Objective To analyze types, mechanism and forensic identification for traumatic visual loss. Methods 109 cases of the evaluation for impairment and disability on traumatic visual loss were retrospectively analyzed, including interocular differences, anisometropia, left or right eye and the distributions of visual acuity, etc. Results The male-to-female ratio was 5.8:1, mainly 30~59 years of age. The ratio of monocular versus binocular injuries was 17.17:1. The ratio of left versus right injured eye was 1.39:1 in intentional injury cases. 115 eyes were injured, 83 of which were in low vision or blindness. 95 patients(87.16%) had large interocular differences( ≥ 3 lines). There were 9 patients with anisometropia from 2.25D to 6.00D and 23 patients with anisometropia larger than 6.00D. Conclusion Interocular differences and anisometropia are common in practice, which are not included in the expertise standard yet. Functional vision should be considered when developing the expertise standard.

Objective To research the relationship between binocular acuity and monocular acuity,and their effect on the evaluation of visual impairment and disability. Methods 1006 patients, aged between 18 and 60 years, are measured monocular and binocular acuities after the best lens correction. Results Binocular vision is higher than, equal to and less than monocular vision, three accounted for 27.14%, 70.78% and 70.78% respectively. Interocular difference has certain correlation with binocular interactions (χ2=54.939,P<0.05,r=0.228). Thirty-three patients have same binocular acuity but different monocular acuity. Conclusion Binocular acuity associated with the monocular acuity and the better eye vision plays a special role in visual disability evaluation.

The paper introduces the research background of preparation and revision of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing management information standard,analyzes the difficulties in the process of preparation and revision of the standard,including the building of the nursing management information model,handling of problems of multi-source and interdisciplinary management information,embodiment of features of TCM and innovation of the current health information standard,and puts forward countermeasures to solve corresponding problems on this basis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of half circle external fixation for the treatment of open tibial fractures.

METHODSFrom March 2005 to March 2011, 94 patients with open tibiofibula fractures were treated by closed manipulative or Kirschner-wire poking reduction with half circle groove external fixation including 63 males and 31 females with an average age of 39 years old ranging from 17 to 65 years old. Among these patients, 5 cases were cross shaped fractures, 19 were oblique form and spiral fractures, 70 cases were comminuted fractures. According to the fracture Gustilo classification, 49 cases were type IIIA, 45 were type IIIB. The incidence of wound infection, fracture healing time were observed. The function was evaluated according to the Johner-Wruhs standard.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 14 to 63 months (averaged 29 months). The wound healing time was from 16 to 39 weeks (means 21.4 weeks). No fracture nonunion, osteomyelitis and calf compartment syndrome occurred. The wounds of 81 cases were healed at the first period,deep wound infection occurred in 2 cases. According to the function Johner-Wruhs evaluation criteria:the result was excellent in 52 cases, good in 37 cases, fair in 5 cases.

CONCLUSIONClosed manipulative or Kirschner-wire poking reduction and half circle groove external fixation can reduce the infection rate of open tibiofibula fractures. For open tibiofibula comminuted fractures, after the half circle groove external fixation for 3 to 6 weeks, a middle Kirschner-wire was removed according to fracture end healing situation to make fixation dynamic and promote fracture healing.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Wires ; External Fixators ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; Fractures, Comminuted ; surgery ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Fractures, Ununited ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery ; Young Adult

The pediatric population is different from adults in their physi-ological function and tissues structure, and therefore they should not be assumed simply as the small adults.The drug development for pediatric population is helpful to improve the health of children in the whole coun-try.However, the clinical investigation of medicinal products for adults can not apply for children and there has not available guidance for chil-dren for a while.Accordingly, Chinese Food and Drug Administration ( CFDA) issues the guidance for clinical investigation of medicinal prod-ucts in the pediatric population, which ensure the clinical trials are more scientific and ethic. This paper means to interpret the guidance and therefore to help the development of clinical trials in pediatric population.

The pediatric population is different from adults in their dis-ease types and medication use in clinics.The drug clinic trial in pediatric population provides reliable clinic data for new drug development and medication use, and is helpful to promote the health of children.Howev-er, considering the specificity of children, it is changeable to conduct the drug clinic trials, especially for the study protocol design.Accordingly, CFDA issues the guidance for clinical investigation of medicinal products in the pediatric population, which ensure the clinical trials are more sci-entific and ethic.This paper means to interpret the guidance and there-fore to help the development of clinical trials in pediatric population.

Objective To find out the status of brick-tea type fluorosis in the epidemic areas.Methods Based on "Scheme for Epidemiological Brick-tea Type Fluorosis in Sichuan Province",ten counties were selected in Sichuan brick-tea areas and ten towns were selected in every county,then the epidemicologic survey was performed in children of 8～12 year-old and adults aged above 20 years old.Results 5044 children and 4053 adults were selected from brick-tea areas.The rates of dental fluorosis in children and adults were 55.69%(2809/5044)and 60.41%(4053/6709)respectively.The dental fluorosis was mainly of mild damage.The skeletal fluorosis found in X-ray film was 44.64%(167/1241)and in clinical examination,38.94%(3883/9973).The levels of urine fluoride in children and adults were 1.88 and 2.78 mg/L.The level of urine fluoride was not differenet among children of different age,but in adults it was higher in the elder than the younger.The level of fluoride in urine was related to the severeness of skeletal fluorosis(r=0.74).The detective rates of skeletal fluorosis in agricuIture,pasturing,and agriculture-pasturing areaswere 31.70%(1369/4318),50.04%(1228/2454),and 40.17%(1286/3201),respectively.The X-ray detecting rates of skeletal fluorosis in men and wonlen were 49.57%(229/462)and 41.72%(325/779) respectively(χ2=11.72,P＜0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of brick-tea type fluorosis is very serious in the regions studied.

Objective:To explore the effect of half circle external fixation for the treatment of open tibial fractures. Meth-ods: From March 2005 to March 2011,94 patients with open tibiofibula fractures were treated by closed manipulative or Kirschner wire poking reduction with half circle groove external fixation including 63 males and 31 females with an average age of 39 years old ranging from 17 to 65 years old. Among these patients ,5 cases were cross shaped fractures ,19 were oblique form and spiral fractures,70 cases were comminuted fractures. According to the fracture Gustilo classification,49 cases were typeⅢA,45 were typeⅢB. The incidence of wound infection,fracture healing time were observed. The function was evaluated according to the Johner Wruhs standard. Results:All patients were followed up for 14 to 63 months (averaged 29 months). The wound healing time was from 16 to 39 weeks (means 21.4 weeks). No fracture nonunion,osteomyelitis and calf compart-ment syndrome occurred. The wounds of 81 cases were healed at the first period ,deep wound infection occurred in 2 cases. According to the function Johner-Wruhs evaluation criteria:the result was excellent in 52 cases,good in 37 cases,fair in 5 cases. Conclusion:Closed manipulative or Kirschner wire poking reduction and half circle groove external fixation can reduce the infection rate of open tibiofibula fractures. For open tibiofibula comminuted fractures ,after the half circle groove external fixation for 3 to 6 weeks,a middle Kirschner wire was removed according to fracture end healing situation to make fixation dy-namic and promote fracture healing.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application effect of fracture liaison service(FLS)mode after percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)/percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP)for thoracolumbar fragility fracture.Methods A prospective study was conducted,and 762 patients with thoracolumbar fragility fracture who underwent PVP/PKP in the department of orthopedics in our hospital from January 2018 to May 2021 were included and divided into the control group(374 cases)and the observation group(388 cases)according to the random number table method.Patients in the control group received routine osteoporosis intervention,while the patients in the observation group implemented FLS through Blue Bull Medical Care or Chronic Health APP on the basis of the control group to systematically manage the osteoporosis treatment after discharge.The follow-up lasted for 12 months,and the 8-item Morisky medication adherence scale(MMAS-8)score,pain visual analogue scale(VAS)score,Oswestry disability index(ODI)score and Hamilton depression rating scale(HAMD)score at discharge,and 6 months and 12 months after discharge of the two groups were compared.The incidences of re-fracture and constipation 6 months and 12 months after discharge of the two groups were compared.The Cobb angle and bone mineral density T-value of injured vertebrae 6 months and 12 months after discharge of the two groups were compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the MMAS-8 score,VAS score,ODI score or HAMD score at discharge of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).The VAS score,ODI score and HAMD score 6 months and 12 months after discharge in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),the MMAS-8 score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the incidences of re-fracture and constipation in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the Cobb angle of injured vertebrae 12 months after discharge of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).The bone mineral density T-value 12 months after discharge in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The FLS mode can significantly improve the medication compliance of patients,relieve pain,depression and constipation,improve bone mineral density,and significantly reduce the incidence of vertebral re-fracture in patients after vertebral augmentation surgery;however,it has no significant effect on the Cobb angle of injured vertebrae.

BACKGROUNDSeveral studies have evaluated the association between polymorphisms of encoding excision repair cross complementation group 1 (ERCC1) enzyme and lung cancer risk in diverse populations but with conflicting results. By pooling the relatively small samples in each study, it is possible to perform a meta-analysis of the evidence by rigorous methods.

METHODSEmbase, Ovid, Medline and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched. Additional studies were identified from references in original studies or review articles. Articles meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed systematically, and the reported data were aggregated using the statistical techniques of meta-analysis.

RESULTSWe found 3810 cases with lung cancer and 4332 controls from seven eligible studies. T19007C polymorphism showed no significant effect on lung cancer risk (C allele vs. T allele: odds ratio (OR) = 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.80 - 1.04; CC vs. TT: OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.56 - 1.02; CC vs. (CT + TT): OR = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.84 - 1.10). Similarly, there was no significant main effects for T19007C polymorphism on lung cancer risk when stratified analyses by ethnicity (Chinese or Caucasian). No significant association was found between C8092A polymorphism (3060 patients and 2729 controls) and the risk of lung cancer (A allele vs. C allele: OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 0.95 - 1.11; AA vs. CC: OR = 1.08, 95%CI = 0.88 - 1.33; AA vs. (AC + CC): OR = 1.08, 95%CI = 0.88 - 1.31).

CONCLUSIONWe found little evidence of an association between the T1900C or C8092A polymorphisms of ERCC 1 and the risk of lung cancer in Caucasian or Han Chinese people.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Endonucleases ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics