Disaster Planning ; Humans ; Physicians

Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Glioma ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology

To study the pharmacokinetic effect of different combined administration with monarch drug Ziziphi Spinosae Semen on its main components in rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into Ziziphi Spinosae Semen group, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen-Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group, Ziziphi spinosae Semen-Salviae Miltiorrhize Radix et Rhizoma group and Zaoren Ansheng prescription group. After oral administration, HPLC was eluted with the mobile phase of acetonitrle-0.03% phosphate acid water in a gradient mode. The detection wavelength was 280 nm. The pharmacokinetic parameters of spinosin and ferulic acid were calculated by DAS 2. 0 software. Compared with Ziziphi Spinosae Semen group, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen-Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen-Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group showed a lower maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and area under curve (AUC(0-t)) for spinosin and ferulic acid but higher clearance speed (CL/F); whereas the Zaoren Ansheng prescription group showed higher maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and area under curve (AUC(0-t)) for spinosin and ferulic acid but lower clearance speed (CL/F). Compared with Ziziphi Spinosae Semen group, prescription group showed slower metabolism of spinosin and ferulic
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coumaric Acids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Flavonoids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ziziphus ; chemistry

Objective To study the effects of CYP3A5 * 1 and CYP3A5 * 3 genotypes on tacrolimus dose requirement.Method We tested archival peripheral blood of 69 kidney recipients for CYP3A5 genotyping by polymerase chain reaction.The dose,blood concentrations and dose-normalized blood concentrations of tacrolimus were measured at 1st and 2nd month after the renal transplantation.Result There were 6 cases of CYP3A5 * 1/* 1 (8.7％),22 cases of CYP3A5 * 1/* 3 (31.9％),and 41 cases of CYP3A5 * 3/* 3 (59.4％).At 1st and 2nd month after the renal transplantation,the carriers of CYP3A5 * 1 genotype had a higher mean tacrolimus dose than CYP3A5 * 3/* 3 genotye (both P＜0.000 1),and those of CYP3A5 * 1 genotype had lower mean tacrolimus concentrations than CYP3A5 * 3/* 3 genotye (P=0.020 8,and P =0.019 1 respectively).Meanwhile,the carriers of CYP3A5 * 1 genotype had lower dose-normalized blood concentrations of tacrolimus than CYP3A5 * 3/* 3 genotye (P＜0.000 1) at 1st month after the renal transplantation,as well as at 2nd month after the renal transplantation (P =0.0191).Hepatic and renal function showed no significant effect on tacrolimus dose adjusted concentration at 1st and 2nd month after transplantation.Gender did not show a significant impact on tacrolimus dose.Conclusion CYP3A5 * 1 carriers needhigher tacrolimus dose than CYP3A5 * 3 homozygote to achieve the target blood concentration.CYP3A5 genotyping is a new approach for detecting tacrolimus dose requirement in kidney recipients.

Traditional processes are mostly adopted in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation production and the quality of products is mostly controlled by terminal. Potential problems of the production in the process are unpredictable and is relied on experience in most cases. Therefore, it is hard to find the key points affecting the preparation process and quality control. A pattern of research and development of traditional Chinese medicine preparation process based on the idea of Quality by Design (QbD) was proposed after introducing the latest research achievement. Basic theories of micromeritics and rheology were used to characterize the physical property of TCM raw material. TCM preparation process was designed in a more scientific and rational way by studying the correlation among enhancing physical property of raw material, preparation process and product quality of preparation. So factors affecting the quality of TCM production would be found out and problems that might occur in the pilot process could be predicted. It would be a foundation for the R&D and production of TCM preparation as well as support for the "process control" of TCMIs gradually realized in the future.
Drug Compounding ; methods ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; trends ; Quality Control ; Research ; standards ; trends ; Research Design ; standards ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods ; standards

Adult ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; etiology ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Pneumoconiosis ; etiology ; Silicon Dioxide ; poisoning

Background and purpose: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a new minimally invasive method in the dignosis for mediastinal lymph nodes. This study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of EBUS-TBNA for mediastinal lymph nodes. Methods: Twenty patients with mediastinal lymph nodes found by CT underwent the dignosis by EBUS-TBNA form April 1st 2009 to July 16th 2009. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA were evaluated. Results: Twenty patients with 37 lymph node groups were studied. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA for diagnostic were 84.62%, 100%, 100%, 77.78% and 90.00%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy for cancer was 100%. The operation time was 11.9min per group in average with no serious complication. The median length of hospital stay was 1 (range from 1 to 17 days) day after operation. There were significant differences in the average operation time between the first three patients and the others (36.25 min vs. 7.76 min; z=3.247, P=0.001). Conclusion: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration proved to be a safe procedure with a high yield for the diagnosis of mediastinal lymph nodes.

Objective To investigate the effect of early enteral nutrition.Methods 248 patients with esophageal and gastric carcinoma were randomly divided into two groups,and received enteral nutrition(EN)and parenteral nutrition(PN)each continuously for 6 days after operation.The body weight,blood routine test,liver function,and postoperative day 8 were compared with those before operation.Results The body weight,red blood cell count,and the levels of hemoglobin,serum albumin and transaminase decreased less in EN group than those in PN group(P＜0.01).The complication rates of anastomotic fistula,pulmonary infection,and delayedincision healing and average volume of pleural effusion were 0,13.8%,0,780ml in EN groups,while 3.2%,28.2%,7.2%,1842ml in PN group.Conclusion Early postoperative enteral nutirtion after esophageal carcinoma surgery can improve nutritional status and reduce complications in comparision with parenteral nutrition.

Objective:To research the solubilization of sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin ( SEB-β-CD) on voriconazole and the sta-bility of voriconazole with different pH values. Methods:Phase-solubility diagram was applied to study the solubilization of SEB-β-CD on voriconazole. Meanwhile, the impurity of voriconazole was determined to study the stability. Results:SBE-β-CD could increase the solubility of voriconazole significantly and the apparent stability constant was similar within the pH range of 5. 0-8. 0. The stability of voriconazole was decreased with the increase of pH. Conclusion:SEB-β-CD is an ideal solubilizer for voriconazole, while the stability is influenced by pH.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cerebral Cortex ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; drug therapy ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Nitroso Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar