Objective To discuss the value of video-assisted thoracoscope in the treatment of esophageal leiomyoma. Methods Clinical data of 19 patients with esophageal leiomyoma treated by video-assisted thoracoscopy from July 2000 to October 2007 were reviewed retrospectively.Under general anaesthesia with the patients at the lateral position according to the location of esophageal leiomyoma,3 incisions were made on the chest wall for insertion of the trocars.Gastroscope was applied for intraoperative auxiliary operation.Results Under a video-assisted thoracoscope,enucleation of the leiomyoma was performed on 18 of the patients,the other one,who were diagnosed with esophageal leiomyoma(3 cm ? 2 cm) was converted to thoracotomy because of the tumor was confirmed huge during the thoracoscopy.No postoperative death or severe complications occurred.Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma in all of the cases.The patients were followed up for a mean of 24.5 months(5-35 months),no recurrence was found during the period. Conclusions Video-assisted thoracoscopy can be the first choice for the treatment of esophageal leiomyoma.Open surgery should be considered if the tumor is huge.

We carried out a questionnaire survey on the career planning situation of pharmacy postgraduate students at Peking university, so as to collect information for career planning education of pharmacy postgraduate students, which is expected to promote their employment on completion of degree. by. The results revealed the status quo of career planning and the demand for guidance in this aspect. Recommendations for career planning education of pharmacy postgraduate students were made thereby.

The purpose of the present study is to establish a rapid and effective PCR method for the identification of B. multicinctus. Based on sequence alignment of B. multicinctus and its adulterants, we found that Cyt b gene is a good molecular genetic marker for the authentication of B. multicinctus. On the basis of the sequence data, a pair of highly specialized primers was designed. The templates were extracted by the DNA purification system. Key factors such as annealing temperature, concentration of Taq enzyme and cycle numbers were analyzed and optimized. The modified PCR program consisted of an initial denaturation step at 95 degrees C for 5 min, followed by 30 cycles of 95 degrees C for 30 s and 55 degrees C for 45 s and a final extension at 72 degrees C for 5 min. Thirteen samples of B. multicinctus were identified accurately from their 20 adulterants in 4 hours. The results indicated it is a highly accurate, rapid and applicable method for the authentication of B. multicinctus.

Objective To study the distribution of variable number tande repeat(VNTR) polymorphisms of the platelet membrane glycoprotein Ⅰ b? in Han nationality at Harbin and the relationship between these polymorpbisms and cerebral infarction(CI).Methods The identification of alleles and genotypes of VNTR polymorphism of the glycoprotein Ⅰ b? gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)in 200 healthy individuls and 200 CI patients(77 lacunar infarction patients and 123 atherosclerotic thrombotic infarction patients),to analyze The relationship between gene polymorphisms and cerebral infarction.Results(1)There were three types of alleles:B、C、D,and five types genotypes:BC,BD,CC, CD,DD in Harbin Han nationality.No person with A allele and BB genotype was found.(2)No statistically significant differences of GP Ⅰ b? gene VNTR polymorphism was found between CI patients or subtype CI patients and controls(P=0.412 and 0.572,respectively).Conclusions(1)This study indicates that the C and D alleles of VNTR polymorphisms of GP Ⅰ b? are the main alleles while the CC and CD genotypes are the main genotypes in Harbin Han people.(2)Our findings indicate that no association exists between the VNTR polymorphism of platelet GP Ⅰ b? gene and CI.

Objective To explore the possible mechanisms of Arsenic Trioxide in treating rheumatoid arthritis(RA)by observing the changes of HE staining and NF-KB expression as well as the apoptosis of syn- oviocytes in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats.Methods After the animal model was set up on Wistar rats sue- cessfully,they were randomly divided into AA model group and arsenic trioxide treatment group.The treat- ment group were injected with 4 mg'kg~(-1)9?d~(-1)arsenic trioxid fluid for 7 days.All of the rats were killed 3 days after the complete of injections.The joint specimens were exposed,fixed,decalcified,wrapped and cut into slices.All slices were examined by HE stain and immunohistological evaluation.Results HE staining showed that when compared with the normal control group,the layers of synoviocytes of the AA group were increased to 6-8,and the arrangement of synoviocytes was disordered and heavy inflammatory cell infiltration were found in the AA group.In the arsenic trioxide treatment group,the layers of synoviocytes increased to 3～4,and medi- um amount of inflammatory cell infiltration were found.The intensity of synovial NF-kB(p65)positive stain in AA model group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group.The synovial expression and ac- tivation of NF-kB in the treatment group were decreased markedly,and did not return to normal level.The average gray scale calculation showed that there were significant differences between the three groups(P

BACKGROUND:Serious patel ar comminuted fractures can be treated by a number of methods such as cerclage with tension band steel wire or steel wire, or fixation with the nickel titanium patel a concentrator and absorption lines, or cerclage with 10# double-loop wire plus fixation with split-type patel a claws or with the memory al oy patel a concentrator. But it is difficult to achieve strongly fixed effect on patel a fractures by these methods.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effects of suture with polyester braided wire and cerclage with belt lock cable on serious comminuted patel ar fractures.
METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 57 patients with serious comminuted patel ar fractures who received suture with polyester braided wire and cerclage with belt lock cable from January 2007 to October 2012. According to AO classification of fractures, there were nine cases of type B3, 22 cases of type C2 and 26 cases of type C3. After satisfactory reduction of comminuted patel ar fractures during the operation, firstly we sewed up both sides of the expansion region of quadriceps muscle and stitched on periosteum and prepatel ar tissue with thick polyester braided wire fol owed by patel ar cerclage with belt lock cable. According to the stability of fracture blocks, tension band fixation with polyester braided wire was partial y added. After the operation, the clinical effects were assessed based on the Bostman score system.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 46 out of 57 cases were fol owed up with an average of 8 months (4-18 months). Al patients obtained bone union within 3-5 months. Wounds healed in the first stage without any infections, and fractures in al patients healed without complications such as implant loosening and skin irritation. According to the Bostman score system, 33 cases were scored excellent, 10 good and three fair. The excellent and good rate was 93.5%. It suggests that treatment of serious patel ar comminuted fracture by the combination of polyester braided wire and belt lock cable leads to closely contact fracture sites and reliably fix bone fragments. It can facilitate early postoperative range of motion exercises.

Objective To analyze risk factors in order to predict the in-hospital mortality of patients with se-vere acute pancreatitis (SAP), especially the factor of total cholesterol. Method Factors for predicting in-hospi-tal mortality were evaluated retrospectively from the clinical data collected from 338 SAP patients of Tianjin Nankai Hospital between January 1999 and December 2008 according to the Guidelines for for clinical diagnosis and classi-fication of Acute Panereatitis set by the Society of Chinese Medical Association in 2003. The patients were treated with intensive care, blood routine examination, blood biochemical test and even computed tomography within 24 hours after admission. The patients were divided as per outcome into deceased and survivor group. All patients were admitted within 72 hours after the onset of symptoms. The Off-square test was used for univariate analysis and multivariate test was performed by logistic regression. Results Compared with TC≤3.67 mmol/L, when the TC was between 3.67 -4.37 mmol/L, OR was 0.664 (P = 0.412), while TC was between 4.37 mmol/L and 5.23 mmol/L, OR was 0.144 (P =0.021).The OR was 1.013 (P =0.018) when TC was ≥5.23 mmol/L. The variation of serum TC levels was accompanied with the changes of C-reactive protein (CRP). When the CRP was ≥170 mg/L, OR was 7.074 (P =0.031). When the serum ALB≤30 g/L, OR was 7.224 (P =0.029).Conclusions The CRP, ALB, TC can be used for early predicting the in-hospital mortality of SAP patients. TC is a protective factor when it was between 4.37 mmol/L and 5.23 mmol/L, while it is a risk factor when ≥5.23 mmol/L or≤3.67 mmol/L. CRP> 170 mg/L or ALB < 30 g/L increases the probability of fatal outcome. Low level of albumin is a stronger predictor than the high level of CRP. Moderate elevation of TC level seems to in-crease the resistance to inflammation and hence improving the survival rate of patients with SAP and reducing the in-hospital mortality.

Objective To analyze the value of early evaluation in predicting the onset of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods The clinical data of 338 patients with SAP who had been admitted to Tianjin Nankai Hospital from January 1998 to September 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into MODS group (n = 163) and control group (n = 175) according to whether they did or did not have MODS. Risk factors causing MODS were analyzed by t test and Logistic regression analysis. Results The factors leading to the MODS included white blood cells count≥ 16 ×109/L, serum creatinine≥ 180 μmol/L, serum calcium≥2.5 mmol/L, c-reactive protein≥ 120 mg/L and pH value of blood≥7.35 (χ2 = 51.720, 21.421, 12.393, P < 0.05). The total cholesterol was a protective factor when it was 3.67-5.23 mmol/L. Conclusions Infection, renal insufficiency and hypercalcinemia are early predictive factors for MODS, and infection is the strongest predictive factor. Appropriate elevated total cholesterol can reduce the incidence of MODS.

Infection rate and in-hospital treatment were two prognostic factors for SAP recurrence.

Objective:To investigate the heterogeneity of epitopes recognized by anti-GBM autoantibodies in sera from a large cohort of Chinese patients with anti-GBM disease and its clinical significance.Methods: The present study included 108 patients with anti-GBM disease who were diagnosed in our hospital, between Jan 1991 and May 2009, with complete clinical and renal pathological data. Sera or plasma exchange of the patients were used to incubate with cryostat section of normal human renal tissue for indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay. The cryostat sections of normal renal tissue were pre-treated by 6 mol/L urea to unmask cryptic epitopes, and untreated cryostat sections were used to detect natural exposed epitopes. The sera were diluted from 1:2 to 1:512 to determine titers of anti-GBM autoantibodies Patients with anti-GBM autoantibodies against cryptic or exposed epitopes were further stratified;their clinical and pathological associations were analyzed. Results: Sera from all the 108 patients could recognize cryptic epitopes on normal renal tissue ( urea treated section). IIF showed IgG linear staining along GBM. However, sera from 56/108 patients (group A) could also recognize exposed epitopes on normal renal tissue (untreated section) ; sera from the rest 52/108 patients (group B) could not recognize exposed epitopes. In urea treated condition, the average titer of anti-GBM autoantibodies from sera of patients in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P＜0.01) , ANCA-positive patients in group A were significant less than that in group B (P＜0.01) . There was no significant difference between the two groups in regard to other clinical data (including serum creatinine) and renal histopathologic data. Conclusion: Anti-GBM autoantibodies from some patients with anti-GBM disease could recognize natural exposed epitopes, however, their anti-GBM titer for cryptic epitopes was higher than that of those recognizing cryptic epitopes only and the prevalence of serum ANCA was significantly less.