No abstract available.
Cell Differentiation

Pelvic Bones* ; Sex Differentiation*

No abstract available.
Cell Differentiation* ; Mesothelioma*

The polarity of ameloblasts and odontoblasts is crucial for their differentiation and function. Polarity-related molecules play an important role in this process. This review summarizes the process of polarity formation of ameloblasts and odontoblasts and their related regulators.
Ameloblasts ; Cell Differentiation ; Odontoblasts

Measurement of various portions of the corpus callosum was performed on magnetic resonance(MR) images of 114 subjects with no known or suspected corpus callosal disorders. Midsagittal T1-weighted images used for measurements and mean diameters of various portions in each age and sex group were obtained. Measures of five portions were made : (A) the anterio-posterior length, (B) the diameter of genu portion, (C) the diameter of splenium, (D) the diameter of and mid-body portion, (E) the diameter of narrow portion at the body of corpus callosum. The mean diameter in each gender group for A, B, C, D, and E were 68.8mm, 12.1mm, 12.3mm, 6.9mm, 4.1mm in male and 69.9mm, 12.0mm, 12.1mm, 6.4mm, 4.1mm in female, respectively. The groups of 0-9 years of both genders showed the minimum mean value in each portion.
Corpus Callosum* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Differentiation*

PURPOSE: In this study, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of implant surface treatment on cell differentiation of osteoblast cells. For this purpose, three surfaces were compared: (1) a modified SLA (MSLA: sand-blasted with large grit, acid-etched, and immersed in 0.9% NaCl), (2) a laser treatment (LT: laser treatment) titanium surface and (3) a laser and acid-treated (LAT: laser treatment, acid-etched) titanium surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The MSLA surfaces were considered as the control group, and LT and LAT surfaces as test groups. Alkaline phosphatase expression (ALP) was used to quantify osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cell. Surface roughness was evaluated by a contact profilometer (URFPAK-SV; Mitutoyo, Kawasaki, Japan) and characterized by two parameters: mean roughness (Ra) and maximum peak-to-valley height (Rt). RESULTS: Scanning electron microscope revealed that MSLA (control group) surface was not as rough as LT, LAT surface (test groups). Alkaline phosphatase expression, the measure of osteoblastic differentiation, and total ALP expression by surface-adherent cells were found to be highest at 21 days for all three surfaces tested (P<.05). Furthermore, ALP expression levels of MSLA and LAT surfaces were significantly higher than expression levels of LT surface-adherent cells at 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively (P<.05). However, ALP expression levels between MSLA and LAT surface were equal at 7, 14, and 21 days (P>.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggested that MSLA and LAT surfaces exhibited more favorable environment for osteoblast differentiation when compared with LT surface, the results that are important for implant surface modification studies.
Alkaline Phosphatase* ; Cell Differentiation ; Osteoblasts ; Titanium

BACKGROUND: Seborrheic keratosis(SK) is a benign epidermal tumor histopathologically composed of basaloid cells and squamous cells. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the mode of expression of various epidermal differentiation markers in SK. METHODS: Twenty two cases of pathologically confirmed SK were collected from the pathologic files. The histological types included acanthotic type (19 cases) and reticulated type (3 cases). Immunohistochemical staining to various cytokeratins(CK), involucrin, loricrin and filaggrin was performed. RESULTS: Two expression patterns of CK 1 were observed. There was diffuse homogeneous expression of CK 1 in squamous cells in 14 cases and in 8 cases heterogeneous expression with immunoreactive cells scattered among nonimmunoreactive cells to CK 1. Immunoreactivities to CK 14 were observed in basaloid cells. CK 6 was expressed in entire epidermis including basal layer in 19 cases. But stronger expression of CK 6 was expressed in squamous cells than in basaloid cells. In 3 cases immunoreactive cells to CK6 were squamous cells in spinous and granular layer. CAM 5.2 was focally expressed in basaloid cells only in one case. Expression of involucrin was observed in squamous cells in upper spinous and granular layer. Loricrin and filaggrin were expressed linearly in only uppermost granular layer or with horny layer. CONCLUSION: CK expressions in SK suggest that differentiation process from basaloid cells to squamous cells is the same as that of from basal cells to sqamous cells in the suprabasal epidermis. Squamous cells of SK are activated keratinocytes which proceed normal keratinization with normal involucrin expression although terminal differentiation is presumptive to be slightly retarded because of decreased expression of loricrin and filaggrin.
Antigens, Differentiation* ; Epidermis ; Keratinocytes ; Keratosis, Seborrheic*

Follicular adenoma is a benign encapsulated tumor with evidence of follicular cell differentiation. It is the most common thyroid neoplasm, usually solitary and has a well-defined fibrous capsule. We experienced a case of follicular adenoma occurring in congenital goiter and reported with the brief review of related literature
Adenoma* ; Cell Differentiation ; Goiter* ; Thyroid Neoplasms

The direct reprogramming of a terminally differentiated cell into another lineage using defined combinations of factors has fundamentally changed traditional concepts of the inalterability of differentiated cells. Many studies have achieved direct conversion into various cell types in recent years, and this strategy is considered to be a promising approach for inducing functional cells. Here, we review work on direct reprogramming, from the early pioneering studies to the most recent, including the discovery of novel reprogramming factors, molecular mechanisms, and strategies. We also discuss the applications of direct reprogramming and the perspectives and challenges of this novel technology.
Cell Differentiation ; Regenerative Medicine ; Transcription Factors

No abstract available.
Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Fibronectins* ; Osteoblasts* ; Titanium