To design and synthesize the hepatic targeting anticancer prodrug with norcantharidin (NCTD-Gal) conjugating structure, galactosylated NCTD derivatives were synthesized from NCTD analogues modified by a series of amino acids via acylation, hydrolysis, glycosylation and deacetylation. Seven new compounds were synthesized as beta-O-glycosides and characterized by IR, MS, NMR and element analysis. The compound 4a was chosen for the inchoate antitumor experiments on mice. The result showed that the antitumor inhibition rate of 4a groups with medium and high dose are clearly higher than that of NCTD group, which suggests that anticancer effect of NCTD is improved at a certain degree by galactosylation.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Female ; Galactose ; chemistry ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Prodrugs ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of discriminant function analysis for pericolic infiltration in colorectal cancer on enhanced 64-slice spiral CT and to improve the diagnostic accuracy and specificity of pericolic infiltration. Methods Dynamic enhanced 64-slice spiral CT was performed in 49 colorectal cancer patients (49 masses in total) before surgery. One or two slices were selected for each mass, with a total of 96 slices. The 96 slices were classified into two groups (pericolic infiltration or nonpericolic infiltration group) according to pathological data. Discriminant analysis was performed on the CT values between the mass and the corresponding pericolic tissue 5 mm from the mass at different time points as follows; 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, and 75 s. The discriminant function was calculated, and the pericolic infiltration determined by discriminant function and CT morphology were compared with the pathological results. The CT values in pericolic and non-pericolic infiltration groups at different enhancement time points were assessed using analysis of variance. Results The mean CT values ranged from (43. 6 ±7. 8) HU to (52. 3 ±0. 8) HU in the pericolic infiltration group, and ranged from (100.4±20.3)HU to(116.2±21.4)HU in the non.perieolic infiltration group.At 20 s and 40 s,the mean CT vshle8 were(43.6±27.8)HU and(50.9±27.8)HU in the perleolic infiltration group, (102.0±16.9)HU and(116.2 ±21.4)HU in the non-perieolic infiltration group,respectively.The mean CT value in the pericolic infiltration group was significantly lower than that in the non-pericolic infiltration group at all contrast enhancement time points(F=6.278,P<0.01).A diseriminant function Was obtained as follows:D=-3.450+0.023Xl±0.017X2-0.00lX12-0.001X22+0.002X1×X2. Based on the CT morphology of colorectal cancer,69 slices were identified correctly and 27 slices were fulsely interpreted.the sensitivity.speeificity and accuracy for perieolic infiltration determination were 82.5%,64.3%and 71.9%.respectively.Based on diseriminant function,85 slices were identified correctly and 11 slices were falsely interpreted.the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were 85.0%.91.1%and 88.5%,respectively.Conclusion The discriminant function with dynamic enhanced 64-slice spiral CT can improve the diagnostic accuracy and specificity of perieolic infiltration in eolorectal cancer patients.

Objective To analyze the imaging features and to enhance the understanding of pancreatic and renal involvement in yon Hippel-Lindau disease (VHLD). Methods CT and MRI appearances and clinical data of six patients with pancreatic and renal involvement in VHLD were studied retrospectively.Six patients underwent CT scanning, and two of them also had MRI.Results Pancreatic cysts found in all six patients varied from several small cysts to cystic replacement of the entire gland.Calcifications were detected in four patients. Multiple bilateral renal lesions were detected in six patients.The renal lesions were classified as cystic, cystic with solid components and solid.Multiple combined renal lesions were found in five patients, and multiple simple cysts in one patient.Unilateral nephrectomy was performed in two patients, and the renal masses were diagnosed as clear cell carcinoma by pathology.Bile carcinoid was found in one patient, and retroperitoneal metastasis in another.Conclusion Multiple pancreatic cysts and/or multiple and bilateral combined renal lesions are highly suggestive of VHLD.

Objective To study the association between the plasma homocysteine level and coronary artery disease(CAD), and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) A1298C polymorphism, the methionine synthase (MS) A2756G polymorphism and their associations to the plasma homocysteine level and CAD in the elderly . Methods One hundred and twenty-nine elderly patients with CAD documented by coronary angiogram and 48 elderly patients with normal coronary angiographic results were included in this study. Plasma homocysteine level were measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) method and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to analyse the MTHFR A1298C and MS A2756G genotypes. Results The plasma homocysteine level was significantly higher in CAD group than that in the control group〔(16.2?8.6) ?mol/L vs (12.7?5.0) ?mol/L,P0.05);the prevalence of MTHFR 1298CC homozygous in the CAD patients was significantly less than that in the control group (3.1% vs 14.6%, P

AIM:To study the feasibility of recombinant adeno-associated virus(rAAV)as a vector to transfer the green fluorescent protein(GFP)gene as a target gene into rabbit retina.METHODS:Intravitreal injection of rAAV-gfp was performed in either eye for each rabbit with the other eye taken as control.At the 3rd,7th,and 14th day after injection,the eyeballs were removed,and the retinas were flat-mounted on glass slides to inspect the retinal fluorescence,respectively.RESULTS:After intravitreal injection of rAAV-gfp,the presence of fluorescent spots in the cytoplasm of retinal cells indicated that GFP gene was efficiently transferred and expressed in the rabbit retina.CONCLUSION:Recombinant adeno-associated virus is a reliable and simple vector for transferring target gene,e.g.,GFP gene,to the retina.

BACKGROUND:Early-onset scoliosis is a kind of disease that seriously affects the growth of children’s spine and development of cardiorespiratory function. The treatment of the disease has always been the focus of many clinical researchers.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the therapy for early-onset scoliosis and explore the spinal fusion, spinal non-fusion, conventional growth rod technology and magnetic control ed growth rod technology of early-onset scoliosis. METHODS:We retrieved PubMed, CENTRAL, EMbase, the ISI Web of Knowledge Databases, VIP, CNKI, CBM and Wanfang Database for related studies published from inception of the database to March 2016. The key words were“scoliosis, growing rod, complications”. The included 54 studies were analyzed and discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:For these children of early-onset scoliosis, we should not only maintain the correction of spine deformities, but also protect the ability of spine growth, keeping the normal cardiopulmonary function. In addition to conventional (non-surgical) treatment, there are surgical treatment (such as spinal fusion and growing rod technique) and magnetical y control ed growing rod, a new technology for the treatment of early-onset scoliosis. A comprehensive understanding of the effect of surgical treatment on the spine growth and cardiopulmonary function of children with early-onset scoliosis wil help to prevent the occurrence of related complications, so as to obtain a better therapeutic effect.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of ultrasonography of fetal congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung (CCAM), and to predict the prognosis according to ultrasonographic findings. Methods The chest of 19 fetus with CCAM was multi-sectionally scanned with two-dimensional ultrasonography. The position, appearance and size of mass were observed, and complications were continuously followed. Results CCAM was pathologically confirmed in 13 fetus after induced abortion. One neonatal died, while CCAM in other 5 fetus disappeared before 36 weeks. The mass of typeⅠCCAM became smaller and smaller, and eventually disappeared. The echo-free spaces in typeⅡbecame smaller and fewer, and the strong echo weakened to the same level as normal lung. For type Ⅲ, the echo of solid mass weakened to the same level as normal lung, or transformed to typeⅡ gradually, and finally recovered to normal echo of lung as the gestational age increased. During follow up, there were 10 fetus (10/19, 52.63%) that lung adenoma cyst increased with the gestational age increased, and the heart, mediastinal shifted, pleural effusion, and (or) fetal edema were observed. Conclusion Ultrasound examination is a reliable method for the diagnosis of CCAM, and enable to predict the prognosis of the affected fetuses. If heart and mediustinum displacement, pleural effusion, hydrops fetal or other abnormalities exist, it's necessary to terminate the pregnancy.

Treatment of calcaneal fractures has always been the focus of many clinical researchers.The goals of traditional surgical treatment are not only to restore the integrity of calcaneal articular surface but also to reconstruct the anatomy of the calcaneus.More importantly,we need to reduce postoperative soft tissue swelling and incidence of postoperative complications.In recent years,scholars have reported satisfactory clinical efficacy and prognosis resulting from a sinus tarsal approach for treatment of calcaneal fractures.This paper reviews the latest research progress concerning the sinus tarsal approach for treatment of calcaneal fractures at home and abroad,intending to provide helpful information for the clinical surgeons.

Objective To observe the sub-chronic effects of low doses of arsenic poisoning in rabbits exposed to different periods on some of the serum enzymes and biochemical indicators, and to provide the basis for screening of meaningful hematologic indicators for early diagnosis of arsenic poisoning. Methods Twelve adult rabbits,weighing 2.0 - 3.5 kg, were randomly divided into four groups, 3 in each group, and they were fed with drinking water containing sodium arsenite 0(control),0.01,0.05,0.25 mg/L, respectively. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transacylase (y-GT), total protein(TP), albumin(ALB), globulin(GLP), and ALB/GLP of rabbit were measured by SYSMEX-180 automated biochemistry analyzer after 8 weeks and 12 weeks exposure. Results The results showed that ALT in 0.05 mg/Lgroup of 12 week[(60.00 ± 4.14)U/L]increased significantly compared with the control[(41.50 ± 2.12)U/L, P ＜0.05];AST in 0.25 mg/L group of 8 week and 12 week[(46.50 ± 3.21 ), (52.33 ± 3.81 )U/L]increased significantly compared with the control[(21.33 ± 3.53), (29.50 ± 3.23 )U/L, all P ＜ 0.05];ALP in 0.05 mg/L and 0.25 mg/L group of 12 week [(78.68 ± 4.85 ), ( 103.00 ± 7.83 ) U / L]increased significantly compared with the control [(45.50 ± 5.50)U/L, all P ＜ 0.05];γ-GT in 0.05 mg/L group of 12 week[(19.33 ± 7.50)U/L]increased significantly compared with the contro1[(8.50 ± 3.53)U/L, P＜ 0.05]. TP, ALB, GLP, ALB/GLP of different groups of 8 week and 12 week were not significantly different statistically(F= 0.77,0.02,0.16,3.14 and 0.51,0.29,0.41,0.52, all P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions Zero point zero five mg/L and higher doses of sub-chronic arsenic exposure has some major damage to the liver. Compared with other serum enzymes and the biochemical indexes, serum AST is a early sensitive indicator of liver injury of the arsenic poisoning.

Objective:To explore the application effect of interactive group management mode in puerpera with postpartum diastasis recti abdominis, and to provide reference for optimizing the health management of puerpera with rectus abdominis separation.Methods:This study was a randomized controlled trial. Convenience sampling method was used to select 114 puerpera with postpartum diastasis recti abdominis who were treated in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhenjiang City from January to June 2022 as the research objects. According to the random number table method, the postpartum women were divided into an intervention group and a control group with 57 cases each. The intervention group received interactive group management for 12 weeks, while the control group received routine health guidance. Before and after the intervention, the two groups were evaluated by diastasis recti abdominis, rehabilitation knowledge-attitude-practice, general self-efficacy, and the duration of the first-level test results of the eight-level abdominal bridge.Results:The 55 cases were included in the final intervention group, while 56 cases were included in the control group. After intervention, the separation distance of rectus abdominis of the intervention group was (2.27 ± 0.47) cm, and that of the control group was (2.48 ± 0.39) cm. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t = 2.53, P<0.05). The knowledge-attitude-practice total score and each item score of diastasis recti abdominis rehabilitation in the intervention group were (106.84 ± 5.78), (61.53 ± 4.29), (25.42 ± 2.26), (19.89 ± 1.89) points respectively while in the control group were (73.77 ± 8.33), (38.48 ± 7.56), (20.73 ± 3.07), (13.55 ± 1.99) points. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t values were 9.16 -24.28, all P<0.01). The general self-efficacy score of the intervention group was (27.47 ± 3.16) points, and that of the control group was (26.05 ± 3.43) points. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t = 2.26, P<0.05). The first-level test time of eight-level abdominal bridge in the intervention group was (80.29 ± 11.50) s, which was significantly higher than (29.39 ± 6.09) s in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 29.20, P<0.01). The completion rate of exercise in the intervention group was (90.20 ± 1.83)%. Higher than (69.52 ± 8.04)% in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( t = 13.73, P<0.01). Conclusions:Interactive group management can significantly ameliorate the separation distance of diastasis recti abdominis, increase the level of knowledge-attitude-practice of diastasis recti abdominis rehabilitation and the compliance of rehabilitation exercise, improve the self-efficacy, prolong the first-level test time of eight-level abdominal bridge, and improve the abdominal core muscle strength for puerpera.