Disease Progression ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the characteristics of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)values in the normal fetal kidney and to explore the normal data reference of fetal kidney by using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).Methods 71 normal kidneys of fetuses confirmed by ultrasound and MR were examined with DWI with four b values of 100 s/mm2 ,200 s/mm2 ,500 s/mm2 and 700 s/mm2 ADC values of the symmetrical ROIs were compared between left and right kidney for each b value.While ADC values between different group in ipsilateral kidney were compared between different b values.And the relationship between ADC values and gestational age was also evaluated.Results When b = 100 s/mm2 ,there was a statistically significant difference between the ADC value of left and right kidney,and the remaining group showed no statistically significant differences between the ADC values of left and right kidney.Comparisons among different b values of ipsilateral kidney showed statistically significant differences among the groups with different b values except the comparison between b=100 s/mm2 and b=700 s/mm2 groups of the right kidney with the increase of gestational weeks,the ADC values of bilateral kidneys were declining,and there was a reflection of this trend in different b values. Conclusion It is feasible for using DWI to evaluate the fetal kidney development.With a selected different b value,ADC value is a specific quantitative parameter that could help evaluating normal fetal kidney development.

Objective To investigate the value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the diagnosis of adrenal metastasis.Methods 88 patients (107 adrenal lesions) with adrenal metastasis and benign tumor underwent 18F-FDG PET-CT,all adrenal lesions' short diameter,CT value and 18F-FDG maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) were measured.The t test,chi-square test and Pearson correlation test were used for data analysis.Meanwhile,receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the ability of CT value and SUV~x to differentiate the adrenal metastasis and benign tumor.Results There were 73 adrenal metastases and 34 adrenal benign tumors of 107 adrenal lesions.The short diameter of adrenal metastasis was (2.17±1.14) cm,benign tumor was (1.76±1.00) cm,there was no statistical significant difference between the two groups (t =1.817,P =0.072).The CT value of adrenal metastasis and benign tumor were (29.65±10.29) Hu and (14.83±14.42) Hu (t =5.389,P =0.000),respectively.The SUVmax of adrenal metastasis was 9.28±5.33,while benign tumor was 2.81±1.14,statistical significant difference was found between the two groups (t =9.890,P =0.000).For adrenal metastasis,a significant positive correlation was found between short diameter and SUV~ (r =0.620,P =0.000),and it was also found between CT value and SUVmax (r =0.561,P =0.000).Among all patients with adrenal metastasis,32 (58.2 ％) patients' lesions were found in the left adrenal gland,and 5 (9.1％) in the right side (x2 =29.689,P =0.000).ROC curve analysis showed that using lesion' s SUVmax ＞ 4.1 and CT value ＞ 20 Hu as diagnostic criteria,the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,PPV and NPV were 91.3 ％ (63/69),94.7 ％ (36/38),92.5 ％ (99/107),96.9 ％ (63/65) and 85.7 ％ (36/42),respectively.Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT has high sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in diagnosis of adrenal metastasis,and the adrenal lesion' s SUVmax ＞ 4.1 and CT value ＞ 20 Hu is a better diagnostic criteria.

Neurally ajd usted ventilatory assist( NAVA) uses the electrical activity of the diaphragm as a neural trigger to synchronize mechanical ventilatory breaths with the patient′s neural respiratory drive. Some studies have shown that compared with pressure-support ventilation,NAVA can improve patient-venti-lator synchrony while maintaining spontaneous breathing,unload respiratory musculaturei n term adn prte erm i nfants.Further studies are needed to determ ine whether NA VA will have significant impact on the overall outcomes of neonates.

Objective To explore the relationships between personality traits and internet addiction disorder, as well as which traits would affect internet addiction, and to provide the psychology basis against internet disorder in teenage. Methods The Cattell 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) and Chinese Internet Disorder Scale were applied to 409 undergraduates and high school students in Changsha. Use SPSS for windows 11.0 to carry on statistical processing. Results (1) Rule consciousness personality trait certain forecast internet disorder total score ( t = 3.18 ), withdrawal factor ( t = 4.17 ), tolerant factor ( t = 2.64) and time manage factor ( t =3.01 ). (2) Abstractedness personality trait certain forecast internet disorder total score ( t = 2.47 ) and interpersonal and healthy factor ( t = 3.08 ). (3) Warmth personality trait certain forecast forced-internet behavior factor ( t = 2.14 ) and time manage factor ( t = 2.41 ). (4) Social Boldness personality trait certain forecast interpersonal and healthy factor ( t = 2.42). Conclusion Personality traits certain influence internet addiction disorder.

Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy with an annual death of 0.5 millions of people worldwide. Currently the most accepted method of treating colorectal cancer is operation. With the popularization of the concept of multidisciplinary treatment, the research of chinese medicine in the treatment of colorectal cancer is furthered. More and more studies show that chinese medicine can prevent or reduce adverse effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and can also reduce postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis, so as to prolong the life span and improve life quality. Although much has been achieved, many questions have yet to be solved. Clinical research with chinese medicine only is less, which cannot reflect the principle of treatment based on syndrome differentiation; the credibility and generalizability of chinese medicine were restricted because of the absent of standard effectiveness evaluation system; high quality, large sample, multi-center, randomized double-blind clinical researches need to be carried out.

A method for isolation and primary culture of guinea pig alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells is reported. The injurious effects of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) on the cultured cells were studied. Trypsinizing solution was instilled into the bronchoalveolar space. The lungs were digested, sectioned, vortexed and filtered. The yield of original cell mixture was 172.3?106 cells/guinea pig, of which 33.6% were type Ⅱcells. At 48 h of culture following short term selective attachment 7.9?106 cells were obtained, of which 66.1% were type Ⅱ ceils. The purity could further be raised to 76.2% (63.9% -92%) if pretreated with ethyienediarnine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) before trypsinization to remove attached cells. The characteristics of cultured cells were observed under phase contrast microscopy, light microscopy and electron microscopy. After exposure of the cells to 300U/ml PLA2 for 4h at 37℃, detachment and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release of the cultured cells increased significantly. It is suggested that PLA, may damage and promote detachment of cultured type Ⅱ cells and it may play an important part in the development of some diseases.

Objective To investigate the role of PD-L1 in the pathogenesis of acute allograft rejection (AR) and its correlation with PD-1 and the degree of tubulointerstitial lesions. Methods A total of 20 patients admitted by our hospital and Daping hospital from 1999 to 2003 were included, 12 male and 8 female, aged 18-40 years old (average 32.2?4.5). All of them were diagnosed as acute rejection by renal biopsy. Fifteen specimens from the mismatched donor kidney and the normal tissues from the resected kidney served as normal control. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 in renal tissues of AR and normal control. Results Both PD-L1 and PD-1 expression were significantly higher in AR than that in normal control. The intensity of PD-L1 positive in renal tissues of AR showed a positive correlation with PD-1 expression and a negative correlation with the degree of tubulointerstitial lesions. Conclusion Increased expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 in renal tissues of AR has an important effect on the degree of tubulointerstitial lesions.

Objective To investigate the effect of splenectomy on autoimmune hepatitis complicated with cirrhosis and hypersplenism.Methods Nine cases of autoimmune hepatitis complicated withcirrhosis and hypersplenism were treated with splenectomy and periesophagogastric devascularization.Results All patients recovered well.Their liver functions recovered to the preoperative level within twoweeks after operation.No significant differences were found between preoperative and postoperative levelsof transaminase and bilirubin(P >0.05).The count of leukocyte and platelet rose to the normal level andthere were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative levels(P <0.05).Patients'symptoms of hypersplenism were corrected and their coagulation function improved significantly (P <0.05).Conclusion In patients with autoimmune hepatitis complicated with cirrhosis and hypersplenism,splenectomy with periesophagogastric devascularization is an effective procedure for improving hypersplenism,enhancing blood coagulation,and reducing bleeding.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of aminophylline on the treatment of patients with thoracic surgery perioperative. Methods 230 cases with thoracic surgery were selected as the research objects and divided into the research group and the control group randomly, and there was 15 cases in each group. the control group were ginven closed drainage of thoracic cavity during the surgery, continued to 3 days after surgery. The control group were given intravenous drip of ciprofloxacin lactate injection at 12 h after operation, and the treatment lasted for 7 days. At this basis, the research group were given aminophylline 0.5 mg/d by intravenous injection at the beginning of anesthesia induction and continued for 3 days. The levels of lung and respiratory inflammation related factor (White blood cells, PCT, hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10), blood gas index in the two groups pre- and post–surgery were detected, and the complications and adverse drug reactions were observed. Results 24h after surgery, TNF alpha, IL-6, IL-8 were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and IL-10 level was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). And PaO2 in the research groupwas significantly higher than that in the control group patients (P<0.05). After treatment, arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) in the two groups were significantly lower than preoperative (P<0.05). The complication rate in the research group was significantly lower than that in the control group within ten days(P<0.05). There were no adverse reactions in both groups. Conclusion During the perioperative period in thoracic surgery, aminophylline intervention can effectively improve the prognosis. .