BACKGROUND: Monoamine hypothesis has been demonstrated by researches. However, the correlation between the metabolite of plasma monoamine neurotransmitter and anti-depression treatment in patients with depression has less been reported.OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different drugs on metabolite of plaama monoamine neurotransmitter, and the correlation between the metabolite of plasma monoamine neurotransmitter and anti-depression treatment in patients with depression.DESIGN: Case controlled study.SETTING: Neurological Department and Brain Institute of Nanjing Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Forty patients with depression hospitalized in Nanjing Brain Hospital (depression group) were diagnosed with the second revised edition of China classification of mental diseases(CCMD-2) and the tenth edition of International classification of diseases. And the total score of Hanmilton rating scale for depression(HAMD) was more than 17. Healthy voluntary blood donators in the control group were from Nanjing Municipal Central Blood Station( n = 20).INTERVENTIONS: Antidepressant was used in the depression for 4 weeks: fluoxetine 20 mg per day; 5-serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) paroxetine 20 mg per day; venlafaxime 50- 100 mg per day;5-serotonin and morepinephrine selective reuptake inhibitor(SNRI) fluvoxamine 50-100 mg per day. High performance liquid chromatograpy(HPLC)was used to measure the level of metabolite of plasma monoamine neurotransmitter in patients with depression before and 42 week after treatment, and the HAMD was used to evaluate clinical effect of the patients.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The levels of metabolites of plasma monoamine neurotransmitters in patients with depression: 5-hydroxyindoleace tic acid(5-HIAA), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol(MHPG) and homovani llic acid(HVA) were measured before and 4th week after treatment.RESULTS: The levels of 5-HIAA, MHPG and HVA of the metabolites of plasma monoamine neurotransmitters in patients with depression before treatment [ (20.3±14.6), (124.8±103.6), (54.7±32.1) μg/L] were all lower than those in the normal control group[ (39.5±28.4), (334.5 ±107.3), (88.5±37.2) μg/L], with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). After SSRI treatment, the 5-HIAA content[ (37.1±21.9)μg/L]was significantly increased as compared with that before treatment, whose difference indicated significant meaning ( P＜0.05), but the differences in MHPG and HVA had no significant meaning as compared with those before treatment(P＞0.05) . After SNRI treatment, 5-HIAA and MHPG contents [(35.4±25.2 ), (291.2±120.4) μg/L] both were significantly increased, which indicated significant difference as compared with those before treatment( P＜0.05); but HVA level had no significant changes.CONCLUSION:'The peripheral neurotransmitter metabolites in plasma can reflect their states in brain. The change of neurotransmitter metabolite in plasma can be regarded as an important reference index for the evaluation of depression.

Objective To explore relationship between imaging classification and pathological type,and the electron microscopic ultrastructure by observing the ultrastructural features of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM).Methods Children with CCAM in the Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from May 2014 to November 2014,were analyzed,imaging classification was performed according to enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) scanning,and the surgical specimens were stained by HE and scanning electron microscope was used to observe the tissue structures of various of CCAM.Results Eight cases were enrolled in this research (5 boys and 3 girls),and the mean age of surgery was (5.4 ± 1.1) month old.According to the features of enhanced CT scanning,there were 2 cases of the type-Ⅰ,and the other 3 cases of type-Ⅱ,and 3 cases of type-Ⅲ;According to the characteristics of the pathological types,there was 1 case of type-Ⅰ,4 cases of type-Ⅱ,and the other 3 cases of type-Ⅲ.There was 1 case which classified as type-Ⅰ by CT,however classified as type-Ⅱ by pathological typing.The findings of CT features were in complete correspondence with the pathological types in the rest cases.Electron microscopic findings showed the alveolar spaces were enlarged,the alveolar cells were reduced,the lamellar bodies were decreased and immature and microvilli were also decreased.There was no significant difference between Ⅰ and Ⅱ type under the viewpoint of electron microscope.The common features between type Ⅰ,and type Ⅱ included that the alveolar space was enlarged,the alveolar space had been pressed between enlarged alveolar space,the alveolar cell were decreased and immature,and fibrous hypertrophy was also found.Conclusions There are differences between ultrastructural analysis and clinical pathological typing which suggests the clinical importance of the electron microscopy ultrastructural analysis combined with pathology for typing.There need further clinical and laboratory studies,especially the combination of microscopy-electrical control microscope for typing with related predictive models for follow-up of CCAM.

OBJECTIVETo explore the analgesic mechanism of small knife needle for treating transverse process syndrome of the third vertebra (TPSTV) by observing peripheral and central changesof β-endorphin (β-EP) and enkephalin (ENK) contents.

METHODSTotally 30 Japanese white big-ear rabbits of clean grade were divided into 5 groups according to random digit table, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, the small knife needle group, the electroacupunture (EA) group, and the small knife needle plus EA group, 6 in each group. The TPSTV model was established by inserting a piece of gelatin sponge into the left transverse process of 3rd lumbar vertebrae. Rabbits in the small knife needlegroup were intervened by small knife needle. Those in the EA group were intervened by EA at bilateralWeizhong (BL40). Those in the small knife needle plus EA group were intervened by small knife needleand EA at bilateral Weizhong (BL40). Contents of β-EP and ENK in plasma, muscle, spinal cord, and hypothalamus were determined after sample collection at day 28 after modeling.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, contents of β-EP and ENK in plasma and muscle increased significantly, and contents of β-EP and ENK in spinal cord and hypothalamus decreased significantly in the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Contents of β-EP and ENK approximated normal levels in the three treatment groups after respective treatment. Compared with the model group, the content of β-EP in muscle decreased, and contents of β-EP and ENK in hypothalamus increased in the three treatment groups after respective treatment (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference among the three treatment groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSmall knife needle treatment and EA had benign regulation on peripheral and central β-EP and ENK in TPSTV rabbits. Small knife needle treatment showed better effect than that of EA.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Enkephalins ; metabolism ; Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Needles ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Spinal Diseases ; therapy ; beta-Endorphin ; metabolism

Objective To present the preliminary experience with laparoscopic ureteral reimp1ant for distal ureteral stricture without everted ureteral nipple or submucosal tunneling. Methods Six patients with distal ureteral stricture underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation.The ureteral was reimplanted into the bladder without everting the ureter or without a tunnel.The seromuscular wall of the ureter was anastomosed eircumferentially to the bladder muscle layer by continuous suture. Results All procedures were successfully performed without any intraoperative complications or need for open conversion.Intravenous urography showed normal drainage without obstruction or reflux during follow-up. Conclusion Laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation might be technically simple and feasible.

Aim To investigate whether the effect of Aβ25-35 on Bcl-2 and Bax gene transcription through DNA methylation in SH-SY5Y cell.Methods Differ-ent concentrations of Aβ25-35 (0, 25, 50 μmol? L-1 ) were treated with SH-SY5Y cells for 48 h or 72 h in vitro.The optimal concentration and time of Aβ25-35 in-duced SH-SY5 Y apoptosis were determined by MTT method.Protein expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax of Aβ25-35-treated groups were determined by Western blot.Real time PCR was used to detect the mRNA lev-els of DNA methyltransferase including DNMT 1 , DN-MT3a, DMT3b, MeCP2. Methylation specific PCR ( MSP) was used to analyze the effect of Aβ25-35 media-ted Bcl-2 and Bax gene promoter methylation .Results 25 μmol? L-1 Aβ25-35 was exposed to SH-SY5Y cells for 72 h, MTT assay showed that cell viability was (68.49 ±9.83 )%, which was significantly reduced compared with the control group ( P <0.05 ) , indica-ting AD cell apoptosis model was successfully estab-lished.Bcl-2 expression of Aβ25-35-treated group was significantly reduced compared with the control group , on the contrary , the expression of Bax was significantly increased .Real-time PCR results showed that com-pared with the control group , DNMT1, DNMT3a, DMT3b, MeCP2 mRNA levels of the Aβ25-35-treated groups had no significant difference ( P>0.05 ); MSP results showed that Bcl-2 and Bax unmethylated ampli-fication was positive , methylated amplification was neg-ative in control group , Bcl-2 and Bax unmethylated amplification was positive and methylated amplification was negative in Aβ25-35-treated group.Conclusion DNA methylation of Bcl-2 and Bax gene promoter are not affected during Aβ25-35 induced SH-SY5Y cell ap-optosis .

OBJECTIVETo compare postoperative blood loss under different negative pressures of drainage after total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fractures.

METHODSFrom January 1st to December 30th 2013, 74 patients with femoral neck fractures treated with total hip arthroplasty were randomly divided into two groups: high negative pressure drainage group and low negative pressure drainage group. In high negative pressure drainage group, there were 34 cases including 10 males and 24 females, with a mean age of (75.94 ± 9.02) years old, and the patients were treated with 60 kPa negative pressure of drainage. In the low negative pressure drainage group, there were 40 cases including 13 males and 27 females, with an average age of (74.93 ± 8.90) years old, and the patients were treated with 30 kPa negative pressure of drainage. The amount of total drainage, total blood loss, and hemoglobin change were compared between these two groups.

RESULTSAll the patients got primary healing without infections. In high negative pressure drainage group,the change of hemoglobin was (41.74 ± 15.69) g/L, total blood loss was (1,217.73 ± 459.50) ml and the drainage volume was (312.94 ± 103.44) ml; while in low negative pressure drainage group,the results were (34.90 ± 12.90) g/L, (904.01 ± 381.58) ml and (129.25 ± 44.25) ml separately. All the results in high negative pressure drainage group were higher than those in the other group. Three days after operation, the change of hemoglobin was (46.00 ± 13.29) g/L and total blood loss was (1,304.72 ± 421.75) ml; while in low negative pressure drainage group, the changes of hemoglobin was (43.87 ± 11.39) g/L and total blood loss was (1,196.78 ± 344.20) ml; there were no statistically significant differences between two groups.

CONCLUSIONWhen placing drainage devices after total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fractures, the level of negative pressure should be chosen according to preoperative level of hemoglobin and HCT in patients. For old patients with femoral neck fracture, low negative pressure is more suitable.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; methods ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; prevention & control

A method for the determination of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine in fermentation liquid using the high performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV detector (HPLC-UV) was developed.A good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.1～1.0g/L (r = 0.9969) for S-Adenosyl-L-methionine.The average recoveries of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine were 99.89%～101.7% and the relative standard deviations were 0.48%～1.36%.The method is simple and rapid with reproducibility for the determination of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine in ferment liquid.

BACKGROUND: With an aging population increasing, the incidence of senile femoral intertrochanteric fractures is on a rise because of osteoporosis. Due to the aged usually accompanied with systematic diseases, conservative treatment will lead to high mortality after long-term bedridden. Thereafter, early surgery is recommended. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of femoral intertrochanteric fractures and its epidemiological features. METHODS: The digital radiography data and basic information of 179 patients (over 50 years of age) with femoral intertrochanteric fractures admitted in the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 2013 to 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. The data including age, gender, injury causes, fracture types, complications, treatment procedures, and hospitalization time were recorded and compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the 179 cases of femoral intertrochanteric fractures were enrolled, including 66 (36.9%) males and 113 (63.1%) females. The mean age was (76.98±9.73) years, and the number of patients aged 80-90 years was the most (n=71, 39.7%). With the age increasing, the incidence of fall-induced hip fractures was increased. By AO classification, type 31-A1 was the most common fracture type (46.4%), and type 31-A3 was the least common type (22.9%). By Evans classification, type I was the most common type (50.3%), and type V was the least common type (2.2%). There were 93.3% patients underwent surgical treatment (167/179), and 6.7% received conservative treatment (12/179). In the age group of 51-60 years, the male patients were more than females; in the age group 61-70 years, the male patients were more than females except in 2013; in the age groups of 71-80, and 81-90 years, the female patients were more than males; in the age group of over 90 years, there was no significant difference between female and male patients. These results manifest that the majority of hip fracture patients are the elderly, and slipping and osteoporosis are the leading causes. In spite of accumulating operative risks with aging, surgical treatment remains the predominant management strategy. Besides, the incidence of femoral intertrochanteric fractures shows a trend of increase yearly, with the highest incidence in the age group of 71-90 years, especially in females.

MTT Colorimetric method is usually applied for measuring the living animal cell number. By changing the reaction temperature and the reaction time as well as the colorimetric wavelength, the improved MTT colorimetric method was established to count the living bacterial cell number. This new method was used to measure the living cell concentration in the process for culturing bacteria PBW1. The results measured by the improved MIT colorimetric method and dilute plate method are similar. Compared with other methods including the dilute plate method, the improved MTT colorimetric method has many advantages such as accuracy, quickness.

Objective To investigate the effect of total flavonoids of Herba Epimodii (HEF) on the expression of core binding factor?1 (Cbfal) in the bone of ovariectomized rats.Methods Fifty-four female SD rats were allocated into 6 groups (9 in each): sham operation group,ovariectomized (OVX) group,OVX followed by three kinds of HEF doses(40,80 and 160 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1))and nilestriol (0.1 mg?kg~(-1)?week~(-1))for 12 weeks respectively.Bone mineral density (BMD) of whole body was determined by DEXA.The levels of osteocalcin (BGP) and estradiol (E_2) in serum were measured by radioimmunologic method.All rats were then sacrificed,and total RNA were directly isolated from the skull.Relative quantification of Cbfal mRNA expression was detected by real time quantitative PCR.Results Serum E_2 and BMD of whole body in the OVX group were lower than those in sham group significantly after 12 weeks (both P0.05).Relative quantification of Cbfal mRNA expression in the OVX group was significantly lower than that in sham group after 12 weeks (P