Ectopic pregnancy is defined as an extrauterine pregnancy. We report three cases where the ectopic pregnancies were implanted in different sites. The first case was a 28-year-old in her second pregnancy at 9 weeks gestation. She presented with painless vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound showed unruptured cornual pregnancy with hCG level of 7456mIU/ml. A single dose of 75mg IM methorexate was given and she responded well with significant reduction of hCG level. The second case, a 26-year-old gravida 5 para 2+2, with 2 previous ectopic pregnancies and bilateral salpingectomy, conceived via in-vitro fertilization (IVF). She presented with acute abdomen and one episode of syncope at 8 weeks 4 days gestation. Laparotomy showed ruptured ectopic pregnancy at the left tubal stump requiring a left salpingectomy. The third case was a 26-year-old, gravida 5 para 2+2, with two previous vaginal deliveries and two previous first trimester miscarriages. Her menses was irregular since she took injectable progestin. She presented to the emergency department with sudden onset of lower abdomen pain. Urine pregnancy test was positive. Ultrasound showed empty uterus, no adnexal mass but there was significant free fluid in the cul-de-sac. During laparoscopy, a ruptured ovarian pregnancy was diagnosed and salpingo-oophorectomy performed. There was no significant risk factor contributing to ectopic pregnancy identified in the first and third case. In the second case, despite previous bilateral salpingectomy, the patient still had ectopic pregnancy in the left fallopian tube remnant.
Pregnancy, Ectopic

Ectopic pregnancy is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, as seen in 9 to 13% and up to 30% of maternal deaths in developed and developing countries, respectively. Bilateral tubal pregnancy is an exceedingly rare condition with an even greater risk of rupture and hemorrhage than that of the unilateral type. This is a case of a 32 yearold G4P3 (4004) who presented with amenorrhea of 5 weeks, vaginal bleeding, and abdominal pain. The triad of symptoms, elevated serum β-HCG levels, along with a transvaginal ultrasound finding of a right adnexal mass led to the impression of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy, probably tubal. Patient underwent laparoscopy and intraoperative findings revealed bilateral tubal pregnancy for which bilateral salpingectomy was done. Oftentimes, as in this case, bilateral tubal pregnancy is diagnosed intraoperatively. However, it is possible, as seen in a review of cases, that a combination of history, symptoms, and clinical findings may point to a probable diagnosis which is imperative in treatment planning. Bilateral tubal pregnancy is rare, but due to a rise in pelvic inflammatory disease, its consequences, and the advent of assisted reproductive techniques, the risk for this condition increases with important clinical implications.
Pregnancy, Ectopic

Advanced abdominal pregnancy is associated with catastrophic outcomes for both mother and fetus. Because it is rare, it is often misdiagnosed and the surgery, often unplanned, may end up with uncontrollable hemorrhage and injury to abdominal structures during placental removal. A case of a 21-year-old G1P0, 34 weeks gestation, who presented as a bleeding placenta previa but diagnosed intraoperatively as abdominal pregnancy with a live baby with congenital anomalies, with complete removal of the placenta and with good maternal outcome is presented. This report highlights the pitfalls in diagnosis and stresses the importance of team management, adherence to good surgical principles, and timely operative decisions to ensure a successful outcome when preoperative evaluation is not possible.
Pregnancy, Ectopic

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

A prospective study was conducted at Hung Vuong Hospital from 2002 to 2004 on total of 1423 ectopic pregnancy cases to find out determinants of operation methods, either by laparoscopy or laparotomy, in conservative treatment of unruptured ectopic pregnancy. 355 patients were enrolled in the study with 190 laparoscopic operations and 165 laparotomy operations. Factors favored to laparotomy included history of ectopic pregnancy, ectopic mass<30mm and serum o-hCG at the time of operation<1000 mUI/ml. Determinants for laparoscopic operation included maternal aged 24-35 years, blood loss<100 ml and the surgeons familiar to laparoscopy. Laparoscopy method had operation time shorter than laparotomy, and there is no difference between the two methods concerning persistent ectopic pregnancy
Pregnancy, Ectopic,Therapeutics

Background: Salpingostomy for ectopic pregnancy in patients who has aspirations to having a baby is a necessity. Objective: To discover the factors affecting the outcome of salpingostomy. Subjects and method: 400 patients with none or one baby treated by salpingectomy or salpingostomy for ectopic pregnancy in National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology from July 2006 to June 2007 were studied. The data was analyzed with T test and logistic regression. Results: 92 of 400 patients (23%) were treated by salpingostomy. The risk of salpingectomy for patients with size of pregnancy mass >2 cm (measured by ultrasound) was 2.48 times higher than that of mass <=2 cm (95% CI: 1.50-4.12). All of cases with positive fetal heart beat were treated by salpingectomy. The danger of salpingectomy for patients with preoperative level of bhCG >3000 UI/L increased by 6.65 fold in comparison with that of bhCG <=3000 UI/L (95% CI: 2.99-15.27). The risk of salpingostomy for patients with the size of pregnancy mass >3 cm is 7.43 times as much as that of mass <=3 cm (95% CI: 3.89-14.39). Conclusion: The chance of salpingostomy for patients having the size of pregnancy mass <=3 cm and bhCG <=3000 UI/L was 24.1%.
Ectopic pregnancy ; salpingostomy

A study was done on 111 patients with ectopic pregnancy in the Institute of Mother and Infant Protection and Care and 111 pregnant women in the same locality. Results have shown that the history of menstrual modulation aspiration related closely with the ectopic pregnancy, especially the menstrual modulation aspiration only before the round of this pregnancy. The women with 2 or more than rounds of menstrual modulation increased the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Other factors comprised induced abortion, vulvitis and having many sexual partners
Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Aspirations (Psychology)