Objective To understand the status quo of medical college students participating in the volunteer service behavior to provide the basis for further promoting and perfecting their volunteer service work .Methods 1 773 students in Chongqing Medical University were performed the inventory survey by the self-designed semi-structured questionnaire .Results 93 .3% of respondents were willing to participate in the volunteer service with the actual participation rate of 75 .8% ,among them only 40 .8% of partici-pants received the related volunteer service training .The differences of the participation rate among different majors had statistical significance(P<0 .01) ,the majors of the clinical medicine and the public health were superior to the nursing major ;the participation items and the age limit of the grade 3 students all were superior to those of the grade 2(P<0 .01);the participation rate and the participation items of the female students were superior to those of the male students (P<0 .05) .The present existing problems in the volunteer service were mainly the imperfection of the organization and management ,insufficient publicity and training ,unitary service mode and lacking fund support ,and so on .Conclusion The medical college students have the high enthusiasm to take part in the volunteer service with the better actual participation rate .The differences exist among different majors ,grades and genders .The colleges and the relevant government administrative departments should strengthen the linkage to co-construct the more perfect or-ganization and management system of the volunteer service system .

Objective To explore the acquired immunity against Schistosoma japonicum infections in the offspring of mother-mice infected with Trichinella spiralis.Methods The offspring of mother-mice infected with Trichinella spiralis and the mice after passively transferring the offspring's sera were sacrificed at day 42 post infection with S. japonicum cercariae. The percentage of reduction in worm burdens was calculated to determine the protective effects. Results Comparing with the control group, the reduction rates of the worm were 24.31% in the offspring, 18.65% and 20.77% in mice with passively transferring the offspring's sera by intravenous injection and muscular injection respectively. Conclusion The offspring of mother-mice infected with Trichinella spiralis and the mice with passively transferring the offspring's sera could acquire protective immunity against Schistosoma japonicum infections.

Objective To explore the effect of N2O with High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) on SKVO3 through observing the influence of HIFU and N2O, separated and combined, on SKVO3. Methods The cultured SKVO3 cells were divided into 4 group: control group: without any treatment; N2O group: blowed by N2O 60 minutes; HIFU group: irradiated by HIFU (250W, 5s) and N2O-HIFU group blowed by N2O 60 minutes and irradiated by HIFU (250W, 5s). Flow cytometric method and Annexin V-FITC/PI binding assay were applied to detect cell death and apoptosis, and western blot test to detect Cytochrome C, Capase 3, Bax, Bcl-2 and GAPDH. Results The cell death and apoptosis in N2O-HIFU group were significant higher than those in other groups(P < 0.05). The results of western blot showed that in N2O-HIFU group, CytochromeC, Caspase 3 and Bax increased remarkably, but Bcl-2 significantly suppressed. Conclusion HIFU combininh with N2O could enhance the killing of SKVO3 cell.

Objective To analyze the false-positive results of Treponema pallidum antibody caused by 3 different assay in comparison with Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA).Methods Research group included 3957 clinically asymptomatic syphilis patients,and control group was 344 outpatients with sex-transmitted diseases (STD).The serum samples from the patients who were TPHA-positive were tested in parallel by enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) and syphilis toluidine red untreated serum test (TRUST).Western blot (WB) was performed as confirmatory test.Results In the clinically asymptomatic patients,60 were TPHA-positive.Among them 57 were confirmed by western blot assay,and 1 was false-positive and 2 were borderline in WB.Of the 60 TPHA-positive patients,53 were positive in EIA and 23 were positive in TRUST.In STD patients 40 were TPHA,WB and EIA-positive but 32 were TRUST-positive.Conclusions The results of TPHA and EIA were consistent for diagnosis of syphilis patients who may suffer from previous or latent infection.

Objective Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) cDNA was transfected into colorectal cancer cell lines LOVO with the lentiviral vector,the anticancer effeciency of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR)and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on LOVO cells were evaluated.Methods TP cDNA were transfected into LOVO cell line with the lentiviral vector pLenti6.3_MCS_IRES2-EGFP,and the transfection efficiency was analyzed by flow cytometer and immunohistochemistry.Cells were divided into six groups:LOVO,LOVO-TP,LOVO-control,LOVO + INF-α2a,LOVO-TP + INF-α2a,LOVO-control + INF-α2a.TP protein expression and the relative quantitative analysis for TP mRNA in transfections cells were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively.Volumes of converted 5-FU from either in the medium containing different concentration of 5'-DFUR,in which all cells were cultured,or in cells lysate,were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results The transfection efficiency of TP cDNA in LOVO cells was 95％.The Mean gray value of TP protein expression in LOVO-TP and LOVO-TP + INF-α2a were 198.15 folds and 243.22 folds higher than LOVO cell,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).The RQ values of TP mRNA expression in LOVO-TP and LOVO-TP + INF-α2a were also 18.56 folds and 59.61 folds higher than wild LOVO cell,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).The IC50 values of 5'-DFUR on LOVO-TP and LOVO-TP + INF-α2a were 1 660 μ mol/L and 813 μ mol/L,respectively,significantly lower than 4 462.59 μ mol/L in wild LOVO (P ＜ O.01).The 5-FU volumes detected from media contained series concentration of 5'-DFUR for culturing LOVO-TP and LOVO-TP + INF-α2a were 2.0-5.3 folds,and 2.9-10.4 folds more than wild LOVO,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Transfected TP cDNA into colorectal cancer cell line LOVO with lentiviral vector increases the expression of TP mRNA and TP protein and the amount of 5-FU converted from 5'-DFUR,enhancing its anticancer effect.

Objective To evaluate the impact of multiple lacunar infarction (MLI) on the outcomes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods MCI patients were selected in outpatients and hospitalized patients using a common international standard MCI screen. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computer tomography (CT) were used to determine the presence of MLI. MCI patients were followed up for 6～24 months and their cognitive status and the impact of MLI on MCI were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results One hundred twenty patients were diagnosed as having MCI based on clinical evaluation and neuropsychological assessment. Among them, 43 (35.8%) patients had MLI and the rest 77 (64.1%) patients did not have. Twenty-seven MCI patients with MLI (62.8%) developed dementia, while 15 MCI patients without MLI (19.4%) developed dementia during 6～24 months follow-up. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the incidence of dementia was significantly higher in patients with MLI than in patients without MLI did (P＜0.05). Conclusions MCI patients with MLI are more prone to dementia. These results suggest that early interventions aimed at controlling the modifiable risks are warranted for dementia prevention in MCI patients with MLI.

BACKGROUND: 60% of the patients receiving implantable cardioverter defibrillator(ICD) believe their quality of life has been improved. However,about 30% to 50% of the patients suffer from postoperative depression and anxiety; especially those patients receive electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).OBJECTIVE: To probe into the modulatory effects of cognitive behavior therapy(CBT) on depression and anxiety in patients with ICD.DESIGN: A retrospective case analysis based on ICD patients SETTING: Room of Cardiac Catheterization, Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Second Hospital PARTICIPANTS: The study was conducted in the Room of Cardiac Catheterization of the Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Second Hospital,Central South University from October 2000 to August 2001. Inclusive criteria: ICD patients that had ineffective medicine therapy for paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation complicated with cardiac syncope. Exclusive criteria: incoorperative patients or patients who unable to receive periodical follow up. A total of 6 patients were involved including 4 male and 2 female patients aged from 45 to 71 years old with an average age of (57.3 ± 2.4) years old. All of the patients received Micro Jewell Ⅱ 7223 ICD made by Medtronic Company. Diagnoses of basic disease:2 cases of coronary heart disease, 2 cases of right ventricular myocardial disease, 1 case of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia due to unknown reason,and 1 case of Brugada syndrome.METHODS: "Morita therapy" technique was used. Patients were asked to transfer their spirit energies into feasible objectives of their real life, which would be helpful to the rapid improvement of their symptoms. symptom checklist-90(SCL-90) scale was used to evaluate the psychological symptoms before and after the therapy.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of the scores gained in SCL-90 between before and after CBT.RESULTS: There were significant differences in the items of somatization,compulsion, sensitive human relationship, depression, anxiety, phobia disorder, etc. between before and after CBT ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ).CONCLUSION: Psychotherapy shouldn't be neglected in the postoperative follow up of ICD, and CBT is helpful to relieve symptoms especially for those depression and anxiety patients with electroconvulsive experiences.

ZENG Tian-zhi, as one of the disciples of Mr. CHENG Dan-an, is considered as one of the major successors of the Chengjiang acupuncture school in the South of the Five Ridges. By collecting Mr. ZENG's works and papers as well as the interviews with his followers, his life and achievements are verified and his existing representative works are introduced. It is found out that following CHENG Dan-an's steps, ZENG Tian-zhi has practiced the medicine and performed great deeds, established schools and taught students. Also he established the first educational institution of acupuncture in Hong Kong, namely College of Scientific Acupuncture. He has traveled to many places to promote the acupuncture and cultivate a large number of acupuncturists. His works are characterized by organized edition, bringing in modern medical theory and focusing on clinic applicability.
Acupuncture ; education ; history ; methods ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Books ; China ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of total saponins from Rhizoma Dioscoreae nipponicae (RDN) on the expression of stroma cell derived factor 1 (SDF1) and IKB kinase (IKK) in rIL-1beta induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS).

METHODSFLS were primarily cultured and the 3rd generation log phase growth FLS were divided into the normal control group, the model group, and the medication group. 10 microg/L rIL-1beta was used to induce the proliferation of FLS in the model group.10 microg/L rIL-1beta and 100 microg/L RDN were administered to co-incubate FLS in the medication group. No treatment was given to FLS in the normal control group. Expression levels of SDF1 and IkapaB kinase proteins (p-IKK) were detected using Western blot.

RESULTSExpression levels of SDF1 and p-IKK increased significantly higher in the model group than in the normal control group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, expression levels of SDF-1 and p-IKK significantly decreased in the medication group (P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONSTotal saponins from RDN could inhibit the activation of both SDF1 and p-IKK. It might further regulate the expression of IKB kinase by regulating the expression of SDF1.

Cells, Cultured ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; metabolism ; Dioscorea ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Epithelial Cells ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Saponins ; metabolism ; Synovial Membrane ; metabolism

This study aimed to investigate viral infections and the prevalence of influenza-like illness (ILI) in Shijiazhuang, China, in 2011 and to provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis and control of respiratory tract infections. Throat swab specimens were collected from 483 cases of ILI who were outpatients in the influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Shijiazhuang between January and December 2011. All specimens were examined by multiplex RT-PCR for the following 15 respiratory tract viruses: adenovirus (ADV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human parainfluenza virus (PIV types 1-4), influenza virus A (FluA), influenza virus B (FluB), human enterovirus (HEV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV-A and -B), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronavirus (HCoV-229E/NL63 and -OC43/HKU1), and human bocavirus (HBoV). Among the 483 cases of ILI, 214 (44.31%) were positive for viruses, including ADV (8.7%), HEV (8.7%), RSV-A (8.07%), HRV (7.45%), FluA (5.38%), HCoV-OC43/ HKU1 (2.9%), PIV-3 (2.9%), HMPV (1.86%), PIV-1 (1.24%), HCoV-229E/NL63 (1.04%), PIV-2 (1.04%), HBoV (0.83%), and FluB (0.41%). Twenty-six (5.38%) of all cases were co-infected with two or more viruses, most commonly HEV/HRV with other viruses. Cases of viral infection were detected throughout the year, with peaks in January and February. ADV and HRV were detected throughout almost the whole year without obvious seasonality. HEV was detected between April and November, with a peak of prevalence in summer and autumn. FluA and FluB reached epidemic levels mainly in winter and spring. All cases of RSV were identified to be subtype A. PIV infection was mainly caused by PIV-3. The positive rate of HCoV-OC43/HKU1 infection was significantly higher than that of HCoV-229E/NL63. The leading five viruses that resulted in ILI Shijiazhuang in 2011 were HEV, ADV, RSV-A, HRV, and FluA, and these viruses have different epidemiological features.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Virus Diseases ; epidemiology ; virology ; Viruses ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Young Adult