Child ; Cystitis ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Male

Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; drug effects ; physiology ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Female ; Flunarizine ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Penicillins ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective: To establish a multiplex PCR-microarray method for detecting important enteropahogens.Methods: Uniplex and multiplex PCR were performed to obtain the best primer sets for identifying the target bacteria at species and multi-species level.Fluorescent dyes were mixed into PCR reaction to determine whether it can affect the efficiency of amplification.To improve the efficiency of microarray,a 35 pairs primer-labeling system was optimized based on the hybridization results to find the best combination to avoid false negative results.Results: Specific PCR products were all obtained using species-specific primer sets.More preferential amplification may happen when more primer pairs were added to the reaction.The hybridization results showed a positive association between the efficiency of multiplex-PCR and signal intensity.Conventional PCR yielded more products than fluorescent dyes labeled PCR.Thirty-five primers were divided into three different combinations to label target respectively,hybridization results showed a high specificity.Conclusion: Mixing fluorescent dyes into PCR may reduce the efficiency of amplification and hybridization,but may have no effect on the analysis of hybridization results.The hybridization efficiency of microarray depends on the amplification efficiency of multiplex PCR.For microarray target labeling,three primer sets could be used to avoid negative hybridization led by preferential amplification of multiplex-PCR.It indicates that the multiplex PCR-microarray method is an attractive diagnosis tool for the high-throughput identification of enteropathogenic organisms especially for multiple causative agents and epidemiological investigations.

Activation of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) plays an important role in neuroinflammation.Macrophage recruitment to the sites of inflammation is an essential step in host defense.ASIC 1 and ASIC3 have been reported to mediate the endocytosis and maturation of bone marrow derived macrophages.However,the expression and inflammation-related functions of ASICs in RAW 264.7 cells,another common macrophage,are still elusive.In the present study,we first demonstrated the presence of ASIC 1,ASIC2a and ASIC3 in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line by using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),Western blotting and immunofluorescence experiments.The non-specific ASICs inhibitor amiloride and specific homomeric ASIC 1 a blocker PcTx 1 reduced the production of iNOS and COX-2 by LPS-induced activating RAW 264.7 cells.Furthermore,not only amiloride but also PcTx 1 inhibited the migration and LPS-induced apoptosis of RAW 264.7 cells.Taken together,our findings suggest that ASICs promote the inflammatory response and apoptosis of RAW 264.7 cells,and ASICs may serve as a potential novel target for immunological disease therapy.

Objective To observe the effects of ultra-wideband (UWB) electromagnetic irradiation on the ultrastructure of pituitary or testis and the serum sex hormones level of in rats. Methods SD male rats were divided randomly into control group and irradiation groups exposed to 3×105 pulses UWB irradiation for 6,12, 24, 48 h. After exposure, the ultrastructure changes of pituitary and testis were observed by electron microscope. Serum testosterone (T) , luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results The rat pituitary and testis were injured at the different time after exposure to UWB electromagnetic irradiation, but the damage was serious at the 24 h after exposure. In the basophilic cell of the pituitary, there were the vacuoles and lipid droplets, dilated endoplasmic reticulum (ER),exuded lymphocytes and gathered chromatin in the cell border. In the testis tissue, there were the dilated ER and gathered chromatin in the cell border of the spermatogonium, interstitial cell and sustentacular cell, some mitochondria became vacuolar and swollen in the capillary endotheliocytes and exuded lymphocytes. Serum Tlevels of the irradiation groups at 24 and 48 h were ( 1209.7±115.7 ), ( 1340.5±331.1 ) μg/L, which were significantly lower than those[(2721.8± 178.9) and ( 2820.9±321.4 ) μg/L]of control groups at 24 and 48 h (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference for LH and FSH between exposure groups and control groups. Conclusions UWB electromagnetic radiation could induce some changes in the ultrastructure of rat pituitary and testis and serum T level, which may induce the change of reproductive system.

Objective To observe the effects of ultra-wideband (UWB) electromagnetic irradiation on the ultrastructure of pituitary or testis and the serum sex hormones level of in rats. Methods SD male rats were divided randomly into control group and irradiation groups exposed to 3×105 pulses UWB irradiation for 6,12, 24, 48 h. After exposure, the ultrastructure changes of pituitary and testis were observed by electron microscope. Serum testosterone (T) , luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results The rat pituitary and testis were injured at the different time after exposure to UWB electromagnetic irradiation, but the damage was serious at the 24 h after exposure. In the basophilic cell of the pituitary, there were the vacuoles and lipid droplets, dilated endoplasmic reticulum (ER),exuded lymphocytes and gathered chromatin in the cell border. In the testis tissue, there were the dilated ER and gathered chromatin in the cell border of the spermatogonium, interstitial cell and sustentacular cell, some mitochondria became vacuolar and swollen in the capillary endotheliocytes and exuded lymphocytes. Serum Tlevels of the irradiation groups at 24 and 48 h were ( 1209.7±115.7 ), ( 1340.5±331.1 ) μg/L, which were significantly lower than those[(2721.8± 178.9) and ( 2820.9±321.4 ) μg/L]of control groups at 24 and 48 h (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference for LH and FSH between exposure groups and control groups. Conclusions UWB electromagnetic radiation could induce some changes in the ultrastructure of rat pituitary and testis and serum T level, which may induce the change of reproductive system.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effects of using the Chinese Shang Ring in circumcision children with either phimosis or redundant prepuce, and to investigate its superiority over the similar devices available.

METHODSA total of 824 children with phimosis or redundant prepuce underwent circumcision with the Shang Ring. The clinical data were assessed concerning the duration of the procedure, incidence of post-operative complications, time of recovery and appearance of the penis.

RESULTSThe procedure duration was (2.6 +/-1.2) min, and the complications included infection in 4 (0.6%), edema in 21 (3.2%), delayed removal of the ring in 10 (1.5%), redundant and asymmetric mucosa attributable to performance in 6 (0.9%) of the cases. The wounds healed and the rings were removed at 13.4 +/- 5.8 days after circumcision, with well-smoothed incision and good cosmetic results.

CONCLUSIONChild circumcision with the Chinese Shang Ring is easy and simple in performance, with less operative time, fewer complications and better cosmetic results.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Circumcision, Male ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Penis ; surgery ; Phimosis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effect of oral solution of Niao Du Kang (尿毒康) on acute renal tubular necrosis (ATN) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats,and preliminarily approach its mechanisms.Methods The oral solution was composed of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (大黄),Radix Sanguisorbae Offieinalis (地榆),Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (丹参), Radix Astragali seu Hedysari (黄芪),Flos Carthami Tinctorii (红花) and so on.Sixty-four SD male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal control group,ATN model group,verapamil treatment group and traditional Chinese medicine,oral solution of Niao Du Kang treatment group,every group having 16 rats.. The ATN model of SD rats was induced by intramuscular injection of 50% glycerin mixed with isotonic saline solution at the back of bilateral lower extremities.After the model was established in each group ,the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN),levels of blood serum creatinine (SCr),renal failure index (RFI) and renal pathological changes were detected at different time points after modeling for 12 and 24 hours,and the therapeutic effect of oral solution of Niao Du Kang was observed.Results After the model establishment, Niao Du Kang oral solution could lower the elevation of blood BUN,SCr,RFI in the model,and compared with the normal control group,there were statistical significances (all P

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Scalp acupuncture on serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) and S-100β concentrations, and incidence rates of postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive function (POCD) of elderly patients undergoing hip replacement.

METHODSEighty-four patients undergoing scheduled hip replacement under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) were assigned to the control group (group C) and the scalp acupuncture group (group S) according to random digit table, 42 cases in each group. In group S, scalp acupuncture was additionally performed according to International Standardized Scheme for Scalp Acupuncture. Scalp acupuncture was performed during the operation from the MS1 middle line of forehead [1 cun before Shenting (GV24), including Shenting (GV24)] and MS5 middle line of vertex [from Baihui (DU20) to Qianding (DU21), including Baihui (DU20) and Qianding (DU21)]. The operation time and post-operative length of stay were observed. The midazolam dosage, hemorrhage amount, fluid transfusion amount, urine amount, use rates of ephedrine and atropine during the operation were also observed and compared between the two groups. The occurrence rate of POD and POCD at post-operative day 3 (T₁), week 1 (T₂), month 3 (T₃), and month 6 (T₄) were measured. Eighteen patients were randomly selected to collect blood from internal jugular vein before anesthesia t₀), immediately after ending the surgery (t₁), 6 h after operation (t₂), 24 h after operation (t₃), and 48 h after operation (t₄), respectively. Serum levels of NSE and S-100β were correspondingly measured.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in the operation time, midazolam dosage used during the operation, hemorrhage amount, fluid transfusion amount, urine amount, use rates of ephedrine and atropine (P > 0.05). Compared with group C, the post-operative length of stay was shortened in group S (P < 0.05). The incidence rate of POD and that of POCD at each time point were lower in group S (P < 0.05). The expression level of NSE decreased at t₂, t3, and t₄, and the expression level of S100β also decreased at t₁, t₂, t₃, and t₄(P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in expression levels of NSE or S100β between the two groups at other time points (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONScalp acupuncture could attenuate central nervous system lesion and improve POCD of elderly patients undergoing hip replacement.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Cognition ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit ; blood ; Scalp

This paper discusses the application of virtual reality technology in the 3-D visible human body and acupuncture research. Based on the 3-D visible human fused with the localization information and hierarchy of acupoints, the paper analyzes the force against the needle and haptic rendering during the needle manipulation according to the physical properties of different tissues. A haptic model is constructed to demonstrate the force behaviors during acupuncture, and the force will be produced and passed to the manipulator by a force feedback device. It enriches the contents of 3-D visible human project, provides a dynamic simulation instrument for acupuncture teaching, and supplies a platform for acupuncture research.
Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; China ; Computer Simulation ; Feedback ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; User-Computer Interface ; Visible Human Projects