In this paper, a segmentation method, supervised FCM, is used to segment multi-spectrum MR imaging. The qualitative evaluation of human brain can be provided by the results for diagnostics. It can improve the results using FCM.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of 38 cases of cardiac surgery with full sternotomy through minimal skin incision.Methods A total of 38 cases of selective cardiac surgery were performed from June 2004 to December 2005.The operation was conducted under full sternotomy through a skin mini-incision.Results The operation was successfully completed in all the 38 cases.The total operation time was 175~359 min(mean,84 min),the drainage volume was 110~760 ml(median,380 ml),and the postoperatine hospital stay,7~32 d(mean,10 d).Postoperative short-term complications included 1 case of arrhythmia and 2 cases of pyrexia,all of which were cured.No thoracotomy for hemostasis was required.The incision healed by first intention without infection or separation.Follow-up examinations for 3~18 months(mean,9 months) in 38 cases showed significat improrement of symptoms.The left ventricular ejection fraction after operation was 0.45~0.73(mean,0.62).Conclusions Full sternotomy through minimal skin incision for cardiac surgery is safe and micro-traumatic.This procedure provides advantages of simplicity of performance,no need of special surgical instruments,and good cosmetic outcomes.

Objective To evaluate serum TPSA and F/T ratio in the differential diagnosis of BPH and PCa. Methods Serum TPSA,FPSA and F/T ratio in 177 cases of BPH and 60 cases of PCa were assessed and evaluated both in patients within and outside the "gray zone". Results TPSA and F/T ratio were both significantly discriminating between benign and malignant diseases (0.010.05) whereas F/T ratio could ( P 0.05). Conclusions Serum TPSA is a prostate carcinoma marker,F/T ratio being an adjuvant marker of TPSA of importance on the differential diagnosis in patients within the "gray zone".

Osteoarthritis is a common chronic degenerative disease, which is currently the main drug therapy.Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a kind of glycosaminoglycan in the interstitial cells, which has the character of viscoelasticity, lubricity, biocompatibility,biodegradability and anti-inflammatory. It is wide applicated in the treatment of osteoarthritis.However, the half-life of the common hyaluronic acid injected into the joint cavity is shorter, patients need frequent dosing and the compliance is poor, research on new uses of hyaluronic acid formulations and clinical pharmacy workers is the new direction of research.In this paper, the recent advance of HA on function, safety, effectivity and novel application in osteoarthritis therapy are summarized.

AIM: To study the antiviral effect of Fufang Yemazhui Capsule(Eupatorium lindleyanum DC) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: The influences on life span,death rate and lung index and lung histopathology of mice infected by influenza virus were observed. RESULTS: Fufang Yemazhui Capsule obviously inhibited influenza virus in vitro.Fufang Yemazhui Capsule could remarkably prolong life span,decrease lung index and inhibite the lung consolidation. CONCLUSION: Fufang Yemazhui Capsule shows significantly antiviral effect both in vitro and in vivo.

Objecfive To investigate the effects of endotoxin on nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65)mRNA expression and ahtosteron secretion in rat hepatic stellate cells(HSCs).Methods Cultured rat HSCs(HSC-T6)were divided into endotoxin-treated group and control group.Cells in endotoxin-treated group were exposure to 1 mg/ml.endotoxin.Aldosteron secretions of HSCs were determined by radioimmunoassay,and NF-κB p65 mRNA expressions of HSCs were detected by one-step RT-PCR.Results At 6,12,24 and 48 h,aldosteron secretions in endotoxin-treated group were significantly hisher than those in the control group(t=3.063,4.577,6.847 and 9.317,P<0.05),and the expressions of NF-κB p65 mRNA in endotoxin-treated group were also higher than those in control group(t=5.155,6.095,7.875 and 9.313,P<0.01).Aldosteron secretions and NF-κB p65 mRNA expressions in HSCs displayed a positive correlation(r=0.886,P<0.01).Conclusion Endotoxin can up-regulate the aldosteron secretion and NF-κB p65 mRNA expression in rat HSCs,which may be one of the mechanisms of liver fibrosis induced by endotoxin.

Aim To study the fluorescence spectroscopy of human serum albumin(HSA)and the interaction of aspirin and HSA.Methods The quenching mechanism of the fluorescence of human serum albumin by aspirin was studied with the fluorescence.The interaction dissociation constants KD of human serum albumin and aspirin were determined at different temperatures according to double reciprocal Lineweaver-Burk plot and the main binding force was discussed by thermodynamic equations.The effect of aspirin on human serum albumin was also studied by synchronous fluorescence spectrometry.Results The quenching mechanism of aspirin to human serum albumin was static quenching.The interaction dissociation constants KD at 37℃,25℃ was 1.44?10-3 and 1.96?10-3 mol?L-1 respectively.The thermodynamic parameters of the reaction was-19.73 kJ?mol-1(?H),-16.21 kJ?mol-1(?G),-11.77 kJ?mol-1(?S).Conclusions The main binding force between aspirin and HSA was Van der Waals interaction.Aspirin binding on the human serum albumin could change the serum protein conformation.

Objective To investigate the clinical feature,diagnosis and therapy of isolated Langerhans cell histiocytosis(histiocytosis X) with unusual localization.Methods A case of isolated Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the infundibulum was reported.The endocrinic tests,imaging,immunohistochemical and pathological examinations of this case were detected.Through literature review,the pathological and clinical feature,diagnosis,therapy of isolated Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the infundibulum were overviewed.Results Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain showed a 9 mm homogeneously enhancing mass in the region of the infundibulum.No other lesion was found in other organ systems.The patient underwent an occupying lesion resection of the infundibulum via right pterion approach.Langerhans cell histiocytosis was diagnosed through pathologic analysis.She was on hormone replacement therapy and close follow-up visit postoperatively.Conclusion Isolated Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the infundibulum in adult is extremely rare.Understanding of this disease should be improved to avert misdiagnosing.

Objective To investigate the effect of intrathecal morphine preconditioning (ITMP) on the excitability of substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in a rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).Methods Thirty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-300 g,in which intrathecal catheters were successfully placed without complications,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),group I/R,and group ITMP.Myocardial I/R injury was produced by occlusion of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion.In group ITMP,the rats received intrathecal morphine 3 μg/kg (10 μl) by three cycles of 5 min infusions interspersed with 5 min infusion-free periods starting from 30 min before ischemia,and the equal volume of normal saline was given instead of morphine in group I/R.At 10 min of reperfusion,6 rats randomly selected in each group were sacrificed,and the T2-6 segments of the spinal cords were acutely isolated to prepare spinal cord slices.The resting potential,threshold of action potential (APT),peak of action potential (APP) and action potential duration in SG neurons in the dorsal horn of spinal cord slices were determined using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique,and the number of action potentials evoked by currents of 40,60,80 and 100 pA was recorded.At 120 min of reperfusion,6 rats randomly selected in each group were sacrificed,and myocardial specimens were obtained for determination of myocardial infarct size (IS) and area at risk (AAR),and IS/AAR ratio was calculated.The expression of c-fos in the T2-5 dorsal horns of the spinal cords was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group S,the IS/AAR ratio was significantly increased,the expression of c-fos was up-regulated,the number of action potentials in SG neurons in dorsal horns of spinal cord was increased,APT was decreased,and APP was increased in group I/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/R,the IS/AAR ratio was significantly decreased,the expression of c-fos was down-regulated,the number of action potentials in SG neurons in dorsal horns of spinal cord was decreased,APT was increased,and APP was decreased in group ITMP (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which ITMP attenuates myocardial I/R injury is related to decrease in the excitability of SG neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and reduction of responses to nociceptive stimuli in rats.

Objective To study the image examination of renal injuries and discuss renal explorative indications so as to spare the kidney or nephron as much as possible and improve curative rate of diagnosis and treatment. Methods An analysis was done on 286 cases that included 231 cases with close injury, 54 with open injuries, one with iatrogenic injury and 91 with combined injuries. Of all, 212 cases were examined by B-ultrasonography, 163 by CT and 132 by intravenous urography(IVU) and 6 by digital subtraction angiography(DSA); 202 cases were treated with conservative treatment and 84 with operation. Results The diagnostic positive rates of IVU, B-ultrasonography and CT were 67.4%, 72.2% and 87.7%, respectively. Among the operation cases, 42 cases were treated by renal repair, 12 by partial nephrectomy and 30 by nephrectomy. The operation rate was 29.4% and the nephrectomy rate 35.5%. Interventional treatment of the kidney was carried out in three cases. Conclusions For renal injury cases, the first and most important step is to evaluate the injury condition so as to correctly determine whether an operation exploration is needed. The injury conditions and severity are mainly determined by the image examinations that change according to injury cause, injury type and clinical symptoms. Renal exploration or not, and the operation time exert great influence on renal reservation rate and complication rate.