This paper introduces the preamplifier for the microcomputer-detecting system of 3-Channel ECG signals and its technical specifications. The practical experiments and clinical applications show that its performances conforms with all the requirements of the system.
Amplifiers, Electronic ; Electrocardiography ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Heart Diseases ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; instrumentation ; Microcomputers ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

This paper introduces double ultrasound pulse transmitting and receiving circuits used in ultrasound thermometry. Using the circuits, double ultrasound pulses could be made synchronously to satisfy the requirements of ultrasound thermometry, and the weak ultrasound echo signals are received successfully. The crux experiment waveform offered shows that the circuits have high reliability.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; instrumentation ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Pulse ; Temperature ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography ; instrumentation ; methods

OBJECTIVETo measure the effect of atorvastatin on COX-2 expression in monocytes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODSForty patients with AMI (AMI group) and 18 patients with stable coronary heart disease (control group) were enrolled, and patients with AMI were randomly given routine therapy (n = 20) and routine therapy plus atorvastatin (20 mg/day, n = 20) for a week. Peripheral blood monocytes for each participant including patients with AMI were isolated and cultured for 24 hours. During the culture, monocytes in patients with pretreatment AMI were incubated with celecoxib in different concentration (0, 0.1, 1 and 10 micromol/L). COX-2 mRNA expression in monocytes was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in supernatant from monocytes and plasma hs-CRP levels were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSCOX-2 expression in monocytes in patients with AMI (0.92 +/- 0.13) was significantly higher than that in the control subjects (0.19 +/- 0.08), and decreased by 66% after atorvastatin (compared with that on routine therapy, P < 0.05); IL-6 secretions of monocytes in the AMI group (204.8 +/- 45.6 ng/L) increased dramatically compared with those in the control group (40.9 +/- 1.2 ng/L, P < 0.05), and reduced dramatically by 58% when incubated with 10 micromol/L celecoxib (P < 0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner; plasma levels of CRP in the AMI group (43.3 +/- 14.9 mg/L) significantly increased compared with those in the control group (1.7 +/- 0.8 mg/L), and reduced by 62% after atorvastatin (compared with those in the routine therapy group, P < 0.05). COX-2 expression in monocytes in the AMI group was positively correlated with both secretions of IL-6 and plasma level of CRP (r = 0.636 and 0.662, respectively, both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere is an inflammatory activation in peripheral blood monocytes in patients with early AMI, and the monocytes-derived COX-2 may play an important role in promoting early inflammatory process. Atorvastatin may decrease COX-2 expression in peripheral blood monocytes in patients with AMI and cyclooxygenase-dependent pathway might be correlated with the anti-inflammation mechanism of statin.

Aged ; Atorvastatin Calcium ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Female ; Heptanoic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Pyrroles ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prodromal stage of dementia.Predicting MCI's conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD) plays critical roles in preventing the progression of AD.Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) was introduced briefly,which was a widely used neuroimaging database for the study on AD related diseases,and the application of machine learning algorithm was reviewed in MCI classification.Deep learning network,which transforms the original data into a higher level and more abstract expression,has shown great promise in MCI conversion and classification.Two main kinds of deep learning approaches were described,including supervised learning and unsupervised learning,and their new application was discussed in MCI conversion and classification based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI).Finally,the current limitations and future trends of deep learning in this area were explored.

Objective To explore the effect of enriched environmental stimulation on mouse brain cognitive reserve to enhance the sensitivity of brain age gap estimation (BrainAGE).Methods Twenty-one healthy adult C57BL / 6J male mice,15 months old,were divided into a group with a standard environment and two groups with enriched environments.All the groups underwent magnetic resonance microcopy.Scaled subprofile model was used to analyze the features reflecting the changes of brain cognitive reserve.Results There were significant differences between the mean BrainAGE of the two groups with enriched environments and that of the remained standard environment group,then it's proved that some assumption might be reasonable that brain cognitive reserve could be estimated based on BrainAGE.Optim ized BrainAGE model made explanations for 58.9％ differences during stimulus phase in enriched environment.Conclusion Improved BrainAGE model gains high sensitivity when used to measure the redundancy of brain cognitive reserve.

Objective To detect and analyze of residual ethanol in abandoned flaps after laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) with ethanol infiltration methods.Methods Together 20 patients (40 eyes) undergoing LASEK were recruited in the study.After infiltrated with 20％ ethanol and rinsed in equilibration solution,the corneal epithelial free flap was isolated and removed in time for sealing,and then procedures were continuously completed.Finally,observation of the skin flap production,postoperative irritation symptoms,epithelial healing,visual recovery and postoperative haze situation was performed,and then the amount of ethanol in the epithelial flap was measured.Results There was no failure in making the intact corneal flaps.The sensory score of postoperative irritation was 2.52 ± 1.46.Neonatal epithelial with 1 grade was observed in 32 eyes,2 grade in 8 eyes 5 days after surgery,while corneal haze with 0.5 grade was occurred in 3 eyes,1 grade in 2 eyes 12 weeks after surgery.There were ethanol residues in corneal epithelium in the abandoned flaps,with the amount of ethanol residues of (0.205 2 ± 0.041 0) μL in each flap.Conclusion It is found that a certain amount of ethanol residue in the corneal epithelium after LASEK with ethanol infiltration equilibration solution rinse,which may be one reason of the corneal irritation symptoms and corneal haze.

OBJECTIVESTo study the occurrence of different anomalies associated with hypospadias and to instruct relevant treatment in clinical practice.

METHODSThree hundred and forty-one cases of hypospadias were investigated, all treated respectively corresponding to their specific anomalies.

RESULTSThe morbidity of associated anomalies in cases of hypospadias was as high as 21.1%. Most of the anomaly cases were undescended testes and inguinal hernia, and the incidence of associated anomalies was related to the degree of hypospadias.

CONCLUSIONSHypospadias is not just a local dysmorphic problem but rather a local manifestation of a systemic disease. It is necessary to take those associated anomalies as a systemic whole and attach enough importance to their clinical treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; complications ; surgery ; Male ; Urogenital Abnormalities ; complications ; surgery ; Urogenital Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical and pathological features of liver injury in adults with acquired rubella.

METHODSThirty-six adult patients with acquired rubella (AAR) were enrolled in this study, the liver functions were dynamically analyzed, liver biopsy was done in two patients.

RESULTSLiver injury was found in 77.8% of the 36 patients, with slight elevation of ALT and/or AST. The highest incidence and the most serious liver injury occurred in the period of 6-10d after vanishing of the rashes. Viral inclusion bodies were found in the liver specimen, with complete histological architecture but slight inflammation. The mean hospitalization days of AAR accompanied with liver injury and without liver injury were 18.2 days, 7.8 days, respectively (u=3.596>1.96, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONHigh incidence of liver injury is observed in the adult patients with acquired rubella occurred in recent years, usually exhibited by mild liver injury with slight elevation of ALT. The elevation of AST or jaundice may indicate more serious liver injury, and these patients should be given active treatment to prevent acute liver failure. Liver injury may prolong the course of rubella patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Biopsy, Needle ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Diseases ; blood ; epidemiology ; etiology ; pathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Mitochondria, Liver ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Rubella ; complications ; Severity of Illness Index ; Young Adult

AIMTo establish a suitable condition for extraction of phenylalanine (Phe), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-OH-Trp) and four diastereomeric salts, (1R,2S)-ephedrine- (2S,3S)-tartaric acid, (1R,2S)-ephedrine-(2R,3R)-tartaric acid, (1S,2S)-pseudoephedrine-(2S,3S)-tartaric acid, (1S,2S)-pseudoephedrine- (2R,3R)-tartaric acid in supercritical fluid extraction and to assess the solubilities of Phe, 5-OH-Trp and the four diastereomeric salts in CO2.

METHODSSingle-pass method and HPCE.

RESULTSThe solubilities of Phe, 5-OH-Trp and the four diastereomeric salts in CO2 were determined over temperature and pressure ranges of 25-50 degrees C and 6.32-34.03 MPa respectively. The experimental results showed that the solubilities of Phe, 5-OH-Trp and the four diastereomeric salts do not increase with density of CO2. There existed a maximum in the critical region of CO2.

CONCLUSIONThe dramatically high solubilities in the pressure of 6.32-7.78 MPa show a critical behavior, which can be explained by critical characteristic through thermodynamics analysis. The results suggest that the separation of Phe, 5-OH-Trp and the four diastereomeric salts is more efficient in critical region of CO2.

5-Hydroxytryptophan ; chemistry ; Ephedrine ; chemistry ; Phenylalanine ; chemistry ; Pressure ; Solubility ; Stereoisomerism ; Tartrates ; chemistry ; Temperature

The current proxy indicators and quantitative strategy were summarized for cognitive reserve,the findings of cognitive reserve was discussed then in brain aging and Alzheimer's disease,and some future research directions were presented about cognitive reserve.The reserve of brain explains the disjunction between clinical symptoms and the degree of brain damage,whereby some people can tolerate more of age-related or Alzheimer's disease pathology than others and maintain brain function.The cognitive reserve hypothesis has been widely used in epidemiological and neuroimaging studies,but it lacks a unified quantitative indicator.The future research of cognitive reserve should be focused on the development of quantitative indicators that cover a variety of potential factors dynamically.