OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of electric acupuncture (EA) on the Nogo receptors (NgR) protein expression in the cerebral cortex, the medulla oblongata, and the spinal cord of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats (RHRSP) with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) at different time points, and to investigate its possible mechanisms for remote-organ injury of acute cerebral infarction (ACI).

METHODSThe RHRSP model was duplicated in male SPF grade SD rats. Then the MCAO model was prepared by a thread stringing method. Rats were divided into the hypertension group,the sham-operation group, the MCAO group, the EA group, and the sham-acupoint group by random number table method, 60 in each group. Rats in the MCAO group only received MCAO reperfusion treatment. Those in the sham-operation group only received surgical trauma. Baihui (DU20) and Dazhui (DU14) were needled in the EA group, once daily for a total of 28 days.The needles were acupunctured at the skin one cun distant from Baihui (DU20) and Dazhui (DU14) and then the same EA treatment was performed in the sham-acupoint group. At day 1, 7, 14, 28 after treatment, six rats were executed from each group, and their right cortex and medulla oblongata, and the left spinal cord were isolated. The infarct volume was detected by Nissl's staining method. The NgR expression was detect by Western blot.

RESULTS(1) In the cortex area: compared with the hypertension group,the NgR expression increased in the MCAO group at day 1,7,14,and 28 after MCAO (P < 0.05). Compared with the MCAO group, the NgR expression of the EA group and the sham-acupoint group were equivalent at 1 day af ter MCAO (P > 0.05). At day 7, 14,and 28 after MCAO, the NgR expression decreased in the EA group (P < 0.05), it was quite similar to that in the sham-acupoint group (P > 0.05). (2) In the medulla oblongata area: compared with the hypertension group, the NgR expression was equivalent in the sham-operation group. the MCAO group,the EA group, and the sham-acupoint group at 1 day after MCAO (P > 0.05). At day 7.14, and 28 after MCAO, the NgR expression increased in the MCAO group (P < 0.05). Compared with the MCAO group,the NgR expression decreased in the EA group at day 7, 14, and 28 after MCAO (P < 0.05), whereas it was similar in the sham-acupoint group (P > 0.05). (3) In the spinal cord area: compared with the hypertension group, the NgR expression was equivalent in the sham-operation group, the MCAO group,the EA group, and the sham-acupoint group at day 1 and 7 after MCAO (P > 0.05). At day 14 and 28 after MCAO, the NgR expression increased in the MCAO group (P < 0.05). Compared with the MCAO group, the NgR expression decreased in the EA group at day 14 and 28 after MCAO (P < 0.05), whereas it was equivalent in the sham-acupoint group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIncreased NgR expression in the cerebral cortex, the medulla oblongata, and the spinal cord of cerebral infarct rats was an important reason for involving remote-organ injury of ACI. The protective effect of EA on hypertensive I/R cerebral injury rats might be closely related to down-regulating central nervous system myelin growth inhibition mediated factors Nogo-A receptor NgR protein expression.

Animals ; Cerebral Infarction ; metabolism ; therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroacupuncture ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; metabolism ; Hypertension, Renal ; metabolism ; therapy ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata ; metabolism ; Myelin Proteins ; metabolism ; Nogo Receptor 1 ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism

Objective To study the clinical treatment effect of intraoperative perfusion of Panax notoginseng saponins on the postoperative mammary gland hematoma and skin ecchymosis. Methods A total of 100 patients who underwent breast minimally invasive surgery from August 2015 to May 2016 in Wenling First People's Hospital were randomly divided into control group and experimental group 50 cases in each group.The control group underwent intraoperative perfusion of Panax notoginseng saponin,on the basis of this, the experimental group were given psychological intervention, pay attention to the psychological state of the patients, strengthen the communication and exchanges with the patients, increased the patient's treatment confidence and treatment compliance. The clinical indicators of the experimental group and the control group were compared. Results After the corresponding treatment, the incidence of postoperative hematoma in the experimental group (4.0%) was significantly lower than in the control group (12.0%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The probability of skin staining in control group (26.0%) was significantly higher than that in the experimental group (8.0%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Breast minimally invasive biopsy perioperative psychological intervention, intraoperative perfusion of panax notoginseng saponins can reduce the incidence of postoperative mammary gland hematoma, skin ecchymosis.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation combined with endurance resistance exercises in treating female with chronic neck pain, and explore the mechanism. Methods: A total of 57 female patients with chronic neck pain who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a manipulation group (29 cases) and a medium-frequency electrotherapy group (28 cases). Patients in both groups received the same endurance exercise therapy, while those in the manipulation group received additional tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation, and those in the medium-frequency electrotherapy group received additional medium-frequency electrotherapy. Both groups were treated for 5 weeks. Before and after treatment, the neck function of patients was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS), Analgesy-Meter, Northwick Park questionnaire (NPQ), root mean square (RMS) and median frequency (MF) of surface electromyography of sternocleidomastoid muscle and posterior cervical extensor muscle, and the patients were followed up at a month after treatment. Results: All patients completed the treatment and were followed up. Compared with the same group before treatment, the VAS scores of both groups decreased, the tenderness values increased, the RMS and MF values increased, and the NPQ scores decreased after treatment (all P<0.05). The improvement of manipulation group was more notable than that of medium-frequency electrotherapy group (all P<0.05). At one-month follow-up, the VAS and NPQ scores of the manipulation group were lower than those before and after treatment, and the VAS and NPQ scores of the medium-frequency electrotherapy group were only lower than those before treatment; the two scores of the manipulation group were lower than those of the medium-frequency electrotherapy group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation combined with endurance resistance exercises can relieve neck pain and cervical dysfunction in female patients with chronic neck pain. The efficacy of this method is more durable and better than that of medium-frequency electrotherapy combined with endurance exercises.

Pancreatic cancer is a digestive system malignancy with high mortality. Exosomes are membranous vesicles with a diameter of 30-200 nm, which are released by various cells into the extracellular matrix. Exosomes can carry various molecules such as RNA, DNA, proteins, and lipids and bind to target cells to mediate the communication between cells and regulate the physiological function of cells. Recent studies have shown that exosomes play an important role in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer and can help with the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, and exosomes are expected to become a new biomarker for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. This article reviews the research advances in the role of exosomes in the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

OBJECTIVETo compare the diagnostic value of barium enema (BE), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in primary colorectal carcinoma.

METHODSA total of 64 patients with suspected colorectal carcinoma received BE (n=39), spiral CT (n=31) and MRI (n=42). The detective results were compared with the surgical results.

RESULTSAmong 64 patients, 54 cases were pathologically proved as colorectal carcinoma. The diagnostic sensitivity of BE,CT and MRI was 96.9% ,96.2% and 97.1% ,and the overall accuracy was 92.3% 83.9 % and 90.5% respectively. The overall accuracy of CT and MRI for tumor T staging was 73.1% and 82.9% respectively.

CONCLUSIONBE can be considered as a primary approach for diagnosing colorectal carcinoma, CT and MRI be necessary diagnostic approaches. Combined BE with MRI is the best choice for diagnosing of colorectal carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Barium Sulfate ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Enema ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

Objective To investigate the pathogenic mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in patients with early-onset breast cancer(≤35 years) and explore the relationships between BRCA1/2 mutations and clinical features.Methods Seventy-four patients with early-onset breast cancer were enrolled,who were treated in Hospital 307 between September 2014 and June 2016.High-throughput sequencing was used to test the 49 exon sequences and adjacent sequences of BRCA1 and BRCA2.χ2 test was used to analyze the distribution of BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutations in each group that was set up according to clinical features.Results Fifteen mutations(20.27%) were identified,including 5(6.76%) in BRCA1 and 10(13.51%) in BRCA2.Eleven new pathogenic mutations were discovered,and BRCA1:c.5470_5477delTGCCCAAT was found in one patient.The frequency of BRCA1/2 mutations in the group with a family history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer was higher than in the group without a family history (40.91% vs 11.54%) (χ2=6.534,P=0.011).Conclusion BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutation is significant for early-onset breast cancer,especially for those with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer.The new mutations may be specific to Chinese people.BRCA1:c.5470_5477delTGCCCAAT may be the ancestor mutation among the Chinese.

Licorice extract has the efficacy of anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-oxidation and anti-aging. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. This paper analyzes the status of licorice extract’s global trade and its international competitiveness. The main purpose is to clarify the status of our country’s licorice extract in the international market and provide reference for improving the international competitive advantage of licorice extract of China. Germany, the United States, Netherlands, France, Japan, Israel and China were the main import and export countries for licorice extract. The international market share (IMS), trade competitiveness index (TC Index), revealed comparative advantage index (RCA Index) and competitive advantage index (CA Index) were used to compare the licorice extract’s international competitiveness of these countries. It showed that Israel has the strongest international competitiveness and followed by France. The United States has the maximum IMS, but its competitiveness was on sagging tendency. Germany and the Netherlands are the major importers of licorice extract. Although they are lack of international competitiveness, its international competitiveness is on the rise, especially in Germany. China’s licorice extract has a high IMS, but its international trade competitiveness is weak, far lower than the United States and France. Japan was the basic export country of China’s licorice extract. The TC index and CA index of licorice extract in Japan are less than zero, which means Japan’s licorice extract is not competitive.

Objective Toanalyzethepersonnelallocationandbasicqualitystructureofmiddle-levelcadresinCDCsof ZhejiangProvince.Methods DatawerecollectedfromthenationalbasicinformationsystemofCDCs.Anddescriptive statistics,chi-square test and Kruskal -Wallis H test were used to analyze the differences of middle -level cadres'personnelallocationandbasicqualityamongthreelevelsofCDCs.Results Theallocationratioofmiddle-levelcadresin management departments was 25.58%,27.32% and 23.58% for provincial level,city level and county level of CDCs respectively,which was 74.42%,72.68% and 76.42% in management departments respectively.There were significant differences in ages,working years,education levels,majors and titles across different levels of CDCs (P<0.05 ).And there were significant differences in education levels across counties with different economic levels (P<0.05 ). Conclusion Thepersonnelallocationofmiddle-levelcadreswithexcellentbasicqualityindifferentlevelsofCDCsin Zhejiang Province was reasonable.

Objective To analyze the present post setting situation of CDCs in Zhejiang Province, and to provide evidence for further improvement and standardization of post setting. Methods The data of post setting were collected by questionnaires from all levels of CDCs in Zhejiang Province. The compliance and rationality of post setting structure were evaluated by national and provincial normative policy documents. Results Ninety seven CDCs had implemented the post setting. Professional technical posts had the highest proportion (above 80%) among three kinds of posts. As the approved proportions of posts classification and professional titles were approved by the local government, there were differences between different levels of CDCs. The approved proportion of ground skilled posts and management posts between municipal and county CDCs had a relatively higher degree of dispersion, and the CVs of ground skilled posts and management posts of municipal CDCs were 72.3% and 65.6%, and the CVs of county CDCs were 101.6% and 82.1%. In terms of the approved professional titles structural proportion, the degree of dispersion appeared to be higher in senior titles and primary titles approved proportion of municipal CDCs (CV=29.1%, 28.5%), while the degree of dispersion was higher in senior titles and vice-senior titles of county CDCs (CV=58.9%, 21.8%) . Meanwhile, the approved proportions of senior titles in municipal and county CDCs were lower with the averages of 32.2% and 17.0%. The posts of infectious disease prevention and control and laboratory detection were accounting for the majority posts in municipal and county CDCs with average percentages of 47.8% and 45.1% . Conclusion The present situation of post structural proportion meets the relevant requirements generally. However, there are some phenomena of non-standard approved proportion of ground skilled posts and management posts and low senior titles approved proportion. Meanwhile, the percentage of infectious disease prevention and control and laboratory detection posts appears to be lower in county CDCs.

AIMTo modify the structure of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).

METHODSUsing hairy root cultures of Anisodus tanguticus to perform biotransformation of DHEA, using chromatographic and spectral techniques to isolate and identify the products.

RESULTS(1) The MS medium without plant hormone was suitable for the growth of the hairy root. (2) DHEA was converted into five products: androst-4-ene-3, 17-dione (I); 6alpha-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3, 17-dione (II); 6alpha, 17beta-dihydroxyandrost-4-ene-3-one (III); androst-4-ene-3, 6, 17-trione (IV) and 17beta-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3-one (V).

CONCLUSIONIt is the first time to use hairy root cultures of Anisodus tanguticus for the biotransformation of DHEA and five DHEA-related compounds were obtained.

Androstenedione ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Androstenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Biotransformation ; Culture Media ; Dehydroepiandrosterone ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; metabolism ; Solanaceae ; metabolism ; Tissue Culture Techniques