OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of simvastatin on the proliferation, cell cycle and expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells in vitro.

METHODSHepG2 cells were administrated with simvastatin. Proliferation of the cells was detected by MTT assay, cell cycle was measured by flowcytometry and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein expression was detected by immunocytochemistry. The results were evaluated by factorial design and one-way analysis of variance.

RESULTSSimvastatin inhibited HepG2 cells growth in vitro (F(concentration) = 1264, P value less than 0.001; F(time) = 17.466, P value less than 0.001; F(concentration*time) = 35.053, P value less than 0.001) and could arrest HepG2 cells in G0/G1 phase of cell cycle. However, apoptosis of HepG2 cells was not obvious. Simvastatin could also increase cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein expression (F = 512.133, P value less than 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSimvastatin can inhibit the growth of HepG2 cells in vitro, which may be explained by its effects of enhancing cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein expression and arresting HepG2 cells at G0/G1 phase of cell cycle.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; metabolism ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Simvastatin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo identify and clone the gene named pfstom gene which encoding the protein belonging to band 7 family and to do primary research on its function.

METHODSBased on the finished data in international public malaria database, coding sequence of pfstom cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR from FCC1/HN. Its phylogenetic profiles and the homogeny were analyzed by some softwares. After Prokaryotic expression, C terminal of Pfstom protein was expressed by Pet30a system. Recombinant Pfstom protein was used to immol/Lunize rabbit and then serum was harvested and the IgG was purified for Western blot.

RESULTSThe coding sequence of pfstom is 1,125 bp which encoding 374 amino acids with C-terminal fragment being homogenous to stomatin-like protein which belongs to band 7 family. Phylogenetic profiles analysis revealed its homogeny to stomatin. Western blot showed its stage-specific expression in trophozoite.

CONCLUSIONPfstom belongs to band-7 family. It was expressed specifically in trophozoite in erythrocyte stage of plasmodium falciparum. It was not expressed in ring stage. And it is membrane-related protein. All these results provided the foundation for further research on pfstom.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Blood Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plasmodium falciparum ; chemistry ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Protozoan Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of methylprednisolone (MP) on cellular component in donor graft and on H-2 haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in mice.

METHODSA murine model of H-2 haploidentical HSCT was established by using of c57BL/6J male mouse as donor and (c57BL/6J x LB/C) F1 female mouse as recipient. The donor mouse received peripheral-blood (PB) progenitor cells mobilization regimens consisted of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhGCSF) alone (control group) or combined with MP in dose of 2 mg/kg daily [small-dose (SD) group], 10 mg/kg daily [middle-dose (MD) group], and 50 mg/kg daily [large-dose (LD) group] respectively. Percentage of T cell subsets, DC1 (HLA-DR+CD11c+) and CD34+ cell in the grafts were detected by flow cytometry. Transplant rejection,severity of GVHD and survival time were observed.

RESULTSThe percentages of CD3+ T cell in donor grafts in the three groups were significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD3+ CD4+ T cells decreased more significantly than that of CD3+ CD8+ T cells, and CD4/CD8 ratios decreased significantly. The percentage of CD4+ CD25+ T cells increased significantly, the percentage of DC1( HLA-DR+CD11c+) decreased and the percentage of CD34+ cells increased in all the three groups than in control group. There were significant differences in the percentage of CD3+ T cells, CD3+ CD4+ T cells and CD34+ cells in donor grafts among SD group, MD group and LD group (P < 0.05). The engraftment rates in control, SD, MD and LD groups were 90%, 100%, 100% and 80% respectively. Severity of aGVHD in each study group decreased significantly compared with that in control group (P < 0.05). There were statistical differences among different dosage groups (P < 0.05). Survival time after transplantation in all study groups were significantly longer than that in control group (P < 0.05), and in MD group was significantly longer than in SD group and LD groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAddition of methylprednisolone to routine donor mice HSC mobilization regimen has a definite effect in alleviating aGVHD and prolonging survival time of mouse after H-2 haploidentical HSCT. With a suitable dosage addition of methylprednisolone to donor mice HSC mobilization regimen could avoid the increasing risk of graft rejection.

Animals ; Antigens, CD34 ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Female ; Graft Rejection ; prevention & control ; Graft vs Host Disease ; prevention & control ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; administration & dosage ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ((99)Tc(m)-MIBI) imaging in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) and prognosis in patients with operable breast cancer.

METHODSSixty five patients with breast cancer underwent (99)Tc(m)-MIBI scintimammography before NCT, and static planar images were taken at 10 min and 180 min after scintimammography. The clearance rate was calculated in each patient, correlation between the clearance rate and efficacy of NCT, and the disease free survival rate were analyzed.

RESULTSThe mean clearance rate of 65 patients was (17.4 ± 6.8)%. The efficacy of NCT was 86.2% (CR 4 cases, PR 52 cases, SD 8 cases, and PD 1 case), and the mean clearance rate of patients with good response or poor response of chemotherapy were (15.5 ± 5.0)% and (29.2 ± 3.2)%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups. The average disease free survival rate in the group with low clearance rate was (75.8%, P = 0.046), significantly higher than that in the group with high clearance rate (53.1%).

CONCLUSIONScintimammography of (99)Tc(m)-MIBI may be used to evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of NCT for patients with operable breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Disease-Free Survival ; Epirubicin ; therapeutic use ; Etoposide ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Remission Induction ; Taxoids ; therapeutic use ; Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi

Objective To understand the schistosomiasis control knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP),and influenc-ing factors of behaviors among residents in Jiangsu Province,so as to provide the evidence for making effective health education and health promotion models. Methods The probability proportionate to size sampling(PPS)and multi-stage sampling meth-ods were adopted to sample the research objects. A questionnaire survey of schistosomiasis control KAP was conducted in the res-idents of 16 to 69 years old in schistosomiasis endemic areas of Jiangsu Province,and the results were statistically analyzed. Re-sults The total awareness rate of the participants was 95.98%for schistosomiasis control knowledge. The correct rates of atti-tude and practice were 89.06%and 77.43%,respectively. The awareness/correct rates of knowledge,attitude and practice re-duced in turns significantly(χ2=1282.96,P<0.01). The knowledge awareness rate of fishermen and boatmen was 90.98%, but their attitude correct rate was only 53.81%(χ2=120.52,P<0.01). The unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that with the education level increasing,their practice correct rate rose,and the participants with the college degree or above had a higher correct rate compared to illeterate ones(OR=6.411,95%CI:4.896-8.395). The practice correct rate of the fisher-men and boatmen was only 5.1%of the rate of the farmers(OR=0.051,95%CI:0.029-0.091). Conclusions The total aware-ness rate of basic knowledge of schistosomiasis prevention and control in the residents of Jiangsu Province has reached the re-quirements in the"National Schistosomiasis Control Long-term Planning Outline(2004-2015)",but the correct rate of behav-iors is low. The education level,occupation and residential areas affect the health behaviors of schistosomiasis prevention and control. Therefore,it is necessary to carry out targeted health promotion activities to promote the formation of healthy lifestyle and behaviors.

In order to evaluate the diagnostic value of fibrotic bronchoscopy (FB) in the pulmonary infiltration following bone marrow transplantation (BMT), 18 patients with pulmonary complications after BMT from November 2003 to March 2006 were performed with FB. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and brushing were performed in patients who had received short-term empirical therapy without good response, and transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) was carried out in 3 cases. The results showed that 9 out of 10 cases with pulmonary infection, including bacterial pneumonia (n = 3), aspergillosis (n = 2), pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (n = 3) and viral infection (n = 1) were diagnosed by using FB. One case was diagnosed as tuberculosis after open lung biopsy following negative results from twice BAL. 2 out of 8 cases were diagnosed by TBLB as noninfectious pulmonary complications. In conclusion, FB, especially with BAL, is a safe and useful procedure for the evaluation of pulmonary complications, which is particularly suitable for diagnosis of pulmonary infection after BMT. Furthermore, TBLB should be recommended in order to avoid open lung biopsy, if the patients tolerate the operation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; microbiology ; parasitology ; Bronchoscopy ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; microbiology ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; microbiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate medium-long term patency of below-knee bypass on patients who suffered from diabetic lower limb ischemia.

METHODSClinical and follow-up data of 51 patients was retrospectively analyzed who underwent 56 below-knee bypass because of diabetes from November 2001 to December 2006. There were 35 male and 16 female with an average age of 68 years. They endured 26 months ischemic time lag in average, and had suffered from diabetes for 11 years. All of the patients were performed bypass to below-knee (posterior tibial, anterior tibial or peroneal) arteries. Kaplan-meier method was applied. The subgroups of different operative methods and different out-flow vessels were compared by Log-rank tests.

RESULTSAn average follow-up time of 23 months was achieved, and lost-follow-up rate was 15%. The total 1- and 5-year primary patent rates were 68% and 54% respectively, secondary patent rate were 70% and 60% respectively, limb salvage rates were 69% and 65%, survival rates were 82% and 60%. One year (3 years) of patent rate(s) of operative method subgroups of femoral-popliteal-infrageniculate bypass with composite grafts, femoral/popliteal-infrageniculate bypass with artificial grafts and femoral/popliteal-infrageniculate bypass with autologous veins were 70% (50%), 33% (33%) and 70% (70%) respectively. One year (4 years) of patent rate(s) of out-flow vessel subgroups of posterior tibial artery, anterior tibial artery and peroneal artery were 65% (60%), 80% (53%) and 77% (66%) respectively. However, both subgroups did not show any statistic differences by log-rank tests.

CONCLUSIONSPartial or whole autologous veins as bypass grafts should be chosen when infrageniculate bypass is considered in diabetic patients. Considerable patent rates are acceptable no matter what kinds of out-flow vessels are chosen.

Aged ; Diabetic Angiopathies ; surgery ; Female ; Femoral Artery ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ischemia ; etiology ; surgery ; Lower Extremity ; blood supply ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Popliteal Artery ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Saphenous Vein ; transplantation ; Tibial Arteries ; surgery ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods

AIM:To investigate the distribution and mechanism of M 1/M2 macrophages in inflammatory injury and repair process of renal tissues .METHODS: SD male rats ( n=45 ) were randomly divided into 2 parts: ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) renal injury.The rats with IRI were divided into sham operation group and operation groups (0, 6, 24, and 72 h after operation), and the rats with UUO were divided into sham operation group and operation groups (3, 7 and 14 d after operation).Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect serum levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen .The degree of renal injury in IRI group and UUO group were detected by HE staining.The expression of CD68 was examined by immunohistochemical staining .The levels of inducible nitric oxide syn-thase (iNOS), arginase-1 (Arg-1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were measured by ELISA.The polarizations of M1 ( CD68 +, F4/80 + and CD16/32 +) and M2 ( CD68 +, F4/80 +and CD206 +) macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry .RESULTS:In IRI group, the infiltration of CD68 +macrophages and the degree of injury were increased with the prolongation of time in the renal tissues .At 24 h, the tissue injury and macrophage infiltration were the most serious , but then decreased .At 72 h, the tissue damage and CD68 +macrophage in-filtration were significantly reduced .In UUO group, obstructive injury was increased with the prolongation of time , and at 14 d, marked fibrous hyperplasia occurred .The infiltration of CD68 +macrophages at 7 d was the most serious , but then reduced at 14 d.Flow cytometry analysis showed that M 1 macrophages were the majority in the early stages of UUO and IRI, and the result of ELISA identified the higher level of iNOS .At the late stage of injury , the M1 macrophages were de-creased, while the M2 macrophages were increased with higher level of Arg-1.M1 macrophage-mediated early injury was due to the induction of TNF-αexpression, and M2 macrophage-mediated later recovery was due to enhancing TGF-β1 levels.CONCLUSION:The polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages is involved in the processes of UUO and IRI .M1 macrophages play a key role in early injury , and M2 macrophages contribute to the late stage of fibrotic repair .The polari-zation of macrophages during renal injury and repair provides a guiding significance for the clinical treatment .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) to obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in patients with resistant hypertension (RH).

METHODSUPPP and modified UPPP were performed on 36 moderate and severe OSAHS patients, who also suffered from RH [who taking more than three kinds of antihypertensive drugs (including diuretics) and still not able to control blood pressure at 140/90 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa)]. Polysomnography monitoring, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, apnea hypopnea index (AHI), lowest saturation of blood oxygen (SaO2) and the changes of antihypertensive medication dosage were performed to the patients before and 6 months after the surgery.

RESULTSSix months after surgery,the total efficiency was 61.1% (22/36). The AHI median [25 quartile; 75 quartile] from 37.5 [26.0; 48.3]/h to 9.5 [9.0; 21.3]/h, the lowest the SaO2 average (x(-) ± s, the same below) increased from 0.655 ± 0.114 to 0.860 ± 0.037, the differences were statistically significant (P value < 0.05). 24 h systolic blood pressure, daytime systolic blood pressure, night contraction, diastolic and mean arterial pressure decreased from (160.8 ± 6.8), (170.5 ± 2.5), (163.6 ± 10.5), (100.8 ± 5.6) and (96.8 ± 7.5) mm Hg to (142.5 ± 7.3), (150.8 ± 7.6), (140.1 ± 6.4), (81.8 ± 7.4) and (93.7 ± 2.4) mm Hg, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The degrees of AHI descent and the average SaO2 improvement were concerned with the degree of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure decent (r > 0.80 and r(2) > 0.50). The average numbers of antihypertensive drugs decreased form (3.6 ± 0.5) to (2.9 ± 0.5) compared preoperatively and postoperatively, the difference was statistically significant (t = 5.537, P < 0.01). The use of antihypertensive medication reduced in 23 cases (23/36, 63.8%) compared preoperatively and postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONSThe blood pressure of the patients with OSAHS and RH dropped significantly after UPPP surgery. Recent follow-up shows that the varieties of antihypertensive drugs taken in these patients are reduced significantly after operation.

Adult ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palate ; surgery ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications ; surgery ; Uvula ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo explore the management of cerebral ischemia caused by Takayasu's arteritis.

METHODSOne hundred and three cases treated from 1984 to 2003 were reviewed including 92 females. Seven cases underwent ascending aorta to bilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) bypass, 38 cases to the axillary artery with graft to single ICA bypass. Six cases underwent ascending aorta to axillary bypass with 3 graft to single ICA bypasses as the second stage surgery. Three cases underwent ascending aorta to right ICA bypass with 2 graft to left ICA bypasses as well as 6 subclavian to carotid bypass, PTA in 5 and stenting in 3 cases, etc.

RESULTSTwenty-seven patients with less clinical severity received conservative therapy, 9 of them had mostly temporarily improvement, 15 had slight improvement or basically no change, 1 had hemiplegia and 2 died of stroke and myocardial infarction respectively. Surgically, the short-term effective rate was 87% and operative death 7.8%. Fifty-five patients were followed up, a mean follow-up time was 48 months, and the follow-up rate was 80.9%. The excellently, good, fair, no change and death rate were 36.4%, 38.2%, 20.0%, 3.6% and 1.8% respectively. All patients with PTA or stent had an immediate good response and all recurred within 3 to 5 months.

CONCLUSIONSFor treating severe cerebral ischemia caused by Takayasu's arteritis, the ascending aorta to axillary and single ICA reconstruction or the ascending aorta-bilateral axillary bypass for patients with subclavian steal syndrome is advocated; second stage operation from graft to contralateral ICA can be carried out if necessary.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Brain Ischemia ; etiology ; therapy ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; surgery ; Cerebral Revascularization ; methods ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Takayasu Arteritis ; complications ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Surgical Procedures