OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) in lung slices from antigen -sensitized rats and the modulation by drugs.

METHODSIn isolated lung slices from ovalbumin(OVA)-sensitized rats, the relative expression of VCAM-1 was determined after drug treatment and OVA challenge.

RESULTThe expression of VCAM-1 was enhanced in the sensitized rat lungs,and OVA challenge did not further increase the expression. Glycocorticosteroid dexamethasone and leukotriene cysLT receptor antagonist ONO-1078 inhibited the expression,but tachykinin NK-1 receptor antagonist SR-140333 had no such effect.

CONCLUSIONVCAM-1 expression is enhanced in the sensitized rat lungs, and antigen challenge does not further up regulate the expression. Anti-inflammatory drugs have different effects on VCAM-1 expression. Dexamethasone and ONO-1078, but not SR-140333, can inhibit the expression.

Animals ; Chromones ; pharmacology ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lung ; chemistry ; Male ; Ovalbumin ; immunology ; Piperidines ; pharmacology ; Quinuclidines ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of father-to-son vertical transmission of Y chromosome microdeletions

METHODSWe detected the Y by detection of Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men and analysis of some of their families. chromosome azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletions in the peripheral blood of 1 052 infertile males, investigated the paternal relatives of 12 cases of AZFc, 1 case of AZFb and 1 case of AZFb + c microdeletions, and drew the family tree diagrams of the infertile paternal relatives according to the findings.

RESULTSAmong the 1 052 infertile patients, 89 (9.73%) were found with Y chromosomal microdeletions, including 56 with AZFc, 6 with AZFa, 5 with AZFb, 14 with AZFb + c, and 8 with AZFa + b + c deletion. The investigation of the 14 patients'families revealed 1 case of AZFb and 1 case of AZFb + c deletion de novo. Among the 12 cases of AZFc deletion, vertical heredity was found in 5 patients with severe oligozoospermia, but not in the other 7 with azoospermia.

CONCLUSIONAZFe deletion may be vertically inherited from the father in severe oligozoospermia patients, and it is different from the paternal phenotype, while in azoospermia patients, AZF deletion, whatever type it may be, is less likely to be associated with vertical paternal heredity.

Adult ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Pedigree ; Sex Chromosome Aberrations ; Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development ; genetics ; Young Adult

Interaction teaching model of teaching and studying exchanging,simulation scenes,and clinical scientific research training were developed in medical interns.With the helps of such teaching model,rapid progresses of studying interests,activi- ties,and abilities were found in such pediatric interns.Under grasping basic pediatrics knowledge according to teaching program, they all have multiple abilities of clinical practices,medical teaching,and scientific research to a degree.The interaction teaching model which regards student as principal part plays a very important role in the development of pediatric probation quality.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex chronic progressive disease attacked by biological and mechanical factors and a result from the anabolic and catabolic imbalance in chondrocyte, subchondral bone and extracellular matrix(ECM). Etiology and pathological of OA are not yet entirely clear. The degradation and destruction of collagen II caused by matrix metalloproteinase -13 (MMP-13) is considered the core factor in the occurrence and development of OA. The research of MMP-13 inhibitor provide ideas and methods for the treatment of OA. In this article,the role and determination of MMP-13 in OA and the development prospect of MMP-13 inhibitor in the treatment of OA research progress were reviewed.
Animals ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 ; analysis ; physiology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Osteoarthritis ; drug therapy ; etiology

The external defibrillator is an emergency instrument used very widely in clinics. It plays an important role in rescuing ventricle fibrillation (VF) patients. We have designed an external defibrillator using the truncated exponential biphasic waveform. The system consists of three parts: the ECG collection module, the control module and the defibrillator module. They are introduced respectively, listing the main problems and the methods to solve them. Some experiments have been done and the corresponding results are given.
Animals ; Defibrillators ; Equipment Design ; Swine ; Ventricular Fibrillation

OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel technique of optical recording and its validation for assessment of the neuroprotective effect of nimodipine, a L-type calcium channel blocker. METHODS: In vitro ischemia was induced by oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD), the light transmittance (LT) of rat hippocampal slices undergoing OGD and reperfusion was quantitated using a simple apparatus relying on basic principles of light transmittance and a computerised image analysis system. RESULTS: OGD was associated with increased LT in the stratum radiatum of CA1 area and the dentate gyrus in hippocampal slices. Peak LT occurred (7.59 +/-1.42) min after OGD, followed by a marked decrease in LT (n=15 slices). Nimodipine administration (0.5 &mgr;mol/L, n=10 slices, 5 &mgr;mol/L, n=9 slices) appeared to protect the tissue from OGD damage by inhibiting elevation of LT, However, 50 &mgr;mol/L nimodipine resulted in increased LT (25.83 +/-6.32). min after administration (n=11 slices). CONCLUSION: LT signal measurement is a non-invasive, reliable method for determination of neuronal damage in ischemic rat brain slices Nimodipine is demonstrated opposite neuroprotective effects depending on its dose.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Shenfu Injection (SI) on immune function in patients during perioperative cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

METHODSNinety patients scheduled for CPB were randomly divided into 3 groups, the group A treated with SI before CPB, the group B treated with SI after CPB and the group C (the control group), 30 cases in each group. Counts of leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) and serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C4 were investigated at different time-points, i.e. one day before CPB, immediately after anesthesia and finishing CPB, and the 1st, 3rd and 8th post-operational days.

RESULTSIn all the three groups, counts of leukocyte and neutrophil rose immediately after CPB and the high level maintained on the 1st and 3rd post operational days, it somewhat lowered on the 8th day but still higher than that before operation, showing insignificant difference among the 3 groups. As for the other indexes, they declined obviously and immediately after CPB and began to restore on the 8th day to a certain extent, and the restoration were better in the group A and B, as the changes were milder.

CONCLUSIONSI could improve the immune function and reduce the risk of post operational infection in patients during perioperative CPB.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Aged ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; immunology ; surgery ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Intraoperative Period ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo determine whether cysteinyl leukotriene receptor agonist LTD(4) and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT(1)) antagonist pranlukast affect the differentiation of human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells.

METHODSSK-N-SH cell morphological changes induced by LTD(4), pranlukast and LTD(4) + pranlukast were observed with retinoid acid (RA) as the positive control. The expressions of CysLT(1) and CysLT(2) receptors were detected by immunoblotting analysis, and the expression of microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), a neuron marker, was detected by fluorescent immunostaining.

RESULTThe immunoblotting results showed that SK-N-SH cells expressed CysLT(1) receptor moderately, and CysLT(2) receptor highly. The morphological results showed that RA, pranlukast and LTD(4) + pranlukast induced the compaction of the cell bodies and the outgrowth of neurites, while LTD(4) had no significant effect. The immunostaining results showed that MAP-2 was distributed in the cell bodies in control or pranlukast-treated cells; it was distributed in cell bodies and neuritis in RA-treated cells. Pranlukast increased the numbers of MAP-2-positive cells.

CONCLUSIONThe CysLT(1)receptor antagonist pranlukast modulates the differentiation of SK-N-SH cells.

Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromones ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukotriene Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Leukotriene D4 ; pharmacology ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Neuroblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Leukotriene ; metabolism

In order to evaluate the effect and mechanism of the mulberry leaf alkaloid, flavones, and polysaccharide intervention on diabetes, the overall metabolite profiling characteristics for the plasma of diabetic mouse was performed by using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS). The 8 potential biomarkers were found in diabetic mice plasma based on the data of MS/MS characteristics obtained from the UPLC-OrbitrapMS analysis, which mainly involved in sphingolipids, amino acid metabolic pathway. The principal component analysis showed that the normal group and model group were obviously distinguished and implied that metabolic disturbance was happened in diabetic mice plasma. The extracts of mulberry leaf flavonoids, polysaccharide, alkaloid had exhibited the effects of callback function for diabetic mice through regulating the amino acid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism.
Alkaloids ; chemistry ; Amino Acids ; metabolism ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Flavones ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Metabolomics ; Mice ; Morus ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Sphingolipids ; metabolism ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic efficacy of standard antiviral therapy applied after interferon (IFN) treatment failure in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC).

METHODSCHC patients who completed a 48-week course of IFN therapy (pegylated (Peg)-IFNa-2a at 180 mug, qw, ih with or without ribavirin (RBV) at 15 mg/kg/w) in our hospital between January 2009 and June 2012 but who showed no response (at week 48) or who relapsed (at week 72) were enrolled in the study. Prior to initiating the 48-week course of retreatment therapy (Peg-IFNa-2a plus RBV as above), the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype was detected and the viral load measured (baseline) by PCR of HCV RNA. Each patient's response to therapy was classified as follows: baseline vs. week 4 (rapid virological response, RVR), vs. weeks 12 and 24 (early virological response, EVR), vs. week 48 (end of treatment virological response, ETVR) and vs. week 72 (sustained virological response, SVR).

RESULTSOf the total 235 cases administered retreatment therapy, 60.0% (n = 140) achieved RVR, 77.4% (n = 182) achieved EVR, 83.8% (n = 197) achieved ETVR, 68.0% (n = 68%) achieved SVR, and 15.7% (n = 37) relapsed. Stratification analysis of recurrence (n = 158) and non-responsive (n = 77) sub-groups showed that the recurrence group experienced significantly higher rates of RVR, EVR, ETVR and SVR, but a significantly lower rate of relapse. Stratification analysis of genotype 1b carrier (n = 206) and non-1b carrier (n = 29) sub-groups showed that the 1b carriers had significantly lower rates of RVR, EVR, ETVR and SVR, but a significantly higher rate of relapse. Finally, the patients who achieved RVR (vs. non RVR, n = 95) and EVR (vs. non-EVR, n = 53) showed higher rates of SVR and ETVR.

CONCLUSIONCHC patients who fail to respond to the initial course of standard IFN-based therapy may achieve SVR upon retreatment, especially those infected with the HCV genotype 1b.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Interferons ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyethylene Glycols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Retreatment ; Ribavirin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Failure