coadminstration of Wuzhicapsules.Furthermore,polymorphisms of CYP3A4 * 1G and CYP3A5 * 3 were also detected to clarify correlations between genotypes and effects of Wuzhi capsule.Results Dose-normalized concentration of tacrolimus after coadministartion with Wuzhi capsules was 2.02-fold higher than before,the results of which was not associated with CYP3A4 * 1G and CYP3A5 * 3 genotypes.Wuzhi capsule could significantly decrease the total bilimbin (T-BiL),but not other hepatic and renal function.Conclusion Dose-normalized concentration of tacrolimus in heart transplant recipients is remarkably increased by Wuzhi capsule.The elevated trough levels rarely result in hepatic and renal toxicity.Wuzhi capsule is a safe,effective,and stable drug to increase the trough concentration of tacrolimus.

Background Interleukin-17 (IL-17)is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine and plays a pathogenic role in autoimmune disease.It was confirmed that IL-17 is implicated in allograft rejection of many transplanted organs.Recent studies have foensed on the effect of IL-17 antagonists on allograft rejection.Objective This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of anti-mouse IL-17 monoclonal antibody (mAb) on corneal allograft rejection.Methods Twenty-five 8 to 10-week-old C57BL/6 mice and 50 BALB/c mice were collected.Donor cornea grafts with 2 mm diameter from 25 C57BL/6 mice was transplanted to 50 eye of BALB/c mice to establish a model of corneal transplantation.The recipients were randomized into 2 groups,and neutralizing mouse IL-17antibody or isotype control antibody was intraperitoneally injected immediately after transplantation for experimental treatment,respectively.Allografts were scored clinically at appropriate time points after treatment based on Plskova criteria,and ≥5 was confirmed as rejection.Infiltrating cells in corneal graft were detected qualitatively and quantitatively by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR separately.The cytokine levels of T helper type 1 (Th1),Th2,and Th17 in recipients' spleen wer(c) analyzcd by ELISA.The use of the animals followed the Statement of ARVO.Results Compared with the isotype control antibody group,the survival of grafts was improved in the IL-17mAb group(P＜0.05).The levels of neutrophile granulocyte mRNA,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphotes mRNA were 2.22±0.10,1.64±0.04 and 1.32±0.10 in the IL-17 mAb group,showing a significant decline in comparison with those of the isotype control antibody group(3.61 ±0.08,2.69±0.06 and 2.17±0.04) (P=0.000,0.000,0.000).Interferon-γ(IFN-γ),IL-12 p40 and IL-17 concentrations in recipients ' splenocytes were (529.80 ± 13.83) ng/L,(539.58 ±10.74) ng/L and(173.70±8.11)ng/L in the IL-17 mAb group,and thosc in the isotype control antibody group were (741.48± 10.51) ng/L,(1156.90 ± 69.93) ng/L and (366.13± 7.93) ng/L,with significant differences between them (P=0.000,0.001,0.000).Conclusions Neutralization IL-17 bioactivity inhibits mouse corneal allograft rejection to a certain extent.