To study chemical constituents of the leaves of Nauclea officinalis, eight alkaloids were isolated from 95% ethanol extract by various chromatographic methods. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data (IR, UV, ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR) and identified as naucleactonin C (1), strictosamide (2), vincosamide (3), pumiloside (4), angustoline (5), angustine (6), 18, 19-dihydroangustine (7) and naucleofficine D (8). Compound 1 is a new indole alkaloid. Compounds 6 and 7 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

This study was aimed to explore the effect of total flavonoids and saponins from Huang-Qi Ge-Gen (HQGG) decoction on blood glucose (BG), serum lipid, interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-15 (IL-15) of liver in diabetes mellitus (DM) rats, in order to investigate their interactions in regulating DM processes. A total of 66 SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, which were the normal group, model group (A1B1), control group, total flavonoids group (A2B1), total saponins group (A1B2), and total flavonoids and saponins group (A2B2), with 11 rats in each group. Except the normal group, other groups were intraperitoneal injected with streptozotocin (STZ). And the experiment was according to 2×2 factorial design experiment scheme. The BG was determined before STZ injection and 7 days after the STZ injection. After 30 days, BG, serum lipid, IL-12 and IL-15 of liver were tested. Related indexes were calculated to the weighted composite score. Main and interactive effect of total flavonoids and saponins were studied according to the factorial design experiment scheme. The results showed that compared with the normal group, all indexes of model group showed statistical differences (P<0.05). Total flavonoids and saponins from HQGG decoction can effectively reduce BG, without any interactions between them. Both the total flavonoids and total saponins can reduce serum cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), liver IL-12 and IL-15. And there were interactive effects. The single use of herb achieved better effects than the combination. It was concluded that total flavonoids and saponins from HQGG decoction can reduce BG, CHO, TG, and liver IL-12 and IL-15 levels in rats. However, the regulation of total flavonoids and saponins on indexes mentioned above showed no additive effect.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of acupoint sticking of Chinese medicine at Shenque (CV 8) for preventing spleenstomach disharmony caused by venous analgesia pump.Methods:A total of 120 post-surgery patients using venous analgesia pump and also conforming to the inclusion criteria were randomized into 2 groups by the random number table.There were 58 patients in the control group who received conventional post-surgery nursing care,and there were 62 patients in the treatment group who received acupoint sticking at Shenque (CV 8) on the basis of conventional nursing care.After treatment,the incidences of postoperative nausea and vomiting,and abdominal bloating were measured.Results:The total incidence of nausea,vomiting and abdominal bloating in the treatment group was 11.3％,versus 39.7％ in the control group,and the difference of the incidence between the two groups showed a statistical significance (P＜0.05).In comparison of the severity of spleen-stomach dishormony which happened during 72 h after surgery,cases in the treatment group showed lower severity than those in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Acupoint sticking at Shenque (CV 8) can effectively prevent spleen-stomach disharmony caused by venous analgesia pump,which will alleviate sufferings of the patients.

AIM To study the phenols from Vitex negundo Linn..METHODS The ethyl acetate fraction of 70％ ethanol extract from V.negundo was isolated and purified by silica,Sephadex LH-20 and ODS column,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by spectral data.RESULTS Seven compounds were isolated and identified as luteolin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),isoorientin 6-O-caffeate (2),3,4,5-tricaffeoyl quinic acid (3),(+)-pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside (4),methyl isoferuloyl-7-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) lactate (5),benzyl 7-O-β-D-glucoside (6) and oresbiusin A (7).CONCLUSION All the compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time,and compounds 1,3,5-7 are first isolated from genus Vitex.

Objective To investigate the effects of X-ray beam hardening from contrast agent on CT values on CTA images.Methods The 20 mL syringes were numbered 1 to 26.The syringe 1,4,7,23 and 20 were filled with 1 mL,0.8 mL,0.6 mL,0.4 mL and 0.2 mL of iodine contrast medium (300 mg I/mL),respectively,and then mixed each of them with 0.9％ NaC1 solution to get a total of 20 mL solution in each syringe.The rest of 26 syringes were filled with 20 mL of 0.9％ NaC1 solution,as the experimental group to simulate carotid artery CTA examination.Matched 26 numbered syringes were filled with 20 mL 0.9％ NaC1 solution respectively,as control group to simulate plain scan.CT scans were performed,CT values were measured,and then the difference of CT values of 0.9 ％ NaCl solution in two groups was analyzed statistically.Results The mean,maximum and minimum CT values of saline in the experimental group vs control group were (-0.139±10.322) HU vs (5.585±2.939) HU,14.6 HU vs 9.7 HU,-23.8 HU vs-2.4 HU,respectively,and the differences were significant (t=2.695,P＜0.05).The CT values of saline around the high concentrations of iodine solution showed a large fluctuation range.Conclusion The X ray beam hardening effects caused by high concentration of iodine contrast on carotid artery CTA phase,may cause significant fluctuations of CT values.

Several kinds of column chromatography method were used to investigate the chemical constituents of the leaves of Lophatherum gracile. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified based on their physicochemical properties and spectral data. A new flavone C-glycoside was isolated and its structure was identified as 3'-methoxyl-luteolin 6-C-beta-D-galactopyranosiduronic acid (1 --> 2) -alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (1).
Antiviral Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavones ; chemistry ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Hydrolysis ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Poaceae ; chemistry

Objective To assess the current status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards antibiotic use among community residents in Hangzhou, and to explore the correlations among them. Methods A total of 449 permanent residents in Hangzhou were randomly selected using a multistage stratified random sampling method. Self-reported data on basic demographic factors, and relevant KAP information were collected by the questionnaire survey. Differences in KAP scores according to each demographic factor were assessed by the t test or ANOVA test, and AMOS 21.0 was used for the path analysis. Results Scores for knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic use were (6.17±2.45), (6.45±0.99) and (6.21±1.02) respectively. Results of the path analysis showed that education level and age had effects on the knowledge (coefficients: 0.57 and -0.38 respectively) . Age, gender and knowledge had effects on the attitude (coefficients: -0.27, 0.12 和 0.02 respectively), and attitudes, gender, monthly income and the level of education had effects on the practice (coefficients: 0.48、 0.37、 0.06 and 0.02 respectively) . Conclusion Community residents in Hangzhou lack relevant knowledge, and there are some irrational attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use. There is a correlation between knowledge and attitudes, as well as between attitudes and practices, but the knowledge and practices are not correlated.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the changes of plasma levels of resistin with the contemporary body weigh changes in the same population. Methods: The community based epidemiological surveys were carried out in the same population in Shijingshan district of Beijing at the year of 2005 and year of 2010. A total of 943 subjects with the entire information of cardiovascular related risk factors were enrolled including 316 male with the mean age of (58.2 ± 8.5) years and 627 female with the mean age of (59.3 ± 7.5) years. Plasma levels of resistin in both year of 2005 and year of 2010 in all subjects were recorded, and the subjects were divided into 4 groups based on the quartile levels of resistin. Group①, the subjects with plasma level of resistin ≤ (-0.66) mmol/L,n=239, Group②, resistin level (from -0.67 to 0.25) mmol/L,n=233, Group③, resistin level (0.26-1.24) mmol/L, n=235 and Group④, resistin level ≥1.25 mmol/L,n=236. Pearson correlation study with uni- and multi- regression analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between the changes of plasma levels of resistin with the contemporary body weight changes in the same population.Results: The uni-variate analysis showed that in female subjects, plasma levels of resistin were obviously related to the percentage (%) of body weight changes (correlation coefifcient: 0.1173), body weight index (kg/m2) changes (0.1521), the% of body weight index changes (0.1412), the waist circumference (cm) changes (0.1228) and the % of waist circumference changes (0.1057) respectively, allP<0.05; while the above changes in male subjects were not signiifcant, allP>0.05. Multi-regression analysis indicated that with adjusted baseline variables, in female subjects, the plasma levels of resistin were obviously related to body weight (kg) changes and the % of body weight changes (regression coefifcient: 0.0261 and 0.2916), body weight index (kg/m2) changes and % of body weight index changes (0.2157 and 0.3072), the waist circumference (cm) changes and the% of waist circumference changes (0.0532 and 0.2738) respectively, allP<0.05; while the above changes in male subjects were not signiifcant, allP>0.05. Conclusion: The changes of plasma levels of resistin are signiifcantly related to contemporary body weight changes in female subjects, but not in male subjects.