Objective To investigate the prevalence of serum Anti-sperm antibodies(AsAb) in group of prepubertal boys with cryptor-chidism before and after surgery,and explore whether it may be influenced by testicular location,orchiopexy,unilateral or bilateral cryptorchi-dism and deferens and(or) epididymis abnormality.Methods Serum AsAb was examined in 50 prepubertal boys with cryptorchidism and 50 boys with oblique inguinal hernia before and 6 months after surgery.Fifty boys who were normal were served as controls.IgG and IgM AsAb were determined by the immunodotting method.Results The preoperative and post-orchiopexy serum AsAb positive rates in cryptorchid boys were significantly higher than the preoperative and post-high ligation of hernial sac ones respectively in boys with oblique inguinal hernia(Pa0.05).Conclusion Cryptorchidism may induce an autoimmune response against sperm antigen in prepuberty independent of testicular location,orchiopexy,unilateral or bilateral cryptorchidism and deferens and(or) epididymis abnormality.

A glucose biosensor was fabricated from a glucose oxidasE-immobilized by chitosan and oxygen electrode. The effects of concentration of chitosan(0.3%), enzyme loading(0.8 mg), pH 7.0, phosphate buffer concentration(300 mmol/L), and temperature 25 ℃ for the response of the biosensor were investigated. The glucose biosensor has a linear response range of 0.016-1.10 mmol/L with a detection limit of 8.0 μmol/L(S/N=3). The response time was less than 60 s. The biosensor showed extremely good stability with a shelf-life of at least 3 months. The biosensor exhibited good repeatable response to a 0.25 mmol/L glucose olution with a relative standard deviation of 2.5%(n=10). The precision of fabrication of the biosensors using four different membranes was good with a RSD of 4.7%. Some common potential components in sample such as niacinamide, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin E, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Zn2+ showed no interferences on the response of the glucose biosensor. The biosensor was successfully applied to determine the glucose in commercial beverage samples.

ObjectiveTo identify the framework for assessing health related quality of life(HRQOL) of Kaschin-Beck disease(KBD),in order to reflect the impact of KBD on quality of life in patients with the disease.MethodsQualitative descriptive research was adopted.Semi-open ended questions were developed by using the World Health Organization(WHO) definitions of health and quality of life.Group interview and face to face interviews were conducted on 48 patients with KBD and 29 health care experts on KBD in Linyou and Yongshou counties,Shaanxi province,which were higher prevalence areas of KBD.Content template analysis was conducted and the template was based on the WHOQOL-100's framework.ResultsThe framework of HRQOL for KBD included four domains:physical activity,familial/social support,economic and psychological state.There were also eleven facets which were:pain and discomfort,physical function and activity limitation,diet and sleeping,social relationship,concerns of family responsibilities,social support,economic,housing and the surrounding environment,appearance concerns,mental health,and general state of health.The total entries were 69.ConclusionsThe framework for assessing HRQOL of KBD is established.The framework highlights the impact of KBD on the patients' quality of life with higher specificity.

The pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a serious impact on global public health and the economy. SARS-CoV-2 infiltrates host cells via its surface spike protein, which binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 on the host cell membrane. As a result, small molecules targeting spike protein have emerged as a hotspot in anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug research. Activity screening is an important step in seeking small molecule drugs. Therefore, this article aims to review the biological activity evaluation methods of small molecule inhibitors targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, with the goal of laying the foundation for the discovery of new anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.

Objective: To observe the effect of mFOLFOX7 protocolon advanced gastric cancer. Methods: Forty-eight patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into two groups: conventional treatment group (24 cases, surgery-adjuvant chemotherapy)and synthesized treatment group (24 cases, mFOLFOX7 neoadjuvant chemotherapy-surgery-adjuvant). The effect and toxic reaction of mFOLFOX7 on the patients with advanced gastric cancer were observed, and the R0 resection rate, complications incidence, survival rate were compared between two groups. Results: In synthesized treatment group, total effective rate was 58.3% . Fourteen patients (58.3%)achieved R0resection in synthesized group were compared with 7 patients (29.2%)achieved R0 resection in conventional group (P0.05).Conclusion: mFOLFOX7 neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocol is low toxic reaction. It can improve R0 resection rate of advanced gastric cancer, complications correlated with surgery are not increased. But it can’t improve the survivalrate.

ObjectiveTo analyze the classifications of the abnormalities of cervical curvature and its treatments with manipulation. Methods209 patients with cervical lordosis were analyzed. The abnormalities of the cervical curvature were classified as over-curvature (>45°), hypo-curvature (0°～30°), the straightened cervix (0°), backward curvature(0°～―20°), multiple curvatures (the cervical curvature showed "S" shaped). The C_5 subluxation were restored with manipulation in patients with hypo-curvature and straightened cervix, or other vertebra subluxation in multiple curvatures. Results1~4 yeared follow-up, 127 cases were excellently well being, 59 were well being, 23 were improved.ConclusionManipulation is effective on abnormalities of cervical curvature.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical outcomes of a group of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients undergoing posterior pedicle screw-only instrumentations.

METHODSBetween April 2002 and July 2006, 121 AIS patients (93 female and 28 male, average age at operation was 15.5 years which ranged from 10 to 20 years) received posterior pedicle screw-only instrumentation and fusion. All the patients were evaluated by the various-parameters measured in X-ray films before and after surgery, including Cobb angle on coronal plane, Cobb angle on sagittal plane, clavicle angle and shoulder height difference, lowest instrumented vertebrae (LIV) angulation, proximal junction kyphotic angle, the distances of central sacral vertical line (CSVL) to the LIV, to the apical vertebra and to the C(7) plumb line respectively. Complications were followed.

RESULTSAn average of (11.0 + or - 1.5) levels was fused. An average coronal correction of proximal thoracic curve was 41.8%, of thoracic curve was 70.8%, of thoracolumbar/lumbar curves was 74.0%. No significant change was found in sagittal alignment. Shoulder balance and apex vertebral to central sacral line were restored well. There were no pseudoarthroses and loss of correction during the follow-ups. One adding-on, 4 proximal thoracic decompensation and 15 proximal junction kyphosis were found during the follow-ups.

CONCLUSIONPosterior pedicle screw-only instrumentation and fusion has excellent radiographic and clinical results with minimal complications in the surgical treatment of AIS.

Adolescent ; Bone Screws ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Scoliosis ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; instrumentation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the morphological, ultramicrostructural and pathological changes of tissues from a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).

METHODSOne autopsy case of diagnosed SARS was investigated. Lung puncture was performed immediately after the patient died, and the autopsy was done after 12 h. The specimens from lymph nodes, spleen, small intestine, colon and bone marrow were studied by immunohistochemical technique. The antibodies used included CD20, CD45RO (UCHL-1), CD4, CD8, CD68 and CD34.

RESULTSThe principal lesions of the SARS case consisted of acute lobular intrastitial pneumonia, hyaloid membranes of pulmonic alveoli and hyperplasia and shedding of alveolar epithelium of. Virus-like inclusions occasionally contained cytoplasm of the alveolar epithelium, which were positive by histochemical staining. The adjacent blood-vessels were changed by hyperplasia and enlargement. The structures of lymph nodes and spleen were damaged with lymph follicles depletion and splenic nodules atrophy. The specific changes included reduction of lymphocytes and hyperplasia of histiocytes, depletion of the follicles of small intestine and colon wall, decreased hyperplasia of the bone marrow and increased number of the megakaryocyte. Meanwhile, in the immunohistochemical study, CD(20)(+) B cells were fully expressed in lymph nodes and spleen, and the CD45RO (UCHL-1)(+) T cells were scatteredly expressed. The number of CD4(+) help T cell was markedly decreased, while the number of CD8+ poisonal T cells increased, and the ratio of the former and latter was no more than 0.5. Under the electronic microscopy observation, virus-like particles with 80 - 160 nm diameter and halo or garland envelope were found in mononuclear macrophage and cytoplasm of alveolar epithelium.

CONCLUSIONThe specific lesions of SARS consist of lobular intrastitial pneumonia with the formation of hyaline membranes of lung, haemorrhage, necrosis, inflammation of blood vessels and the damages of extralung lymphohemopioetic system. The damages were very similar to the pathological features of tissues infected by human immunodeficiency virus, in which numbers of T cells decreased and CD(4)(+) T cell/CD(8)(+) T cell ratio was no more than 0.5. According to the virus-like particles found in lung of the SARS case, it is considered that these virus-like particles may be a new kind of coronavirus which caused the "atypical pneumonia".

Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Middle Aged ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo find out the connection of serum pepsinogen and it's subgroups (PGI, PGII) with CA72-4 to early diagnosis and postoperative recurrence on gastric cancer.

METHODSRIA was applied to detect the results of serum PGI, PGII and CA72-4 on gastric cancer and other stomach diseases, then the clinic value of associating detection on gastric cancer diagnosis and prognosis judgment were assessed.

RESULTSThe serum PG levels of GC patients were significantly lower comparing to those of healthy controls (P < 0.01), apparent changes had taken place on earlier period GC (P < 0.05), and aggressive GC were even lower (P < 0.01). On the earlier period of GC diagnosis, CA72-4 levels were not apparently different to healthy controls (P > 0.05), and aggressive GC were significantly higher (P < 0.01). Compared preoperative with postoperative, the serum PGI and PGII and CA72-4 levels were significantly different (P < 0.01). In the patients underwent total gastrectomy, both of pepsinogen levels were lower than those of subtotal or large partial gastrectomy (P < 0.05). The serum PGI, PGII and CA72-4 levels of patients with recurrence of GC after total gastrectomy were significantly higher than those without. Compared before recurrence patients with after ones, the serum PGI and PGII levels of partial gastrectomy were no apparent difference (P > 0.05), however apparent changes had taken place on CA72-4 levels. The associate detection had even higher specificity (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSApply to detect the serum PG levels on crowds, especially pGI, PGI/II levels decrease, which may be expected to become the index to earlier period GC screening. The associating detection to PG and CA72-4 levels may significantly improve sensitivity and specificity, which have chances to be applied to monitoring to postoperative gastrectomy.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate ; blood ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pepsinogens ; blood ; Prognosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stomach Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis