Objective To determine which parameters of reverse remodeling of left ventricular could become the effective indexes in evaluating the short-term therapeutic effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT)in heart failure(HF)patients.Methods CRT was performed in 26 HF patients with dysfunctions of wall motion.Serial echocardiography was practiced at baseline,one and three months after CRT.The parameters including left atrial end-diastolic diameter(LADD),left ventrieular end-diastolic diameter(LVDD),end-diastolic volume (LVEDV),end-systolic volume(LVESV),ejection fraction(LVEF)were measured and compared before and after CRT therapy.Results At one and three months after CRT,respectively,CRT was associated with reduced LADD,LVDD,LVEDV,LVESV and improved LVEF and filling time compared with those at baseline.Moreover,all these parameters had better correlations with the activities of these patients.Conclusions LADD,LVDD,LVEDV,LVESV and LVEF could become the effective indexes in evaluating the short-term effect of CRT in HF patients.The reduced diameters and volumes of left atria and left ventricle are more sensitive parameters than the improved LVEF.

Aim To investigate the effects of irbesartan on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in HKCs induced by high-glucose.Methods Human kidney proximal tubular epithelial cell line(HKCs)cultured in vitro was divided into four groups:normal-glucose group,mannitol control group,high-glucose group and high-glucose plus irbesartan group.Immunocytochemistry staining was used to observe the expression of β-catenin;the protein expression of Wnt4,β-catenin,E-cadherin and α-SMA was assessed by Western blot;Wnt4 and β-catenin mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Compared with normal-glucose and mannitol control group,both the protein and the mRNA of Wnt4 were up-regulated in HKCs stimulated by high-glucose.α-SMA expression significantly increased but E-cadherin decreased in HG group.The cytoplastic and nuclear fraction of β-catenin enhanced with highglucose stimulation.But no difference of the total protein and mRNA of β-catenin was observed between highglucose-treatment and control groups.Highglucose induced Wnt4 and β-catenin expression in a time-dependent manner,both peaking at 24 h.Irbesartan reduced the promotional effect of HG on Wnt4 and α-SMA expression,and nuclear translocation of β-catenin.HG-mediated inhibition of E-cadherin was also restored by irbesartan.Conclusion These data supported a functional role for Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway during epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HKCs induced by high glucose and suggested that irbesartan might reverse tubular EMT by regulating activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Objective To observe and analyze the effect of B. Adolescentis and L. Acidophilus on the proportion of Th cell Th1/Th2 in peripheral blood of UC-mice in acute stage and recovery stage. Method 40 BABL/c mice were induced by 3% DSS water for 7 clays free drinking and then with distilled water for 10 days. They were randomly allocated in 4 groups: NS group, SASP group, BF0624 group and LT0637 group, also the fifth group-10 normal animals. The blood of mice were collected by removing their eyes at day 8 and day 18, and then the mononuclear cells were iso]atecl. The proportion of Th1/Th2 was analyze through flow eytometry,hy labeling the specific antibody ot Th cellular membrane with the CD4 antibody, and the cytoplastie antigen of Thl or Th2 with IIA antibody or IF'N-γ antibody. Result The proportion of Th1/Th2 in normal mouse was 0. 84 -0. 94,and it raised up in DSS-mice at both acute stage and recovery stage. It decreased unequally after 7 or 17 days'B, adoleseentis, L. Acidophilus and SASP treatment, but that of all three groups were lower than NS group (2.21±0. 83). Even the proportion got close to the normal animals after 17 days'L. Acidophilus -treated. Conclusion The proportion of Thl/Th2 increased at the acute stage and recovery stage of DSS-mice. Both B. Adoleseentis and L. Acidophilus had more effective than SASP on decreasing the proportion of Th1/Th2 at two stages,ospecially L. Acidophilus.

Objective To compare the therapeutical effect of puerarin, ligustrazine, ginsenoside Rb1, Hydroxysafflor yellow A on cerebral ischemia reperfusion mice. Methods The mice were randomly assigned for sham group, model group, puerarin group, ligustrazine group, ginsenoside Rb1 group, and Hydroxysafflor yellow A group, 24 mice for each group. All the groups were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by 1 h ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion except the sham group. The puerarin, ligustrazine, ginsenoside Rb1, Hydroxysafflor yellow A were administrated by tail vein injection with 3μmol/kg at the onset of 1 h of ischemia. The neurologic deficit score, infarct area calculated by TTC staining, cerebral cortex blood flow monitored by laser doppler flowmetry, NO content measured by chemical colorimetry and western blot were applied to determine the expression for cleaved-caspase-3 and nuclear transcription factor NF-κB for each group. Results Compared with the model group, the infarct area (15.83%± 1.83%, 22.00%± 2.53%, 22.83%± 1.83%, 17.83%± 1.72%vs. 34.67%± 2.66%) in the puerarin group, ligustrazine group, ginsenoside Rb1 group, Hydroxysafflor yellow A group was significantly decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05);the cerebral cortex blood flow (598.81 ± 9.90 μl/kg?min-1, 614.78 ± 9.20 μl/kg?min-1, 577.83 ± 5.55 μl/kg?min-1, 583.54 ± 7.98 μl/kg?min-1 vs. 548.43 ± 1.97 μl/kg?min-1) significantly increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05);the NO content (17.09 ± 1.18μmol/L, 18.54 ± 0.54μmol/L, 18.17 ± 0.49μmol/L, 15.10 ± 0.73μmol/L vs. 20.63 ± 0.73μmol/L) ignificantly decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05);the expression of cleaved-caspase-3 (1.02 ± 0.08, 1.12 ± 0.04, 0.87 ± 0.08, 1.07 ± 0.08 vs. 1.30 ± 0.06) and NF-κB p-p65/NF-κB p65 (1.03 ± 0.19, 1.15 ± 0.05, 1.12 ± 0.08, 0.72 ± 0.08 vs. 1.45 ± 0.08) ignificantly decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05) Conclusions Four Chinese herbal monomers could improve nerve and cerebral dysfunctions and ameliorate ischemia symptoms with varying degrees. The mechanisms were involved with the enhancement of cerebral cortex blood flow and inhibition of cell apoptosis and the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of intracoronary administration of eptifibatide oncoronary no-reflow and myocardium perfusion in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) at percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 80 STEMI patients with emergent PCI were randomly divided into 2 groups: Eptifibatide group, the patients received intracoronary administration of eptiifbatide and Control group, the patients received the same volume of normal saline.n=40 in each group. The baseline condition, post-operative vascular recanalization, changes of platelet aggression at pre- and post-medication were compared between 2 groups. Echocardiography was examined at immediately and 24 weeks after operation;myocardial infusion imaging was examined at l week after operation. All patients were followed-up for 24 weeks to observe the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Results: Compared with Control group, Eptifibatide group showed increased ratios of post-operative TIMI grade 3 (72.5%vs 92.5%) and myocardium perfusion (70.0% vs 90.0%), bothP<0.05; decreased post-operative and 2h post-medicinal platelet aggression and they were both lower than Control group at the same period, allP<0.05. Eptiifbatide group had obviously improved LVEDD and LVEF at 24-week than 1-week after PCI and they were both superior to Control group, allP<0.05. There were 7 (17.5%) patients in Eptiifbatide group and 7 (7.5%) in Control group suffering from small bleeding events, P>0.05; no severe bleeding eventand no in-hospital thrombocytopeniaoccurred. MACE occurrence rates during 24-week follow-up period were 12.5% vs 22.5%, P>0.05. Conclusion: Intracoronary administration of eptiifbatide in STEMI patients at emergent PCI could effectively improve coronary blood lfow,increase myocardium perfusion and enhance cardiac function without severe bleeding events.

Objective To assess the effect and safety of intraarticular infusion combined with intravenous injection of tranexamic acid on hemorrhage in patients underwent total knee replacement (TKR).Methods A total of 180 patients who underwent TKR in the People's Hospital of Hebi City from January 2014 to January 2017 were selected.The patients were divided into control group,low dose group and high dose group according to the tranexamic acid dose,60 cases in each group.All patients were treated with tranexamic acid 10 mg · kg-1 by intravenous drip within one hour before operation.After the incisions were sutured,the patients in the control group were treated with physiological saline 100 mL by intraarticular infusion,the patients in the low dose group and high dose group received intraarticular infusion of tranexamic acid 1 and 2 g respectively,the drainage tube was opened after one hour's occlusion.The operation time,hemoglobin level,postoperative blood loss,total blood loss and complications were observed and recorded.Results There was no significant difference in hemoglobin level in the three groups before operation (P ＞ 0.05).The hemoglobin level in the high dose group was significantly higher than that in the low dose group and the control group (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference in hemoglobin level between the low dose group and the control group at one day after operation (P ＞ 0.05).The hemoglobin level in the low dose group and the high dose group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),and it in the high dose group was significantly higher than that in the low dose group at two days after operation (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the operation time in the three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The postoperative blood loss and total blood loss in the low dose group and the high dose group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),and them in the high dose group were significantly lower than those in the low dose group (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of complications in the control group,low dose group and high dose group was 8.33％ (5/60),10.00％ (6/60) and 8.33％ (5/60) respectively,there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications among the three groups (x2 =0.100,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Intraarticular infusion combined with intravenous injection of tranexamic acid can effectively reduce blood loss in patients with TKR.Increasing the dose of intraarticular infusion of tranexamic acid within a certain range can further improve the hemostatic effect,and it does not increase the complications.

Objective To determine the feasibility of magnetically labeling and tracking mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)in vitro by using a gadolinium and fluorescent bi-functionally transfection agent of polyethylenimine.Methods A gadolinium bifunctional transfection reagent complex was obtained after the linear polyethylenimine derivative(JetPEI-FluoR)was incubated with Gd-DTPA.Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the bone marrows of SD rats were cultured and expanded.The mesenchymal stem cells were incubated with the bi-functional labeling agents.After labeling,the MSCs were examined with fluoroscope and electron microscope and the biological characters were detected including trypan blue exclusion test,MTT,and apoptosis detection.On a 1.5 T MR system,the labeled MSCs were examined with spin echo T1 WI and T2 WI and T1 measurement with mixed sequence.After labeling,the cells were cultured and undergone routine passage.Prior MR examinations were repeated for each passage of labeled cells.All data was statistically prolessed with SPSS for Windows.Results Of 5×105 MSCs incubated with the bi-functional agents,4.25×105 MSCs were successfully labeled,the percentage of labeled MSCs was 85% fluoroscopically.The high density electron particles of gadolinium observed electron microscopically existed around cellular apparatuses,especially around Golgi apparatus.In trypan blue exclusion test,the exclusion rate of labeled MSCs with incubation duration of 3,6,12,24 h was(96.55±2.90)%,(94.17±2.56)%,(97.16±3.12)% and(94.23±2.67)%,respectively.The corresponding exclusion rate of unlabeled MSCs was(95.86±2.67)%,(92.04±2.21)%,(93.38±3.64)%and(92.12±2.53)%,respectively.There was no statistical difference of trypan blue exclusion rate between labeled cells and control unlabeled cells within 24 hours of incubation(F=4.523,P＞0.05).In the proliferation test,the optical absorption value of labeled MSC with 2.5,5.0,10.0,20.0,30.0 and 40.0 μl bi-functional labeling agent was(0.1884±0.0151),(0.1878±0.0190),(0.1741±0.0160),(0.1135±0.0215),(0.1079±0.0145)and(0.0811±0.0079),respectively.The corresponding optical absorption value of unlabeled MSCs was(0.1940±0.0116).The optical absorption value of labeled cells was not affected in case of less than 30.0 μl of Gd-DTPA(q'=0.2225-0.9458,P＞0.05).The apoptosis index for labeled cells and unlabeled cells were 5.08% and 3.86%,respectively.On T1 WI,the signal intensity and T1 relaxation time of unlabeled cells and labeled cells were 240.3±24.7 and(2457±56)ms,336.2±20.7 and(1102±64)ms,respectively,and there were significant statistical difference(t=12.656,17.889,P＜0.01).The minimal amount of cells which was detectable for T1 WI was 5×103.After routine passage,the gadolinium in the cells gradually decreased and could be tracked by MRI until the fifth passage.Conclusions The gadolinium and fluorescent bi-functionally labeling rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell by using the transfection agent of polyethylenimine is feasible,efficient and safe.The labeled cells could be tracked in vitro on MR imaging.

OBJECTIVETo determine the mechanism underlying the therapeutic activities of glycogen synthase kinase 3b (GSK3b) against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (H-IR) injury by investigating the inhibitive effects of GSK3b on inflammation mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).

METHODSC57BL/6 male mice were subjected to 90 min of warm liver cephalad lobe ischemia, followed by reperfusion for various lengths of time. The mice were divided into three groups: the H-IR untreated model (control group), and the H-IR inflammation-induced models that received an intraperitoneal injection of purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin alone (inflammation group) or with pretreatment of the SB216763 GSK3b-specific inhibitor (intervention group). To create a parallel isolated cell system for detailed investigations of macrophages, marrow-derived stem cells were isolated from femurs of the H-IR control group of mice and used to derive primary macrophages. The cells were then divided into the same three groups as the whole mouse system: control, LPS-induced inflammation model, and inflammation model with SB216763 intervention. Differential expressions of inflammation-related proteins and genes were detected by Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively.

RESULTSThe phosphorylation levels of ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK were induced in liver at 1 h after reperfusion, but then steadily decreased and returned to baseline levels by 4 h after reperfusion. In addition, the phosphorylation levels of ERK and JNK were induced in macrophages at 15 min after LPS stimulation, while the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK was induced at 1 h; SB216763 pretreatment suppressed the LPS-stimulated ERK, JNK and p38 phosphorylation in macrophages. In the mouse model, GSK3b activity was found to promote the gene expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (control: 0.21 ± 0.08, inflammation: 0.83 ± 0.21, intervention: 1.76 ± 0.67; F = 3.16, P = 0.027) but to significantly inhibit the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12 (control: 0.11 ± 0.05, inflammation: 0.85 ± 0.11, intervention: 0.43 ± 0.10; F = 2.67, P = 0.038), TNF-a, (control: 0.052 ± 0.012, inflammation: 8.11 ± 0.98, intervention: 3.9 ± 0.82; F = 4.13, P = 0.016), IL-6 (control: 0.22 ± 0.08, inflammation: 6.37 ± 0.81, intervention: 2.11 ± 0.63; F = 3.21, P = 0.024), and IL-1b (control: 0.12 ± 0.07, inflammation: 2.51 ± 0.62, and intervention: 1.28 ± 0.33; F = 2.22, P = 0.030).

CONCLUSIONInhibition of GSK3b selectively regulates the expression of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver Kupffer cells (liver macrophages). This process may be one of the mechanisms underlying the ability of GSK3b to ameliorate hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, possibly because inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines may indirectly mediate liver cell apoptosis.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; adverse effects ; Liver ; pathology ; Macrophages ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Reperfusion Injury ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of the key intracellular signaling molecule glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta in the mechanism of liver ischemia reperfusion (IR).

METHODSC57BL/6 mice were subjected to 90 min warm liver cephalad lobe ischemia, followed by various length of reperfusion. Experiment groups included sham control group, liver IRI model group and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta inhibitor-treated group (SB216763 in DMSO, 25 g/kg, i.p, 2 hour prior to the onset of liver ischemia). The expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta protein was analysed by Western blotting. The serum ALT levels were determined to reflect the function of liver. The affected liver lobes were harvested for histology analysis. The inflammatory gene expression was detected by Quantitative PCR.

RESULTSBy western blot analysis, we found that ischemia itself activated glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta by a significant decrease of its phosphorylation. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta inhibitor SB216763-pretreatment ameliorated the liver damages significantly as compared to the controls (sALT: 2046+/-513 U/L vs 5809+/-1689 U/L, P = 0.0153), and suppressed the gene expressions of IL-12, TNFa, IL-1b and IL-6.

CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrated that the ischemia process modulated liver innate immune activation via a GSK-3-dependent mechanism which favored the development of a pro-inflammation response and lead to liver tissue damages. GSK-3b may be a new therapeutic target to ameliorate liver IRI in transplant patients.

Animals ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo retrospective study the results of arthroscopic resection of articular capsule valvular treated popliteal cysts and examined the incidence of complication.

METHODSFrom July 2007 to July 2010, 45 patients with symptomatic popliteal cysts such as knee pain and limitation of motion were treated with arthroscopic technique to resect the connecting valvular mechanism at posteromedial compartment of articular capsule. Through the posteromedial viewing portal and cyst resection working portal, resected the valvular mechanism by shaver and plasma cutter, associated intra-articular pathology was treated simultaneously. The functional outcome was evaluated by employed Rauschning and Lindgren score before the surgery and the last follow-up. By using of Wilcoxon rank sum test to statistics analyze the clinic outcome.

RESULTIn all cases, 40 patients were found the associated intra-articular pathology, the incidence was 88.9%.The intra-articular pathology was medial meniscus tear (27 cases, 60.0%), lateral meniscus tear (20 cases, 44.4%), cartilage lesion (28 cases, 62.2%), which composed with patellofemoral joint (12 cases, 26.7%),medial condyles of femur (10 cases, 22.2%),lateral condyles of femur (6 cases, 13.3%). The anterior cruciate ligment injury was found in 2 cases, the incidence was 4.4%. All the patients achieved symptoms relief postoperative, such as posterior knee discomfort and swelling after activities.The Rauschning and Lindgren score was improved 1-2 grade in average (Z = -6.092, P = 0.00). The recurrence rate was 2.2%. All the incision healed good. No major complications were encountered such as saphenous nerve, great saphenous vein, blood vessel in popliteal injury.

CONCLUSIONSArthroscopic resection of articular capsule valvular treatment of popliteal cyst and treatment of associated intra-articular pathology are effective and safe. This surgery technique has more minimally trauma and lower recurrence rate.The clinic results in short term are excellent.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Popliteal Cyst ; complications ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult