This study was investigated to assess the difference of facial height and occlusal plane inclination between normal occlusion group and class 11 malocclusion group. The subjects consisted of 50 normal occlusion (male 25, female 25) and 50 class II(male 25, female 25) malocclusion patients. All subjects are adult. lateral cephalogram was taken with standard method, traced, and digitized for each subjects. The computerized statiscal analysis was carried out with SPSS program. The results were as follows: 1. In class II malocclusion group, variables significant different from normal occlusion group were as follows SN-FOP, FH-BOP, MP-BOP, AB-BOP, AB-FOP, Facial plane-BOP, FP-FOP. 2. In class II malocclusion group, the posterior facial height -especially posterior lower facial height-was significantly smaller than normal occlusion group.( P < 0.05) 3. In class II malocclusion group, the angles bEStween occlusal plane and upper and lower incisor, the angle between upper molar and bisected occlusal plane we e significantly larger than those of normal occlusion group. (P < 0.05) 4. LI to Mandibular plane (mm) was a unique factor of occlusal plane position that showed significant difference in class -Il1 malocclusion group. 5. The correlation between overbite and occlusal plane inclination existed in class II malocclusion group, but the correlation didn't exist in normal occlusion group.
Adult ; Dental Occlusion* ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Malocclusion ; Molar ; Overbite

A boy (Hellman dental age III B) with mandibular prognathism was treated by means of the labiolingual appliance and the chin cap. Following results were obtained; 1) Except the problem of development, most of treatment objectives were achieved after 8 months of active treatment. 2) The axial inclinations of upper and lower incisors were changed by the treatment. 3) The most notable change was the reduction of genial angle. 4) The patient has retained the good occlusal stability till after 18 months of retention.
Chin ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Prognathism*

This investigation was designed to compare the craniofacial morphology of Class III maloccusions with that of normal occlusions using PM line. The subjects consisted of forty-four normal occlusions (twenty-three males and twenty-one females) and sixty-nine Class III malocclusions (thirty males and thirty- nine females), aged eight through ten. Using the tracings of the standard lateral cephalograms, various angles, linear measurements and linear ratios of counter-part were recorded and analyzed by t-test. The following characterstics of craniofacial morphology of Class III malocclusion were obtained by this study. 1. Maxillary anteroposterior position was balanced with Nasion but was not balanced with mandible because maxillary bony arch was small and positioned posteriorly and mandibular corpus was large and positioned relatively anteriorly. 2. Upper and lower alveolar bony arch were not balanced each other in its size. 3. In counterpart analysis, Class III malocclusion was more horizontally unbalanced than normal occlusion. 4. Class III malocclusion was divided into 11 groups by maxillary and mandibular bony arch position, size and alveolar bony arch size. Unbalanced bony size of the maxilla and mandible was a major characteristics of Class III mlaocclusion.
Child* ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion ; Mandible ; Maxilla

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intrinsic factor and extrinsic factor for growth of the mandibular condylar cartilage of 4 day-old rats In a serum-tree medium for 1, 4, 7,14 days. They were compared with normal growth in vivo and with growth of spheno-occipital synchondrosis in serum-free medium. The cellular kinetics of cartilages were evaluated by autoradiography of tritiated thymidine. 1. Condylar cartilage was enlarged with rounded head on day 14 of experiment while in vivo the rounded-headed shape changed into functionally flattened appearance. 2. On day 14 of experiment, a severe reduction of the proliferative zone and a considerable increase of the hypertrophic zone were observed while in normal control group endochondrol bone formation and bone marrow were observed. 3. The proliferative activity in the proliferative zone of condylar cartilage detected by 3H-thymidine incorporation was lower than that of normal control group and decreased more than that of spheno-occipital synchondrosis, but it continued during the 14 days of culture. 4. The continued maintenance of condylar cartilage and morphologic change were disturbed in this culture system, but cell division within the proliferative zone was continued and probably linked to intrinsic factor.
Animals ; Autoradiography ; Bone Marrow ; Cartilage* ; Cell Division ; Head ; Intrinsic Factor ; Kinetics ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Osteogenesis ; Rats* ; Thymidine

Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes telomere repeats. It has been reported that activation of telomerase was associtated with immortalization, proliferative activity and carcinogenesis. Recently, telomerase activity has been extensively studied in many kinds of malignant tumors for clinical diagnostic and/or prognostic utilities. In neuroblastoma, breast carcinoma,gastric carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, close relationship has been reported between high telomerase activity and lymph node metastasis, tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. The purpose of this study is to to investigate the clinical implication of telomerase activity assay as an adjunctive factor in decision-making on neck node management, speedy pre-operative judging on histologic malignancy grading. Thus we performed semi-quantitative assay of telomerase activity using Telomerase PCR ELISA kit(Boeringer Manheim , Germany) and evaluated correlation between telomerase activity and tumor size, neck node metastasis, Anneroth malignancy score and influence of pre-operative chemotherapy on its activity in 27 cases of oral squamous cell carcinomas and 18 cases of normal oral epithelium. Also, correlation between telomerase activities and PCNA indices was evaluated. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The telomerase activities were detected in 24 specimens out of 27 oral squamous cell carcinoma specimens (88.9%) and in 5 specimens out of 18 normal oral epithelium specimens (27.8%). The mean value of telomerase activities was 0.9793+/-0.3428 in 24 oral squamous cell carcinoma specimens and 0.4855+/-0.1117 in 5 normal oral epithelium specimens. The positivity rate and mean value of telomerase activities in oral squamous cell carcinoma specimens were significantly higher than those of normal oral epithelium specimens (p<0.05). 2. There was no significant correlation between total Anneroth malignancy score and telomerase activity (p>0.05), but points of mitosis index and depth of invasion were significantly correlated with telomerase activities (p<0.05). 3. The positive immunohistochemical staining for PCNA(proliferating cell nuclear antigen) was observed in 26 specimens out of 27 oral squamous cell carcinoma specimens and mean value of PCNA indices of 26 specimens was 53.67+/-26.46. PCNA indices were significantly correlated with telomerase activities (p<0.05). 4. The mean value of telomerase activities was significantly higher in pathologic T3/T4 group than in T1/T2 group (p<0.01). There was no significant difference of mean value of telomerase activities between pathologic neck node positive group and negative group (p> 0.05). Pre-operative chemotherapy significantly lowered the telomerase activities (p<0.05). The above results suggested telomerase activity could be used as diagnostic marker and adjunctive parameter for judging on histologic malignancy in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Breast ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Drug Therapy ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epithelium ; Lymph Nodes ; Mitosis ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neuroblastoma ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Ribonucleoproteins ; Telomerase* ; Telomere

This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between the depth of antegonial notch and the craniofacial morphology, and to predict the mandibular growth direction & potential class III malocclusion. The computerized analyses were carried out on longitudinal lateral cephalometric radiographs of 50 children with class III malocclusion, divided into two groups; 30 deep notch subjects (more than 2.6mm) and 20 shallow notch subjects (less than 1.5mm). The conclusions were as follows: 1. The mandibular growth direction in deep notch group was more vertically directed than in shallow notch group. 2. Deep notch group had shorter anterior & posterior cranial base than shallow notch group. 3. There was not significant difference between deep & shallow notch groups in the amount of mandibular growth during treatment period. 4. Notch depth increased in both deep & shallow notch groups during treatment period.
Child ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Skull Base

No abstract available.
Animals ; Fluorouracil* ; Mice* ; Palate*

This study was investigated to evaluate the morphologic characteristics of deepbite tendency as multiple factors. The subjects consisted of 60 control subjects(male 25, female 35) and 137 deepbite patients(68 male, 69 female). The deepbite group was composed of 4 subgroups(Class I 44, Class II div. 1 40, Class II div. 2 13, Class III 40). The mean age was 21.57 year for the control group 21 year for deepbite group lateral cephalograph in centric occlusion were taken, traced, and digitized for each subject. The statistically computerized analysis was carried out with SAS program. The results were as follows; 1. In deep bite group, saddle angle is lesser than that of normal group. 2. The vertical dysplasia is prominent on anterior lower face and is closely related with mandibular form and inclination. 3. Without consideration of sagittal relationship, the dental factors such as curve of Spee, interincisal angle, U1 to upper lip length were prominent in the deepbite group. 4. Although there were individual variances in the perioral soft tissue profile, the lip presented more protruded pattern. 5. There was no significant difference in hyoid bone position and inclination between normal and deepbite group. 6. The multivariate discriminant analysis between normal and Class I deepbite group showed that curve of Spee, AB-MP angle, interincisal angle, articular agnle were critical in the determination of deepbite as multiple factors.
Discriminant Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; Lip ; Male ; Overbite

The cytoskeleton has been shown to form a network, connecting the extracelluar matrix via integrin with the nucleus and the cytoplasmic constituents of the cell It is therefore assumed that the cytoskeleton may mediate signals generated by perturbations originating in the matrix. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of cytoskeletal change on osteoblastic cell activities. The author cultured osteohinstic cells obtained from neonatal mouse calvaria The cells were treated with cytochalasin B(CB) or colchicine (COL) at four concentrations for 3 hours and after another 24 hours the conditioned media was collected and assayed for prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factors-alpha(TNF-alpha) and matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1). In addition, the cytoskeletal protein actin were observed by immunofluorescence. The results were as follows: 1. The production of PGE(2) showed the tendency to be increased in CB-treated group. PGE(2) was increased in COL-treated group dose-dependantly. 2. IL-6 Production, in CB-treated group, was increased, except at 1.0 microgram/ml. IL-6 was induced in COL-treated group. 3. TNF-alpha production was increased in CB-treated group, except at 1.0 microgram/ml, and in COL-treated group, that was increased. 4. The MMP-1 production was decreased in CB-treated goup and was not changed in COL-treated group, which could be selectively visualized by immunoblotting with monospecific antibody. 5. The cytoskeletal actin stress fibers were disappeared and the cells showed to be rounded in CB-treated group. These results indicated that there are a relationship between the cytoskeletal rearrangements and osteoblastic cell activities, especially in release of paracrine/autocrine factors, such as PGE(2), IL-6, and TNF-alpha.
Actins ; Animals ; Colchicine ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Cytoplasm ; Cytoskeleton ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Immunoblotting ; Interleukin-6 ; Mice ; Necrosis ; Osteoblasts* ; Skull ; Stress Fibers ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

This study was designed to investigate the displacements and reaction forces of teeth caused by the application of the rectangular shape-memory arch wires with curve of Spee. Computer-aided three dimensional finite element method was adopted. This finite element model consists of brick element for teeth. beam element for the wire, and contact element for the periodontal ligament. And the applicaton of the MEAW(Multiloop Edgewise Arch Wire) was also studied so that the results of the two methods can be compared each other. Total number of the nodes and elements were found to be 5925 and 4031, repectively. In addition, several types of elastics and corresponding displacements and reaction forces were examined. The findings of this study were as follows: 1. When the rectangular shape-memory arch wire with curve of Spee was used alone, the intrusion and labioversion was noticeable on the upper incisors, while the upper molars showed less intrusion. With MEAW, the intrusion and labioversion of the upper incisors were slightly larger than those when the shape-memory arch wire was used, but on the upper molars the opposite result was obtained with respect to the intrusion. 2. The shape-memory arch wire with the vertical elastics caused the larger downward displacement on the upper canine than that when the MEAW was used with the vertical elastics. However, the downward displacement of the upper incisors was larger in MEAW. The uprighting and buccoversion of the molars were observed in both cases. 3. The use of the Class II or III elastics showed the extrusion and changes in torque of the corresponding teeth. The downward displacement of the upper canine was increased when the Class II and vertical elastics were applied simultaneously, but it was decreased when both of the Class III and vertical elastics were used.
Incisor ; Molar ; Periodontal Ligament ; Tooth ; Torque