Objective To study the CT features of pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and explore the different CT appearances between AIDS-NTM and AIDS-TB.Methods CT findings of pulmonary NTM disease in 27 AIDS patients (NTM group) were retrospectively analyzed and compared with that of tuberculosis in 30 AIDS patients (TB group).The results were statistically analyzed using Fisher's exact test.Results CT findings of NTM appeared significantly more than that of TB as follows:high-density nodules (n =18 vs 1,P ＜ 0.01),ground-glass opacities (n =10 vs 0,P ＜ 0.01),fibrotic band (n =17 vs 3,P ＜ 0.01),bronchiectasis (9 vs 2,P =0.012).CT findings of NTM appeared significantly less than that of TB as follows:miliary nodules (0 vs 6,P =0.016),air space consolidations (n =2 vs 11,P ＜ 0.01),pleural effusion (n =1 vs 9,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Nodule and fibrotic band companied with bronchiectasis were the main CT manifestations of pulmonary NTM disease in AIDS patients,while air space consolidation companied with pleural effusion and miliary nodules were the predominate CT findings of pulmonary tuberculosis in AIDS patients.

PNS (Panax notoginseng saponins) is the main medical bioactive component in Panax notoginseng. The medical value of PNS cannot be extended because of its low production. With the deep study of saponins biosynthetic pathway, the control of PNS biosynthesis through metabolic engineering has gradually become possible. In this study, the Squalene synthase (SS) over-expression vector was established. By the way of agrobacterium-mediated method, the vector was transfered and integrated into the Panax notoginseng genome. The result of the PCR detection and the saponin content detection shows that over-expression SS is able to produce high level of Panax notoginseng saponins, and confirms the regulatory function of SS in the biosynthesis of ginsenosides in Panax notoginseng. It provides a theoretical basis and technical basis for the construction of PNS homologous or heterologous efficient expression system in the future.

Purpose:To study the effect of FasL gene on human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and possibility of ex- ogenous FasL gene for gene therapy of lung cancer.Methods:An adenoviral expression vector with full length cDNA of FasL gene insert was constructed(Ad-FasL) and transfected into A549 cells.The effect of exogenous FasL gene on the growth of A549 cells was examined in vitro and in vivo.Results:Expression of FasL gene in A549 cells was confirmed by FCM and RT-PCR.The in vitro growth of the Ad-FasL transfected A549 cells was significantly inhibited (inhibition rate: 84%) as compared to mock (Ad-LacZ) transfected A549 cells.Colony-forming activity in vitro of the Ad-FasL transfected A549 cells was completely inhibited.The Ad-FasL transfected cells became apoptotic which was confirmed by the appear- ance of pre-G_1 on flow cytometry (FCM).The growth of A549 xenografts in nude mice was retarded by intra-tumol injection of Ad-FasL.Conclusions:FasL gene participates in the induction of cell apoptosis.Its use in gene therapy of cancer is promising.

Objective To investigate the expression of Rap1 GTPase-activating protein 1 (Rap1GAP),matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9),and their relation with clinical patterns in colorectal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Rap1GAP,MMP-2 and MMP-9 in colorectal carcinoma,villous adenoma,tubular adenoma and normal colorectal tissue,and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.Results The positive rate of Rap1GAP expression was 30.4 ％ (14/46),77.8 ％ (14/18),69.6 ％ (16/23) and 95.2 ％ (20/21) in colorectal carcinoma,villous adenoma,tubular adenoma,and normal colorectal tissue,respectively (x2 =30.659,P=0.000).The figures were 71.7 ％ (33/46),55.6 ％ (10/18),52.2 ％ (12/16) and 9.5 ％ (2/21) for the positive rate of MMP-2 expression (x2 =22.459,P =0.000),as well as for 76.1％ (35/46),61.1％ (11/18),56.5 ％ (13/23) and 14.3 ％ (3/21) for the positive rate of MMP-9 expression,respectively (x2 =22.643,P =0.000).In patients with colorectal carcinoma,the expression of Rap1GAP was correlated with tumor differentiation (x2 =5.275,P =0.022),but not sex,age,or lymphatic metastasis (all P ＞ 0.05).The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were correlated with lymphatic metastasis (x2 =6.661,P =0.010;x2 =8.475,P =0.040),but not sex,age or tumor differentiation(all P ＞ 0.05).There was a negative correlation between expression of Rap1GAP and MMP-2,MMP-9 in colorectal carcinoma,respectively (r =-0.424,P =0.003;r =-0.294,P =0.048),but no correlation between the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 (r =0.101,P =0.505).Conclusions Rap1GAP,MMP-2 and MMP-9 play important roles in the malignant biological behavior of colorectal carcinoma,and the expression of Rap1GAP is negatively correlated with MMP-2 and MMP-9.The interactions among the three affect the occurrence and development of colorectal carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the preventive effects of aspirin on liver metastases of colorectal cancer in mice and study the mechanisms.Methods Twenty BALB/c mice were divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the random number table with 10 mice in each group.Mice in the control group were fed with saline each day at a concentration of 0.2 mL/d for 60 days,while mice in the aspirin group were fed with aspirin each day at a concentration of 30 μg/(g · d) for 60 days.Then C26 colon cancer cells were injected into the spleen and then the spleen was cut to establish mice model of colon cancer liver metastasis.The C26 colon cancer cells were divided into 2 groups.C26 colon cancer cells in the control group remained untreated,and C26 colon cancer cells in the experimental group were treated with aspirin at a concentration of 10 mmol/L for 24 hours.The scratches and transwell assays were conducted to observe the effects of aspirin on the invasion and metastasis of C26 colon cancer cells.The expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot.All data were analyzed using the Student t test.The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival analysis was done by Log-rank test.Results The numbers and weights of hepatic metastatic tumors were 4.8 ± 1.9 and (504 ± 107) mg in the control group and 2.6 ± 1.6 and (362 ± 67) mg in the experimental group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (t =2.840,3.584,P ＜ 0.05).The 1-month survival rate was 80％ in the experimental group,which was significantly higher than 40％ of the control group (x2=4.418,P ＜ 0.05).The results of pathological examination showed that tumor cell heteromorphism was reduced by aspirin.The results of scratches experiment showed an obvious migration of C26 colon cancer cells in the control group at 24 hours later,while no C26 colon cancer cells migrated in the experimental group.The numbers of C26 colon cancer cells penetrated the Watrige were 253 ± 21 in the control group and 148 ± 13 in the experimental group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (t =5.101,P ＜0.05).The relative mRNA expression of the E-cadherin and the Vimentin were 0.002 ±0.001 and 1.005 ±0.286 in the control group and 0.005 ± 0.001 and 0.270 ± 0.168 in the experimental group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (t =-4.606,4.942,P ＜ 0.05).The relative protein expressions of the E-cadherin and the Vimentin were 0.473 ±0.179 and 0.787 ± 0.118 in the control group and 1.585 ± 0.410 and 0.280 ± 0.133 in the experimental group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (t =-5.542,6.355,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Aspirin inhibits liver metastasis of colon cancer and promote the survival ratio of mice.Aspirin can up-regulate the expression of E-cadherin and down-regulate the expression of Vimentin,which inhibits EMT and reduces the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells.

Objective To investigate the role of nurses in civil cardiac death organ donation work.Methods Cooperating,propagating and promoting in civil cardiac death organ donation; building a bridge between the families of organ donation,donor coordinators,physicians and hospital ethics committees; participating in organ donation medical ethics assessment work; cooperating with the doctors do intend to maintain organ donation,access and preservation; protecting donors remains.Results During the time of July 2011 to November 2013,we successfully completed 52 cases of civil cardiac death organ donation cooperating with doctors,and got 41 liver,which entered the national organ allocation system for distribution.Conclusions The nurses will play a more and more important role in work of civil cardiac death organ donation cooperating with doctors.

Objective To explore the methylation status of Rap1 GTPase activating protein (Rap1GAP) promoter in colon cancer, and to provide the oretical basis and research direction for the early diagnosis, targeted therapy, anti-multidrug resistance of colon cancer and so on. Methods The paraffin embedded specimens of 33 patients with colonic adenocarcinoma diagnosed by pathology were analyzed from Department of Pathology of Xinzhou City People′s Hospital from January 2010 to September 2014, including 19 males and 14 females, and aged 41-72 years old. The paraffin embedded specimens of 16 patients with colonic adenoma were enrolled, including 9 males and 7 females, and aged 34-58 years old. 13 normal tissues from the tumor distal margin (from the tumor > 15 cm) were selected. Quantitative methylation specific PCR (q-MSP) was applied to detect methylation level of Rap1GAP gene promoter. The methylation level differences of Rap1GAP gene promoter region among 3 groups or between different clinicopathologic factor subgroups were compared. Results The methylation rates [median (interquartile range)] of Rap1GAP promoter were 65.43 % (50.35 %), 21.37 % (8.39 %) and 17.43 % (15.71 %) in colonic adenocarcinoma group, colonic adenoma group and adjacent normal tissue group, respectively. The methylation rate of colonic adenocarcinoma group was significantly higher than that of colon adenoma group or that of adjacent normal tissue group (P< 0.05). The methylation rates of Rap1GAP promoter in colonic adenocarcinoma were not correlation with age, sex, differentiation and the stage of TNM [ male vs. female: 42.74 % (70.44 %) vs. 21.98%(80.00%);≤60yearsoldvs.>60yearsold:36.26%(62.62%)and26.23%(76.42 %);well-differentiated vs. moderately/poorly-differentiated: 21.98 % (40.32 %) vs. 42.74 % (74.20 %); TNM Ⅰ-Ⅱ vsⅢ-Ⅳ: 25.31 % (48.27 %) vs. 36.26 % (75.55 %); all P> 0.05]. Conclusion The methylation status of RAP1GAP promoter maybe associate with genesis and development of colon cancer, which might be used as a target for early diagnose of colon cancer.

AIM: To observe the effect of microRNA-16 (miR-16) on the megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells, and to explore the potential mechanism.METHODS:miR-16 was over-expressed or silenced by transfection with miR-16 mimics or inhibitor in K562 cells.The level of miR-16 was detected by real-time PCR.The expression of CD41, CD42b and CD61, as megakaryocytic differentiation markers, was detected by flow cytometry.The effect of miR-16 on the expression of myeloblastosis oncogene ( MYB) was measured by Western blotting, and flow cytometry was performed to confirm whether the effect of miR-16 on expression of CD41, CD42b and CD61 was mediated by MYB.RESULTS:Transfection with miR-16 mimics dramatically elevated the level of miR-16 and the expression of CD41, CD42b and CD61 in the K562 cells.Transfection with miR-16 inhibitor decreased the level of miR-16 and the expression of CD41, CD42b and CD61 in the K562 cells (P<0.05).The expression of MYB was regulated by miR-16, and MYB silencing reversed the regulation of CD41, CD42b and CD61 induced by miR-16.CONCLUSION:miR-16 regulates the megakaryocytic dif-ferentiation of K562 cells by targeting MYB.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of acupoint catgut embedding on gastrointestinal dysfunction after surgery in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods Sixty-eight consecutively hospitalized patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction after surgery in patients with severe traumatic brain injury admitted to the Department of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to December 2015 were enrolled.Six of those patients were withdrawn from the course of observation,and actually only 62 patients entered the study.They were divided into an observation group (32 cases) and a control group (30 cases) by random number table.All the patients of two groups were given conventional treatment of western medicine for consecutive 7 days.The observation group was additionally treated with acupoint catgut embedding.The control group took mosapride tablets via a nasogastric tube 5 mg,3 times a day.Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP),gastric residual volume (GRV),time for reaching standard enteral nutrition,serum diamine oxidase(DAO),D-Lactate activity,incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP),hospitalization days in ICU,28-day mortality and adverse reactions of acupoint catgut embedding were observed in the two groups.Results After treatment,the levels of IAP,DAO,D-lactic acid were lower than those before treatment,GRV was less than that before treatment in the two groups,and after treatment for 7 days the changes were more significant in the observation group [IAP (cmH2O,1 cmH2O =0.098 kPa):12.42±3.11 vs.17.70 ± 2.98,GRV (mL):129.54 ± 57.54 vs.242.91 ± 99.29,DAO (U/L):9.06± 2.84 vs.13.60 ± 7.16,D-Lactate (mg/L):16.47 ± 5.39 vs.26.29 ± 9.62,all P ＜ 0.01].Days of mechanical ventilation (days:6.97 ± 4.13 vs.9.23 ± 4.61),time for reaching standard enteral nutrition (days:4.25 ± 3.15 vs.5.50 ± 3.12) and hospitalization days in ICU (days:9.50± 4.03 vs.12.20 ± 6.38) in observation group were significantly shorter than those in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of HAP [15.6％ (5/32) vs.40.0％ (12/30)] and 28-day mortality [3.1％ (1/32) vs.6.7％ (2/30)] in observation group were obviously lower than those in control group.The patients in observation group had no significant adverse reactions of acupoint catgut embedding.Conclusions Acupoint catgut embedding therapy is not only easy to operate,but also can effectively improve gastrointestinal motility and intestinal barrier function in patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction after surgery of severe head injury,thus it is beneficial to reaching the enteral nutritional goal in less time,reducing the incidence of HAP,shortening the hospitalization time in ICU and promoting the recovery of the patients.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Hypothyroidism ; genetics ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone ; genetics