Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of antiplatelet threapy after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.Methods Databases including PubMed , EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, CMB and CNKI were searched to collect the randomized controlled trials ( RCTs) and cohort study trials ( CSTs ) about the efficacy and safety of antiplatelet threapy after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.The literature was screened according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria by two reviewers independently.The quality was evaluated.The data were extracted and meta-analyses were performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.Results 4 trials were included, of which 2 were RCTs involving 199 patients, and 2 were cohort studies involving 441 patients.Efficacy analysis showed that there were no differences between mono versus dual antiplatelet therapy in terms of 30-day rates of stroke ( OR 0.55 ,95%CI:0.22-1.35 ,P =0.19 ) , myocardial infarction ( OR 1.70 , 95% CI:0.25 -11.65 , P =0.59 ) , and all-cause mortality ( OR 0.77 , 95% CI:0.40 -1.49 , P =0.44 ) .Safety analysis showed that mono antiplatelet therapy had lower incidence of bleeding events , compared to dual antiplatelet therapy ( OR 0.37 , 95%CI:0.23-0.59,P<0.0001).Conclusions Mono versus dual antiplatelet therapy in the prevention of stroke , myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality after TAVI has similar protective effects .Mono antiplatelet threapy presents lower bleeding event rate .Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies , the above conclusions need to be verified by more high quality studies .

Objective To evaluate the sleep characteristics of the Korean children,and explore the measurement of improving the sleep qua-lity of minority nationality children.Methods The sleep time of 1 183 from 3 to 12 years age Korean children were investigated with questionnaire The sleep time of korean children in different ages and cities were compared.Results The mean time of total sleep time in Korean children was(10.06?1.29) h,which was decreasing with the age′s increasing.The difference in different ages groups was remarkable(Pa

Bleomycin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Female ; Hemangioma ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Iodized Oil ; therapeutic use ; Syndrome ; Thrombocytopenia ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo study clinical effects of unilateral pedicle screw-rod system fixation combined with the single the cage of interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative instability via paraspinal intermuscular approach under MAST Quadrant retractor.

METHODSFrom February 2010 to December 2011, 39 patients with lumbar degenerative instability after invalid conservative treatment were treated with unilateral fixation combined with interbody fusion via the paraspinal intermuscular approach under MAST Quadrant retractor. The indexes such as the operative time, blood loss, complications, VAS pain scores, JOA (subjective symptoms of low back pain,lower limb pain and numbness, sensory disturbance, movement disorders) scores, modified Macnab criteria for curative effect evaluation were observed before treatment, at the 1st month after treatment and the latest follow-up. The intervertebral fusion was studied on the X-ray at the latest follow-up.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the mean during was (22.3 +/- 8.6) months. The operation time was (138 +/- 46) min, and the amount of bleeding was (335 +/- 152) ml. There were no complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage and spinal nerve injury during operation, and no incision infection after operation. The VAS pain score was reduced from preoperative 7.93 +/- 1.27 to 2.05 +/- 1.18 on the 1st month after operation and 1.89 +/- 0.42 at the latest follow-up. The JOA total score was improved from preoperative 1.59 +/- 0.42 to 8.86 +/- 0.37 on the 1st month and 9.02 +/- 0.29 at the latest follow-up. According to modified Macnab criteria, there were 17 cases got an excellent result, 19 good, 3 case fair. Thirty-five patients got intervertebral bony fusion at the latest follow-up.

CONCLUSIONUnilateral pedicle screw-rod system fixation combined with single cage interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative instability via paraspinal intermuscular approach under MAST Quadrant retractor is a safe, minimally invasive, satisfactorily effective methods to treat lumbar degenerative instability.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; surgery ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedicle Screws ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Spinal Fusion ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effects and operative options for the treatment of Forestier disease.

METHODSFrom June 2005 to May 2012, 8 patients with progressive dysphagia due to Forestier disease were treated through anterior approach, their clinical data were retrospective analyzed. There were 6 males and 2 females, aged from 65 to 83 years old with an average of 73 years. Among the patients, osteophytes removal was performed in 3 cases, osteophytes removal with discectomy and fusion was performed in 2 cases, osteophytes removal with corpectomy and fusion was performed in 3 cases. According to Bazaz dysphagia score to assess the improvement of the patients' symptoms before and after operation.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 40 months with the mean of 18.5 months. Seven cases were asymptomatic and 1 case had mild symptom in the last follow-up. Radiographs showed the space enlargement between vertebral body and trachea.

CONCLUSIONIt is effective to treat patients with progressive dysphagia due to Forestier disease through surgical method. And the operative options depend on the stability of cervical spine and the neurological symptoms of the patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal ; diagnosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Male

Background Human paired box gene 6 (PAX6)encodes a transcriptional regulator.It is essential for eye and brain morphogenesis.Mutation of PAX6 gene isresponsible for many congenital ocular malformations,such as aniridia.Aniridia is a autosomal dominant inheritance mode.Objective In this study,PAX6 gene mutation was analyzed in three Chinese families with aniridia through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing.Methods The blood specimens were collected from 5 suffers and normal individuals of 3 aniridia families to extract DNA.The sequences of extron 4-13 were designed based on PAX6 gene.The primer was amplified by PCR and sequenced and compared with the known PAX6 gene sequence.This study complied with Declaration of Helsinki and approved by ethic committee of Sichuan University.Written informed consent was obtained from each individual before any medial examination.ResultsThere were 5 suffers in the 3 families.A heterozygous mutation (c.718 C＞T) in PAX6 gene was identified in 2 patients of family A.This mutation caused an amino acid substitution of arginine to termination codon at position 240 ( p.Arg240X) of PAX6 protein.No similar change in the normal families.No any the alteration of PAX6 gene was detected in family B whatever suffers and normal individuals.In family C,a deletion mutation of c.331 delG ( p.Val111 SerfsX13 ) in PAX6 gene was found.The deletion of one base caused frame shift mutation of PAX6 protein,and no such mutation was seen in other families.Conclusions Mutation of PAX6 gene appeares to be causative mutations of the disease in family A and C.

OBJECTIVETo research (CAG)n polymorphism of androgen receptor gene in idiopathic azoospermic and oligospermic Chinese men, and to explore its correlation with the development of dyszoospermia.

METHODSFifty-two men with oligospermia and 31 with azoospermia were enrolled, the number of CAG sequence repeats determined by PCR and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and (CAG)n polymorphism analyzed.

RESULTSThe CAG repeats in the men with oligospermia and those with azoospermia were 22.19 and 22.13 respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe polymorphism of the repeat length of the (CAG) n satellite in androgen receptor gene may affect spermatogenesis and have a less important role in male infertility.

Adult ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Exons ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Oligospermia ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Androgen ; genetics ; Trinucleotide Repeats ; genetics

Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of Shuanghua aerosol (SHA) in treating infantile upper respiratory tract infection. Methods: In the clinical study, 276 patients were randomly divided into two groups. The treated group was treated with SHA and the control group was treated with Shuanghuanglian aerosol (SHLA, 双黄连气雾剂). In the experimental study, the effects of SHA on anti-inflammation and anti-virus were observed. Results: The clinical total effective rate of SHA was 99.03% and its cure rate 65.38%, while those of the SHLA were 94.11% and 44.12% respectively, significant difference was shown between the two groups (P<0.01). Experimental study showed that SHA could inhibit the xylol induced ear swelling and the egg white induced paw swelling in mice obviously, and inhibit the proliferation of influenza virus in rat's lung. Conclusion: SHA has obvious anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effect, and has good curative effect in treating infantile upper respiratory tract infection.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) profile of cisatracurium in 0-2 years and 2-5 years old children patients with cheilopalatognathus, to find if there are some connections between the different muscle relaxation action and different PK procedure . METHODS 14 children patients were divided into two groups, ≤2 years and 2-5 years group, venous samples were taken before injection of a 0.15 mg·kg- 1 dose of cisatracurium and then at 2, 5, 10, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. Cisatracurium plasma concentrations were determined by ultra- performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer system (UPLC/MS/MS). The degree of neuromuscular block was measured by train of four (TOF) testing. An indirect PK-PD link model with a sigmoid Emax model was established using Win Nonlin software. The model were applied to PK and PD data analysis, respectively. RESULTS The TOF monitor parameters showed that cisatracurium works very quickly, the onset time were (2.64± 0.93) min and (2.59 ± 0.90) min for ≤2 years and 2- 5 years group respectively. Young children ≤2 years have longer muscle blocking duration time (62.5 ± 6.01 min vs 53.86 ± 12.18 min) and slower recovery index (32.14±7.10 min and 27.43±10.63 min) than those children in group of 2-5 years. More children ≤2 years have postoperative complication than that in 2-5 children. PK parameters showed that there were no statistical differences in blood concentration and pharmacokinetic parameters. While the concentration of cisatracurium in muscle site calculated by using PK/PD model were higher and longer for ≤2 year children than that of 2-5 year children. This means that cisatracurium could stay at high concentration for a longer time in younger children' muscle tissue. CONCLUSION As a result young children tend to have postoperative complications related to slower muscle recovery action and increased concentration in skeletal muscle. So more careful observation and monitor are needed for younger children, our study could be of use in clinical practice for the administration of cisatracurium to children patients.

BACKGROUND:WWOX,a tumor suppressor gene,can affect the growth of ovarian cancer stem cells;however,there is no report on whether its mechanism of action is related to Hedgehog signaling pathway.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and mechanism of overexpression of WWOX on the apoptosis of ovarian cancer stem cells.METHODS:pcDNA3.1-WWOX (pcDNA3.1-WWOX group) and pcDNA4.0-WWOX (pcDNA4.0-WWOX group) were transferred into ovarian cancer stem cells,respectively;and meanwhile,pcDNA3.1 (pcDNA3.1 group) and pcDNA4.0 (pcDNA4.0 group) were transferred into the cells.A non-transfection group (only with Lipofectamine2000) was set up.After cultured 48 hours,the levels of WWOX in the pcDNA3.1-WWOX group and pcDNA4.0-WWOX group were detected using western blot assay,and the cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected using MTT assay and flow cytometry,respectively.Western blot assay was also used to detect the levels of Hedgehog signaling pathway associated proteins,SHH,PTCH1,Gli-1,SMO and apoptosis-related protein Cleaved Caspase-3 in the cells.Cyclopamine,Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor,was used in ovarian cancer stem cells without transfection (cyclopamine group) and after the transfection of WWOX overexpression vector (WWOX+cyclopamine group) followed by 48 hours of culture,and then MTT,flow cytometry and western blot detections were performed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The expression level of WWOX in the pcDNA4.0-WWOX group was significantly higher than that in the pcDNA3.1-WWOX group (t=27.84,P=0.00).The ovarian cancer stem cells which were transfected with pcDNA4.0-WWOX were used to overexpress WWOX in the late experiment.(2) Overexpression of WWOX could inhibit the proliferation of ovarian cancer stem cells and promote the apoptosis of ovarian cancer stem cells.(3) Overexpression of WWOX could inhibit the expression of Gii-1,PTCH1,SMO and SHH in ovarian cancer stem cells,and promote the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3.(4) Cyclopamine could inhibit the expression of SHH,PTCH 1,Gli-1,SMO,and promote the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3.Cyclopamine had obvious inhibitory effect on Hedgehog signaling pathway.(5) Cyclopamine could enhance the apoptosis induced by overexpression of WWOX in ovarian cancer stem cells,and enhance the inhibition of proliferation of ovarian cancer stem cells induced by overexpression of WWOX.To conclude,WWOX effects on proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cancer stem cells may be related to the inhibition of Hedgehog signaling pathway.