Objective To investigate the expression of Notchl and NUMB in gastric cancer and explore the relationship between two genes and clinicopathologic features. Methods The mRNA and protein expressions of Notchl and NUMB in the gastric cancer tissues and normal gastric tissues were determined by realtime PCR and Western blotting. Results The mRNA expression of Notchl in gastric cancer tissues was 1.67times that of Notchl in normal gastric tissues. The increase of the mRNA expression of Notchl was correlated with tumor differentiation and lymph node metastatis of the patients ( P < 0. 05 ). The mRNA expression of NUMB in gastric cancer tissues was 0.597 times that of Notchl in normal tissues. The decrease of the mRNA expression of NUMB was correlated with tumor differentiation of the patients (P < 0.05). The expression of Notchl was negatively correlated to that of NUMB ( r = - 0.459, P < 0.05 ). The protein expression of Notchl in gastric cancer tissues was (0. 348 ±0. 133) , which was significantly higher than (0. 208 ±0. 140) in normal gastric tissues (P < 0.05 ). The protein expression of NUMB in gastric cancer tissues was (0.490 ±0.440), which was significantly lower than 0.746 ±0.390 in normal gastric tissues (P<0.05).Conclusion Up-regulation of Notchl and down-regulation of NUMB may play an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Researches suggest that transient ischemic attack (TIA)can induce cognitive dysfunction, and cerebral blood flow and its distribution are hypothesized to be closely related to cognitive activities.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the alteration of cognitive function and provide insights into its relations with cerebral perfusion in TIA patients.DESIGN: A case-control study.SETTING: Departments of Geriatrics, Electrophysiology and Magnetic Resonance of Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 35 male right-handed TIA patients aged 45-78 years with an average of (68.1±8.4) years were selected from the inpatients and outpatients in the Department of Geriatrics, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of Chinese PLA between January 2002 and June 2003. Another 33 healthy right handed male subjects aged 45-77 years with an average of (67.8±8.6) years coming for physical examination were recruited to serve as the control group.METHODS: Patients and control subjects were tested with event-related potentials (ERPs) and the scale of elderly cognitive function (SECF) to examine the orientation, learning and memory, span, recall 1 (association),long-term memory, naming of animals, calculation, classification, copying,language and recall 2 (relation). According to the T score transformation table, the original scores were transformed into T scores relative to the age to eliminate the impact of age, and also into T'score to eliminate the interference by the patients'education, so that cognitive function of the patients could be evaluated with T'score, and the lower the score, the poorer the cognitive function. Cases in the two groups were all tested, and TIA patients were also examined with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of ERPs, SECF and MRA.RESULTS: Of the 35 TIA patients and 33 control subjects all completed the trial. Examination of ERPs reveled significantly prolonged latency of P300 components of ERP in the TIA group [(336.2±34.2) ms] than that in the control group [(311.3±44.2) ms, P ＜ 0.05]. The scores of span, recall 1,long-term memory, naming of animals, calculation, and recall 2 in SECF in TIA group were all lower than those in control group (39.7±11.9 vs 47.4±12.0; 54.5±14.8 vs 61.8±14.5; 61.1±7.8 vs 64.7±1.7; 59.4±11.0 vs 64.7±8.8; 50.0±14.7 vs 58.1±14.2; 44.6±15.4 vs 53.2±17.8, t=4.151 0-7.292 8, P ＜ 0.05-0.01). MRA identified abnormalities in 33 of the 35 TIA patients (94%), manifested mainly by stenosis and occlusion involving the vertebral artery (54%, 19/35), bilateral anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries (40% ,28/70;59% ,41/70;47% ,33/70), basilar artery (5.71%, 2/35) and bilateral internal carotid artery (5.71%, 4/70) respectively.CONCLUSION: TIA patients are characterized by prolonged P300 latency with multiple cognitive impairments especially in memory and cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion as shown by MRA, suggests that TIA patients have persistent low cerebral perfusion and frequently, cognitive dysfunction in the presence of local blood supply disorder in the hemispheres.

Objective To investegate the value of dual-source CT (DsCT) in the diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).Methods The measurement results of the main pulmonary artery( PA),left pulmonary artery (LPA),right pulmonary artery( RPA ),right entricular outflow tract(ROVT) of 42 cases with TOF by DsCT,echocardiography aud surgery were ret rospectively analyzed.Results Of the 42 cases,a total of 232 cardiac nomalies were found by surgery ( 145 intra cardiac anomalies,53 ventricular-aterial connection anomalies,34 external cardiac anomalies),DsCT and echocardiography found 204 cardiac nomalies (130 intra cardiac anomalies,12 ventricular-aterial connection anomalies,53 external cardiac anomalies),224 cardiac nomalies ( 145 intra cardiac anomalies,31 ventricular-aterial connection anomalies,48 external cardiac anomalies)respectively;and the diagnostic accuracy of DsCT and echocardiography was 88％ (204/232),97％ (224/232) respectively.There was not significant difference between DsCT and surgery ( P ＞ 0.05 ).There was significant difference between echocardiography and surgery in PA,LPA and RPA (P＜0.05),but not in ROVT and over-riding of the aorta (P＞0.05).There was not significant difference between DsCT and echocardiography ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Echocardiography was superior to DsCT in intra cardiac anomalies,especially in the cardiac septal defects and heart valve diseases.DsCT had the advantages in external cardiac anomalies,particularly in assessing pulmonary artery.

A multiplex real-time PCR was developed to detect ctxA of Vibrio cholerae, gyrB and tdh of Vibrio parahaemolyticus simultaneously. The multiplex real-time PCR were evalidated by detection for the three genes in 47 toxigenic V. cholerae O1 and O139 strains (ctxA+; O1=3, O139=44), 25 non-toxigenic V. cholerae strains (ctxA-; O1=12, O139=6, non-O1 and non-O139=7), 116 V. parahaemolyticus strains with or without tdh (73 or 43) and 9 other bacteria strains. The specificity and sensitivity of the multiplex real-time PCR in detection for the ctxA and the tdh genes in the strains tested were both 100.0%, compared to the results by routine PCRs. In the detection for V. parahaemolyticus specific gyrB using the multiplex real-time PCR, all of 116 V. parahaemolyticus strains were positive, and 9 other strains and 72 V. cholerae strains were all negative. The multiplex real-time PCR is a sensitive, specific and quick assay not only for detecting virulence genes of V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus but also for identifying V. parahaemolyticus at species level. In addition, two real-time PCRs for detection of V. parahaemolyticus virulence genes trh1 and trh2 were also developed.

As a routine scanning method of magnetic resonance imaging nowadays , susceptibility weighted imaging provides very important diagnostic information for daily medical treatment in clinical departments such as neurology , neurosurgery, and emergency departments.With the continuous improvement and upgrading , the scope of its clinical application has been further expanded , such as analysis of quantitative susceptibility mapping , perinatal fetal monitoring and neonatal disease diagnosis , guiding clinical therapy strategies and so on.Owing to the great potential and scientific value of this technology , its future development prospects will be new sequence improvement , multiple body parts'application, functional image research, etc.

AIM: To construct recombinant adenovirus vector carrying the gene of human somatostatin receptor type 2(SSTR2) for gene therapy of pancreatic carcinoma.METHODS: SSTR2 cDNA was inserted into adenovirus shuttle plasmid pDC316,named pDC316-SSTR2.pDC316-SSTR2 was cotransfected with rescue plasmid pBHGlox(delta) E1,3Cre into 293 cells by liposome reagent.Ad-SSTR2 was generated by site-specific recombination and confirmed by PCR.Ad-SSTR2 was propagated in 293 cells and purified.The titer of viral stock was determined by end-point dilution assay.Western blotting was used to determine the expression of SSTR2 protein after human pancreatic carcinoma cell capan-2 was infected with recombinant adenovirus.RESULTS: pDC316-SSTR2 was successfully constructed.Recombinant adenovirus Ad-SSTR2 was acquired by pDC316-SSTR2 and pBHGlox(delta) E1,3Cre cotransfected into 293 cells.Ad-SSTR2 was characterized by PCR.The virus titer was 6.0?10~(12) pfu/L.SSTR2 protein was detected after adenovirus infected capan-2 48 h with Western blotting.CONCLUSION: The recombinant adenovirus vector encoding human SSTR2 is successfully constructed and correctly expressed in pancreatic carcinoma cells.This investigation provides the basis for study of gene therapy of pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective:To evaluate the value of DWI with background suppression (DWIBS) in evaluating the injury of the low limb nerves in patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS).Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 30 patients with GBS and 30 healthy volunteers matched with their age and gender in Zibo Central Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients received lower limb nerve electrophysiological examination and all subjects received lower limb nerve DWIBS examination one week later. The display of tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve after DWIBS image reconstruction in normal volunteers and GBS patients was scored by two senior radiologists. Kappa consistency test was used to analyze the consistency of the two senior radiologists′ scores. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) and motor nerve conduction amplitudes of tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve in patients with GBS among different DWIBS scores. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between DWIBS tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve scores and electrophysiological parameters in patients with GBS.Results:In the DWIBS images of 30 healthy volunteers, 60 tibial nerves and common peroneal nerves showed clear, sharp edges, good signal intensity, uniformity, and the scores were 4. The consistency between the two radiologists was good (Kappa value=1.0). In the 60 tibial nerves and common peroneal nerves of 30 GBS patients, 53 tibial nerves and 52 common peroneal nerves showed abnormal changes in varying degrees, including blurred edges, distortions, difficulty in recognition, and weakened signal strength, etc. The consistency between the two readers was good (Kappa value=0.879,0.863,respectively.).With the decrease of DWIBS score, the MCV and motor nerve conduction amplitude values of tibial nerves and common peroneal nervesin GBS patients decreased, and the differences between the score groups were statistically significant ( P<0.01). The scores of tibial nerves and common peroneal nerves in DWIBS were positively correlated with MCV ( r=0.83, 0.84, respectively, P<0.05) and motor nerve conduction amplitude ( r=0.81, 0.79, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusion:DWIBS could provide a three dimensional visualization of tibial nerves and common peroneal nerves, and evaluate the disorders of peripheral nerves in patients with GBS. There has correlation between the scores of tibial nerves and common peroneal nerves in DWIBS with electrophysiology parameters.

Objective To investigate the incidence, influencing factors and intervention of gestrinone-related abnormal uterine bleeding at different dosage of gestrinone in the clinical treatment. Methods This was a multicenter, randomized, control study of 195 Chinese women with endometriosis or adenomyosis from June 2011 to November 2013. The subjects were randomized into three groups with oral administration of gestrinone, 2.5 mg dose at one time;twice a week group:67 cases with oral administration twice a week last three months;double dose first month group:67 cases with oral administration triple times a week at first month, then twice a week for two months; three times a week group: 61 cases with oral administration three times a week last three months. The improvement of the abnormal uterine bleeding, the changes in estrogen, liver function and blood coagulation were evaluated. At the same time, B-ultrasound examination evaluation were performed. Results (1) Three months later, the incidence of abnormal uterine bleeding in twice a week group was 30%(20/67), in double dose first month group and three times a week group were 7%(5/67) and 16%(10/61) respectively, there were significant difference between three groups (P<0.05). The incidence in double dose first month group was the most lower. (2) Univariate analysis showed that the dosage and ovarian size were the significant factors for abnormal uterine bleeding (OR=0.461, P=0.003; OR=0.303, P=0.016); logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of abnormal uterine bleeding in double dose first month group was the lowest when compared with twice a week group and three times a week group, the risk in twice a week group was 5-fold higher than that in double dose first month group (OR=0.211,P=0.011). The incidence of abnormal uterine bleeding in participants with abnormal ovarian volume results from ovarian cyst or ovarian surgery was significantly lower than those with normal ovarian volume (OR=0.304, P=0.018). (3) After the treatment of three months, there were no significant difference in alanine transaminase level between the groups (P>0.05). The body mass index significantly increased in three group (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences between the groups (P>0.05). As for blood coagulation, there were also no significant differences between the groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Double dose of gestrinone in the first month could significantly decrease the incidence of gestrinone-related abnormal uterine bleeding. It is a more optimied dosage of gestrinone and without severe side effects. Clinical trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, registration number: ChiCTR- TRC-12002327.

Objective To study the relevant factors capable of affecting the signal intensity of superior sagittal sinus(SSS)in susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI),and to discover the reason why venous blood in SSS shows high intensity.Methods 26 healthy volunteers and 20 patients with hemodynamic abnormalities of SSS were selected and underwent SWI sequence scanning of 3.0T MR system. Time of echo(TE),angle between SSS and scanning plane and velocity of blood flow were studied as three variables.By controlling two of all three variables at a time,the correlation with the signal intensity of normal SSS were acquired.Results 26 healthy volunteers were scanned with SWI sequence with TE of 20 ms,40 ms and 60 ms.Contrast values(CVs)were calculated based on the signal value of region of interest(ROI).The overall difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the differences between each two groups were also statistically significant(P<0.05).In addition,the CV and TE had a negative correlation(r= -0.686,P=0.000).The angle between SSS and scanning plane could affect the signal,and the signal peaked when they were perpendicular to each other.By comparing healthy volunteers with patients with slower blood flow,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=9.684, P<0.05),and a positive correlation had been discovered between the velocity of blood flow and the signal intensity.Conclusion The high signal intensity of healthy persons'SSS in SWI is subject to the time of flight.Furthermore,TE,angle between SSS and scanning plane and velocity of blood flow are three factors which can affect the signal intensity.

With high selectivity and potency, target protein degradation technology has recently emerged as a strategy for drug discovery and design. Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTAC) function as inducers for the degradation of target proteins and are a research focus in drug development. Current research on PROTAC mainly revolves around the rational design of PROTAC molecules, the discovery of new E3 ubiquitin ligase ligands and improvement in drug targeting. In this review, we focus on the PROTAC linker and its effects on the generation of the E3 enzyme-PROTAC-target protein ternary complex from three standpoints: length, binding site and chemical properties. We discuss the influences of the linker on the efficacy and the selectivity of PROTAC molecules.