Objective To investigate the compliance with endocrine therapy(ET) and assess the factors associated with treatment accuracy for breast cancer.Methods 379 patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer undergoing complete treatment from Jun.2006 to Jun.2008 in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital were followed up.Factors related to compliance were analyzed.Results Among the 322 (85.0％) patients successfully interviewed,15 (4.7％) patients did not receive ET,43 (13.4％) patients stopped taking drugs after discharge,14 (4.3％)patients had intermittent ET,and the rest 250 patients obeyed 5-year oral ET regularly.The treatment accuracy was 77.6％ (250/332).We found that majority of withdraw occurred within 2 months and within 2 years,accounting for 39.5％ and 48.8％,respectively.Job and education status were relevant to these patients.Moreover,too much concern of adverse drug effects and difficulty of long-term medication were the main reasons to noncompliance.Conclusions ET is effective in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients and has been used as a conventional therapy.However,due to the long therapeutic period and lack of medical supervision after discharge,its treatment accuracy and compliances are becoming low,resulting in decreased efficiency.It is therefore necessary to investigate such patients' management to improve the compliance and treatment accuracy of ET.

China ; Drug Discovery ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; drug therapy ; Humans

Objective To determine the changes of interleukin-12(IL-12) and IL-12 mRNA in gastric mucosa of children with helicobacer pylori (Hp) infection,and to study the effects of Hp infection on the expression levels of IL-12 and IL-12 mRNA,and to evaluate its possible roles in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal inflammation in Hp related gastroduodenal diseases.Methods Biopsy specimens were taken from the antral mucosa on endoscopy in patients with or without Hp infection, which were diagnosed by urease test and Giemsa staining. The expression levels of IL-12 and IL-12 mRNA in gastric mucosa were determined by ELISA and RT-PCR.Results Inflammation of gastric antral mucosa was more severe in Hp-positive mucosa .The expression levels of IL-12 and IL-12 mRNA in Hp-positive mucosa were (66.42?15.15) ng/g and (59.21?15.03)%,which were more than those in (Hp-negative )(22.22?8.79) ng/g and (17.94?7.39)%(P

Background Lewis rat is a commonly used specie in experimental autoimmune uveitis(EAU).However,the characteristics of EAU,especially ocular uhrastructural change,are rarely reported.Objective This study was to investigate the inflammatory characteristics and ocular uhrastructure of EAU models in Lewis rat.Methods EAU models were induced in 12 SPF female Lewis rats(6-8 weeks old)by injection of complete Freund adjuvant(CFA) containing interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP,1177-1191) and tuberculin (TB) into footpads,napes and back of the body,and 6 normal matched rats were used as normal controls.The diet and drinking,temperature and behavior acts of the rats were recorded during the observational duration.Ocular manifestations were examined under the slit lamp biomicroscope after modeling and scored.Eyeballs were obtained in 12 days after modeling for histopathological examination,and the ultrastructures of eyeballs were observed under the scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope.The use and care of the animals complied with Statement of ARVO.Results The food-intake was (190.00± 18.03)g in the model group,and that in the control group was (285.33 ±28.02) g,showing a significant difference between them (t =4.955,P =0.012).The drinking-water volume of rats was (241.67±t 18.56)ml in the model group,which was significantly less than (289.67± 18.18)ml in the control group,showing a significant difference between them (t =3.201,P =0.033).In addition,elevated temperature and tiredness were found in the model rats.Anterior chamber empyema,iris hyperemia and occlusion of the pupil appeared in the models on the 6th day and peaked on the 12nd day after immunized,with the inflammatory scores of 3.83±0.41.The infiltration of inflammatory cells were seen in anterior chamber,ciliary body and vitreous cavity under the optical microscope in the model rats.Scanning electron microscopy found uneven iris texture,coarse ciliary surface and loosen villi of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in the model rats.Under the transmission electron microscope,the infiltration of macrophagocytes on the iris,wrinkle sparse of ciliary epithelium,myeloid bodies in retinal Müller cells and vacuolus in mitochondria of RPE cells were exhibited.No obvious abnormality was found in the control rats.Conclusions Lewis rats are autoimmune status following injection of CFA with IRBP(1177-1191) and TB.The morphology and ultrastructure of eyeballs in the EAU rats can explain the finding of eyes.

BACKGROUND: More recently,repair of skull defect with computer-designed prosthesis contributes to the revolutionary development of skull reconstruction technique. OBJECTIVE: To individually molded titanium mesh by computer-aided design (CAD) technique,and to observe the clinical application value of the titanium mesh in the repair of large-area skull defects in the fronto- temporo-parietal lobes. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: A retrospective case analysis was performed at the Department of Neurosurgery,Liuzhou People's Hospital between January 2006 and August 2007.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 16 patients comprising 12 males and 4 females,aged 16-52 years,suffered from skull defects in the fronto-temporo-parietai lobes following standard large trauma craniotomy and were recruited into this stud Two of these patients were complicated by hydrocephalus and received ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Skull defect area ranged between 9. 2 cm ×11.2 cm and 12.2 cm×14.6 cm. Skull defect neoplasty was performed in all patients 3-8months following standard large trauma craniotomy. METHODS: Titanium mesh patches were individually modeled by CAD,computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) and rapid shaping techniques and implanted into skull defect region. In addition,defect edge was fastened with titanium nails. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Moulding effects and complications following skull defect neoplasty. RESULTS: A small amount of subcutaneous effusion was found in one patient and disappeared after liquid extraction and pressure dressing. Titanium mesh was firmly fixed with no loosening. Patients exhibited left-right symmetry,appropriate lateral curvature,no irregular umbilication or chewing dysfunction. All patients were followed for 3-18 months postoperatively and were satisfied with good resuRs,Le.,no complications,infection,material exposure,loosening,or collapse. CONCLUSION: CAD technique used for repair of skull defects is convenient,effective,and safe. This method can. reduce postoperative complications and improve repair effects.

Nano-TiO2 thin films were prepared by Radio frequency (RF) sputtering on pyrolytic carbon substrates. The influences of sputtering power on the structure and the surface morphology of TiO2 thin films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the TiO2 films change to anatase through the optimum of sputtering power. The mean diameter of nano-particle is about 30 nm. The anti-coagulant property of TiO2 thin films was observed through platelet adhesion in vitro. The result of experiment reveals the amount of thrombus on the TiO2 thin films being much less than that on the pyrolytic carbon. It also indicates that the RF sputtering Nano-sized TiO2 thin films will be a new kind of promising materials applied to artificial heart valve and endovascular stent.
Anticoagulants ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Humans ; Membranes, Artificial ; Metal Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; drug effects ; Radio Waves ; Titanium ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; X-Ray Diffraction ; methods

The relevant literatures of Siwu series decoctions--Taohong Siwu decoction for treating primary dysmenorrea of gynecology blood stasis syndrome were summarized including the clinical application, pharmacological effects, bioactive components and metabolic characteristics. On this basis,research on the bioactive components and formulation rule were discussed, to provide reference for modern traditional Chinese medicine formula study.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Dysmenorrhea ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans

Objective To assess the status and severity of bone disease in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) by using chest computerized tomography (CT) and the relationship between clinical prognostic parameters and bone disease.Methods All 46 newly diagnosed MM in-patients received both imaging tests of chest CT and plain X ray.An experienced radiologist reviewed all the imaging data.Clinical laboratory parameters,stages of Durie-Salmon (DS) and International Staging System (ISS) were evaluated.Five cytogenetic abnormalities of bone marrow myeloma cells were tested by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).Results The sensitivity of CT and X ray to determine pathological fractures was comparable,the positive rates of which were 41.3％ (19/46) and 30.4％ (14/46) respectively (P =0.29).Nevertheless,the positive rate of osteolytic lesions ascertained by CT was significantly higher than that by X ray (P ＜ 0.001),60.9％ (28/46) vs 13.0％ (6/46) with diameter 5-10 mm and 50.0％ (23/46) vs 10.9％ (5/ 46) with diameter more than 10 mm.Osteolytic lesion numbers found by CT were more than those by X ray [5(0-21) vs0(0-4) lesions with diameter5-10 mm (P＜0.001),2(0-14) vs0(0-2) lesions with diameter more than 10 mm (P ＜ 0.001),respectively].Patients with positive osteolytic lesions had higher percentage of RB1 gene deletion[46.7％ (14/30) vs 18.8％ (3/16),P ＜0.001],D13s319 deletion [43.3％ (13/30) vs 18.8％ (3/16),P ＜0.001] and high risk cytogenetic abnormalities[50.0％ (15/30) vs 25.0％ (4/16),P ＜ 0.001].Conclusions Chest CT is more sensitive than plain X ray in detecting osteolytic myeloma bone disease.Osteolysis determined by CT is relevant to clinical DS stages and risk stratification of cytogenetic abnormalities.

Objective To study the dosimetry characteristics of VMAT plan in the esophageal carcinoma radiotherapy.Methods Application of 0.6 cm3 ionization chamber and COMPASS threedimensional dose verification system,20 cases of upper and middle chest esophageal carcinoma on the VMAT plans for absolute dose and relative dose verification.Dose volume histogram (DVH) comparison treatment target,lungs,heart,and differences in the spinal cord irradiation dose and volume,and analyses γpass rate of GTV,CTV,PTV and organs at risks.Results The center dose of upper and middle chest esophageal carcinoma accurate rates were above 99％.Thoracic segment esophageal:GTV,PTV and organs at risks of γ pass rate above 97％.D95％ and Dmean of GTV,CTV and PTV were relatively undervalued within 3％.D1％ of spinal cord is 2.21％ overvalued.Left and right pulmonary V5 were slightly overvalued by about 0.5％,V10-D30,Dmean undervalued within 2％.In period of middle chest esophageal carcinoma:the gamma passed rate of GTV,CTV,PTV and organs at risks of above 97％,GTV,CTV,PTV D95％,Dmean were relatively undervalued within 2％.Spinal cord D1％ is 2.04％ overvalued.Left and right pulmonary V5-D30 to V10 as a trend of gradually to be underestimated,at 1.5％.Heart Dmean was undervalued by 2.68％.Conclusion VMAT technology is applicable in the chest esophageal carcinoma radiotherapy.

The total effect of Chinese medicine pair (CMP) was not the simply addition of two single herbs, but the interaction of their different components. Therefore, the research on the bio-active components of CMP is the basis of CMP compatibility study, and has important significance for revealing the compatibility effect and action mechanism, and creating traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) new drugs. This paper summed up the latest research progress of CMP on the basis of the bio-active components variation regularity of CMP from chemical solutions and content changes in vitro and the actions of CMP on bodies in vivo, in order to further drive the modern basic and applied research of CMP, and to reveal the scientific essence of CMP compatibility.
Animals ; Drug Compounding ; Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pharmacokinetics