Objective:To explore the language deficits in a single case of posterior aphasic to test the dual-system model of language processing and provide neurolinguistic basis for clinical language therapy.Method:A circumscribed posterior aphasic was selected,whose language data were collected through spontaneous talk,WAB test,and other language production tasks including picture-naming and sentence repetition.The language data were analyzed with the emphasis on syntax-lexicon dissociation and noun-verb dissociation.Result:For the posterior aphasic,lexicon was severely impaired while syntax was preserved relatively well;in comparison to lexical production,lexical comprehension was preserved better;noun-verb dissociation,especially NSD,was discovered.Conclusion:The syntax-lexicon dissociation and the relevant noun-verb dissociation can serve as powerful evidence for the dual-system model of language processing,and throw light on language therapy for posterior aphasics.

Child ; Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte ; Humans ; Neoplasm, Residual ; diagnosis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; genetics

Oil of Eveningprimrose was extracted from the seed of Oenothera biennis by supercritical CO2 extraction.A yield of 20% oil was obtained at 50℃ and 25MPa. Its ?-linolenic acid content was 10. 6%. Acid value and saponification number of the oil was determined.

Objective To explore the early diagnosis and treatment of acute superior mesenteric arterial embolism (ASMAE).Methods The clinical data of 25 patients with acute superior mesenteric arterial embolism were retrospectively analyed.Results All 25(100%) patients had severe abdominal pain with abdominal signs,21(84%) patients had history of valvular heart disease or atrial fibrillation,and 17(68%) patients had hematochezia.All the cases were misdiagnosed preoperatively,including 11 patients were misdiagnosed as abdominal pain of unknown causes,3 patients as acute pancreatitis,3 patients as acute gastroenteritis,2 patients as necrotizing enteritis.1 patient as acute appenditis,1 patient as acute myocardial infarction,and 1 patient as acute cholecystitis;but 3 patients were preoperatively suspected to have impairment of mesenteric blood flow.All of the 25 patients underwent necrotic bowel resection,6 patients died,and 7 patients abandoned treatment because of serious complications such as short bowel syndrome etc.Mortality rate was 51%(13/25).Conclusions Early diagnosis of patients with acute superior mesenteric arterial embolism is difficult;the main cause of misdiagnosis is lack of recognition of its clinical signs.Fully grasping the characteristics of patients with early stage disease and effective early intervention are the fundamental measures for reducing mortality.

Efforts on directed evolution of sortase A to optimize its catalytic properties have been undertaken and shown the promise. To facilitate screening of sortase A mutants with expected catalytic properties, a novel ligation efficiency monitoring system, including reporter substrates GFP-LPETG and GGGYK-Biotin, was developed. GFP-LPETG, wild type sortase A, and a recently reported high activity sortase A mutant were prepared recombinantly from Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Taking advantage of the newly designed reporter system, the ligation efficiency catalyzed by wild type and mutant form of sortase A could be sensitively monitored via SDS-PAGE directly. Consistent with previous report, the mutant sortase A displayed much higher catalytic activity compared to wild type enzyme, indicating the new reporter system is easily and fast handled and sensitive. The application of this reporter system into systemic screening will facilitate future directed optimization of sortase A.
Aminoacyltransferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Biocatalysis ; Biotin ; Cysteine Endopeptidases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli ; Genes, Reporter ; Ligation ; Mutant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

BACKGROUND: The application of adipose derived stromal cells to tissue engineering has been more and more popular around the world. Compatibility of scaffold material is the key point for its further research.OBJECTIVE: To determine the growth rules of rabbit adipose-derived stromal cells with polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA).DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An in vitro study was performed at the Institute of Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology Hospital,Fudan University and Shanghai Tissue Engineering Center from September 2007 to March 2009.MATERIALS: Six female New Zealand rabbits aged six months were used for extraction of adipose-derived stromal cells. PLGA was provided by Sigma, USA.METHODS: Adipose tissue was harvested from the nape fat pad of the rabbits following anesthesia. Primary cultured cells were established using type I collagenase and cell cultures were maintained with DMEM containing 10% volume fraction of fetal bovine serum. Cells were passaged when 80% was confluent. The fourth passages of cells were utilized for the study. PLGA consisted of polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid as the ratio of 7:3, and the relative molecular mass was 104900.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Initially, the adherent rate of cells to scaffold was detected. After one week co-culture, the scaffold bearing adipose-derived stromal cells labeled with Dio agent were investigated by fluorescence inverse microscope,scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning microscope.RESULTS: The best adherent rate of adipose-derived stromal cells with PLGA reached 99%. After one-week-incubation in vitro,cells of fiber-shaped or ovule-shaped proliferated well and exhibited stratified growth on the surface of PLGA scaffold. In addition,it also secreted visible extracellular matrices, which could be examined by scanning electron microscopic examination.Meanwhile, the adipose-derived stromal cells grew well and distributed equably inside the PLGA in terms of the investigation with laser scanning microscope.CONCLUSION: The compatibility of adipose-derived stromal cells to PLGA in vitro was well.

Adolescent ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

Objective To evaluate the relationship between extracelluar signal?regulated protein kinase 1∕2 (ERK1∕2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways involving in cardioprotection induced by diazoxide postconditioning in rats. Methods Sixty adult male Sprague?Dawley rats, aged 3 months, weighing 240-260 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n=12 each) using a random number table: sham operation group ( SH group ) , ischemia?reperfusion ( I∕R ) group, diazoxide postconditioning group ( D group ) , ERK1∕2 inhibitor U0126 group ( U group ) , and STAT3 inhibitor Stattic group ( St group) . Myocardial I∕R was produced by occlusion of anterior descending branch of the coronary artery followed by 120 min reperfusionIn I∕R and D groups, 0?4% dimethyl sulfoxide 1 ml and 7 mg∕kg diazoxide ( in 1 ml of 0?4% dimethyl sulfoxide) was injected through the femoral vein at the onset of reperfusionIn U and St groups, U0126 100 μg∕kg and Stattic 500 μg∕kg were injected through the femoral vein at 10 min before reperfusion, and the other procedures were similar to those previously described in group DAt 120 min of reperfusion, the rats were sacrificed, and myocardial specimens were obtained from the left ventricle for determination of myocardial infarct size, cell apoptosis, and ERK1, ERK2 and STAT3 mRNA expression ( real?time PCR), and phosphorylated ERK1∕2 ( p?ERK1∕2) and phosphorylated STAT3 (p?STAT3) (using Western blot). Apoptosis index (AI) was calculated. Results Compared with group S, the myocardial infarct size and AI were significantly increased, and the expression of ERK1, ERK2 and STAT3 mRNA, p?ERK1∕2 and p?STAT3 was down?regulated in group I∕R. Compared with group I∕R, the myocardial infarct size and AI were significantly decreased, and the expression of ERK1, ERK2 and STAT3 mRNA, p?ERK1∕2 and p?STAT3 was up?regulated in group D. Compared with group D, the myocardial infarct size and AI were significantly increased in U and S groups, the expression of ERK1, ERK2 and STAT3 mRNA, p?ERK1∕2 and p?STAT3 was down?regulated in group U, and the expression of STAT3 mRNA and p?STAT3 was down?regulated, and no significant change was found in ERK1 and ERK2 mRNA and p?ERK1∕2 expression in group S. Conclusion STAT3 signaling pathway is located downstream of ERK1∕2 signaling pathway in the mechanism by which diazoxide postconditioning reduces myocardial I∕R injury in rats.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of IL-6 on the epithelial to mesenchymal transition of human pancreatic cancer cells.Methods IL-6 was added into the culture media of human pancreatic cancer cells Capan-2,SW1990,and STAT3-siRNA-SW1990.Cell growth was measured by MTT assays.STAT3,p-STAT3,Snail,Twist,and E-cadherin mRNA and protein expression were examined using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)and Western blot,respectively.The invasion abilities of SW1990 and Capan-2 cells were determined by a cell invasion assay in vitro.Results Our results showed that 100 μg/L of IL-6 significantly promoted the growth and invasion abilities of Capan-2 and SW1990 cells (P＜0.05).The use of IL-6 not only markedly increased the protein expression of P-STAT3 and Snail,but also greatly decreased the mRNA and protein expression of E-cadherin.The use of IL-6 can not change the mRNA and protein expression of Snail and E-cadherin.Conclusion Activation of the STAT3 signal transducer pathway with IL-6 can promote the epithelial to mesenchymal transition of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro through up-regulation of Snail and down-regulation of E-cadherin expression.Therefore the STAT3 signal transducer may provide a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

PBL teaching module is the developing trend of medical education reform in China.By studying the advanced foreign experiences and modern methods,teachers and students should change the perceptions and roles to adapt to the PBL teaching style in order to propel the reform of the medical education.